Question 1

Identical alleles are said to be

Accepted Answer

A) homozygous. 
B) heterozygous. 
C) recessive. 
D) dominant. 
A) homozygous. 
B) heterozygous. 
C) recessive. 
D) dominant.

Question 2

Freckles are a phenotype and the allele combination that causes a clotting disorder is a genotype.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Phenylketonuria (PKU)is a genetic disease caused by mutation of the PAH gene, which normally produces the enzyme phenylalanine hydroxase. This enzyme is essential for the conversion of the amino acid phenylalanine into tyrosine. Without the enzyme, phenylalanine builds up in the blood and tissues of various body regions. It can produce severe skin discolorations and foul odor, but also intellectual disabilities and behavioral problems. Some people may experience only one type of PKU symptoms and not the others. PKU is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) genetic heterogeneity. 
B) complete penetrance. 
C) incomplete penetrance. 
D) pleiotropy. 
A) genetic heterogeneity. 
B) complete penetrance. 
C) incomplete penetrance. 
D) pleiotropy.

Question 4

In a certain species of fly, eye color is designated by the W+ and w alleles, with the W+ allele being dominant. Typical eye color is red for these flies, while a rarer white color variant exists. In this species, W+ is the ________ and w is a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a certain species of fly, eye...

Question 5

The approximate number of protein-encoding genes on the Y chromosome is

Accepted Answer

A) >1,500. 
B) 231. 
C) 10. 
D) greater in males than females. 
A) >1,500. 
B) 231. 
C) 10. 
D) greater in males than females.

Question 6

The muscle disorder myotonic dystrophy can be caused by different genes, on different chromosomes. This means that the condition is genetically heterogeneic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Genetics is the study of

Accepted Answer

A) sperm and eggs. 
B) the effect of the environment on health. 
C) inheritance of characteristics. 
D) DNA. 
A) sperm and eggs. 
B) the effect of the environment on health. 
C) inheritance of characteristics. 
D) DNA.

Question 8

An individual who is homozygous dominant for a trait can be symbolized

Accepted Answer

A) AA. 
B) Aa. 
C) aa. 
D) None of the answer choices are correct. 
A) AA. 
B) Aa. 
C) aa. 
D) None of the answer choices are correct.

Question 9

Genetics is the study of the inheritance of traits and their variability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A bell curve is characteristic of the distribution of phenotypes of a multifactorial trait because

Accepted Answer

A) the phenotypes in the middle of the curve correspond to fewer genotypes than the phenotypes at the ends of the distribution. 
B) the phenotypes at the ends of the curve correspond to fewer genotypes than the phenotypes at the middle of the distribution. 
C) most people are average for the trait. 
D) people at the extreme ends of the distribution do not survive to reproduce. 
A) the phenotypes in the middle of the curve correspond to fewer genotypes than the phenotypes at the ends of the distribution. 
B) the phenotypes at the ends of the curve correspond to fewer genotypes than the phenotypes at the middle of the distribution. 
C) most people are average for the trait. 
D) people at the extreme ends of the distribution do not survive to reproduce.

Question 11

Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities most severely affect a fetus?

Accepted Answer

A) XXX 
B) Monosomy for a large autosome 
C) Trisomy 21 
D) XXY 
A) XXX 
B) Monosomy for a large autosome 
C) Trisomy 21 
D) XXY

Question 12

An allele that masks the effect of another is

Accepted Answer

A) homozygous. 
B) heterozygous. 
C) recessive. 
D) dominant. 
A) homozygous. 
B) heterozygous. 
C) recessive. 
D) dominant.

Question 13

A recessive allele masks the effect of a dominant allele.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A woman insists on an ultrasound and a maternal serum marker test to check for Trisomy 21 in her unborn child because she only wants to use non-invasive methods. Her obstetrician will

Accepted Answer

A) follow the procedures she wants, because ultrasound and maternal serum markers check chromosomes while CVS and amniocentesis do not. 
B) heavily advise against this decision, because ultrasound and maternal serum markers do not check chromosomes while CVS and amniocentesis do. 
C) allow the maternal serum marker test but still recommend amniocentesis, because maternal serum markers and amniocentesis check chromosomes while ultrasound and CVS do not. 
D) allow the ultrasound but still recommend CVS, because ultrasound and CVS check chromosomes while maternal serum markers and amniocentesis do not. 
A) follow the procedures she wants, because ultrasound and maternal serum markers check chromosomes while CVS and amniocentesis do not. 
B) heavily advise against this decision, because ultrasound and maternal serum markers do not check chromosomes while CVS and amniocentesis do. 
C) allow the maternal serum marker test but still recommend amniocentesis, because maternal serum markers and amniocentesis check chromosomes while ultrasound and CVS do not. 
D) allow the ultrasound but still recommend CVS, because ultrasound and CVS check chromosomes while maternal serum markers and amniocentesis do not.

Question 15

Hemophilia A is

Accepted Answer

A) due to an X-linked dominant gene. 
B) passed from affected males to their sons. 
C) more common in females. 
D) a defect in the clotting mechanism. 
A) due to an X-linked dominant gene. 
B) passed from affected males to their sons. 
C) more common in females. 
D) a defect in the clotting mechanism.

Question 16

Genetic information passes from protein to RNA to DNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Gender determination for males reflects expression of

Accepted Answer

A) the SRY gene but not the Wnt4 gene. 
B) the Wnt4 gene but not the SRY gene. 
C) both the SRY and Wnt4 genes. 
D) the entire Y chromosome. 
A) the SRY gene but not the Wnt4 gene. 
B) the Wnt