Question 1

A person who is stressed usually will have increased

Accepted Answer

A) activity of the spleen and other lymphatic organs. 
B) number of lymphocytes in the blood. 
C) resistance to infections. 
D) blood pressure. 
A) activity of the spleen and other lymphatic organs. 
B) number of lymphocytes in the blood. 
C) resistance to infections. 
D) blood pressure. D

Question 2

A sweat gland is an example of a(n)________ gland.

Accepted Answer

A) exocrine 
B) paracrine 
C) endocrine 
D) autocrine 
A) exocrine 
B) paracrine 
C) endocrine 
D) autocrine A

Question 3

The thalamus controls secretion of pituitary hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Cells of the adrenal medulla are closely associated with preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Secretion of glucagon causes

Accepted Answer

A) an increase in the formation of fat. 
B) an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to glucose. 
C) an increase in the concentration of blood glucose. 
D) an increase in glycogen. 
A) an increase in the formation of fat. 
B) an increase in the permeability of the cell membrane to glucose. 
C) an increase in the concentration of blood glucose. 
D) an increase in glycogen.

Question 6

________ controls hormone concentrations.

Accepted Answer

A) Positive feedback 
B) Negative feedback 
C) Muscle contraction 
D) Exposure to sun 
A) Positive feedback 
B) Negative feedback 
C) Muscle contraction 
D) Exposure to sun

Question 7

A hormone that the adrenal medulla secretes is

Accepted Answer

A) mineralocorticoid. 
B) glucocorticoid. 
C) aldosterone. 
D) epinephrine. 
A) mineralocorticoid. 
B) glucocorticoid. 
C) aldosterone. 
D) epinephrine.

Question 8

Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to

Accepted Answer

A) conserve sodium and excrete potassium. 
B) excrete sodium and conserve potassium. 
C) excrete sodium and potassium. 
D) conserve sodium and potassium. 
A) conserve sodium and excrete potassium. 
B) excrete sodium and conserve potassium. 
C) excrete sodium and potassium. 
D) conserve sodium and potassium.

Question 9

Oxytocin is administered to women following childbirth to stimulate

Accepted Answer

A) less milk production. 
B) uterine contractions. 
C) uterine relaxation. 
D) ACTH production. 
A) less milk production. 
B) uterine contractions. 
C) uterine relaxation. 
D) ACTH production.

Question 10

Cushing syndrome is caused by hypersecretion of cortical hormones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Diane has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following describes physiological effects she likely experiences?

Accepted Answer

A) Fatty acids and ketone bodies accumulate in the blood if she forgets/refuses her treatment. 
B) She urinates less frequently. 
C) Too much glucose enters cells like skeletal muscle and adipocytes. 
D) Hypoglycemia frequently occurs. 
A) Fatty acids and ketone bodies accumulate in the blood if she forgets/refuses her treatment. 
B) She urinates less frequently. 
C) Too much glucose enters cells like skeletal muscle and adipocytes. 
D) Hypoglycemia frequently occurs.

Question 12

A hormone is a ________ and the target cell is ________.

Accepted Answer

A) protein that stimulates other cells; the source of hormone secretions 
B) regulatory molecule that controls secretions of other cells; a cell that synthesizes hormones 
C) molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones 
D) molecule; a cell that does not have receptors 
A) protein that stimulates other cells; the source of hormone secretions 
B) regulatory molecule that controls secretions of other cells; a cell that synthesizes hormones 
C) molecule that has a metabolic effect on another cell; a cell that has receptors for specific hormones 
D) molecule; a cell that does not have receptors

Question 13

Choose the example that does not demonstrate a negative feedback loop of hormonal control.

Accepted Answer

A) A gland releases a hormone that causes free blood glucose to be collected and stored after a meal. After a time, the gland detects low free blood glucose and ceases production of the hormone. 
B) Pressure receptors sense the movement of a baby against and through the cervix during labor. They stimulate the hypothalamus to release a hormone that causes uterine contractions. This causes more pressure receptor stimulation, leading to larger releases of the hormone and stronger, more frequent contractions. Hormone release ceases after pressure sensations cease. 
C) A hormone that increases blood pressure is released. Baroreceptors in the arteries sense the pressure change and stimulate the brainstem to send signals to dilate blood vessels and counter the effect, decreasing blood pressure. 
D) A hormone is released from the hypothalamus, stimulating the anterior pituitary gland to release another hormone that is involved in metabolism. The flow of that hormone back to the hypothalamus inhibits the production of the first hormone in the pathway, also ceasing the production of the metabolism-influencing hormone. 
A) A gland releases a hormone that causes free blood glucose to be collected and stored after a meal. After a time, the gland detects low free blood glucose and ceases production of the hormone. 
B) Pressure receptors sense the movement of a baby against and through the cervix during labor. They stimulate the hypothalamus to release a hormone that causes uterine contractions. This causes more pressure receptor stimulation, leading to larger releases of the hormone and stronger, more frequent contractions. Hormone release ceases after pressure sensations cease. 
C) A hormone that increases blood pressure is released. Baroreceptors in the arteries sense the pressure change and stimulate the brainstem to send signals to dilate blood vessels and counter the effect, decreasing blood pressure. 
D) A hormone is released from the hypothalamus, stimulating the anterior pituitary gland to release another hormone that is involved in metabolism. The flow of that hormone back to the hypothalamus inhibits the production of the first hormone in the pathway, also ceasing the production of the metabolism-influencing hormone.

Question 14

During early embryonic development, a protein called sonic hedgehog is released from a cell and travels in a small gradient through the interstitial fluid only to nearby cells. This helps to establish the path and direction of development for the nervous system and limbs. Knowing this, sonic hedgehog must be a(n)________ signal.

Accepted Answer

A) endocrine 
B) paracrine 
C) autocrine 
D) nervous 
A) endocrine 
B) paracrine 
C) autocrine 
D) nervous

Question 15

Oxytocin stimulates the kidneys to conserve water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

A night-shift worker experiences extreme difficulty falling asleep due to being exposed to bright lights during both night and day. The unusual pattern of light exposure is disturbing their ________, which controls the release of the hormone ________.

Accepted Answer

A) metabolic rate; thyroxine 
B) circulatory system; dopamine 
C) circadian rhythm; melatonin 
D) limbic system; thymosin 
A) metabolic rate; thyroxine 
B) circulatory system; dopamine 
C) circadian rhythm; melatonin 
D) limbic system; thymosin

Question 17

Steroid hormones

Accepted Answer

A) are soluble in lipids. 
B) are very soluble in water. 
C) must interact with membrane receptors because they are never membrane permeable. 
D) include epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
A) are soluble in lipids. 
B) are very soluble in water. 
C) must interact with membrane receptors because they are never membrane permeable. 
D) include epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Question 18

The ________ gland is located deep between the cerebral hemispheres attached to the roof of the third ventricle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ gland is located deep between...

Question 19

A hormone whose effects last a long time has a ________ half-life.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A hormone whose effects last a long...

Question 20

The pineal gland is

Accepted Answer

A) located in the thyroid gland. 
B) attached to an adrenal gland. 
C) attached to the thalamus. 
D) found along with digestive tissue in the pancreas. 
A) located in the thyroid gland. 
B) attached to an adrenal gland. 
C) attached to the thalamus. 
D) found along with digestive tissue in the pancreas.

Exam 13: Endocrine System

A person who is stressed usually will have increased

A sweat gland is an example of a(n)________ gland.

The thalamus controls secretion of pituitary hormones.

Cells of the adrenal medulla are closely associated with preganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system.

Secretion of glucagon causes

________ controls hormone concentrations.

A hormone that the adrenal medulla secretes is

Aldosterone promotes the homeostasis of ions by causing the kidneys to

Oxytocin is administered to women following childbirth to stimulate

Cushing syndrome is caused by hypersecretion of cortical hormones.

Diane has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following describes physiological effects she likely experiences?

A hormone is a ________ and the target cell is ________.

Choose the example that does not demonstrate a negative feedback loop of hormonal control.

Oxytocin stimulates the kidneys to conserve water.

A night-shift worker experiences extreme difficulty falling asleep due to being exposed to bright lights during both night and day. The unusual pattern of light exposure is disturbing their ________, which controls the release of the hormone ________.

Steroid hormones

The ________ gland is located deep between the cerebral hemispheres attached to the roof of the third ventricle.

A hormone whose effects last a long time has a ________ half-life.

The pineal gland is

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

Genetics and Genomics

Filters

A hormone is a and the target cell is .

A night-shift worker experiences extreme difficulty falling asleep due to being exposed to bright lights during both night and day. The unusual pattern of light exposure is disturbing their , which controls the release of the hormone .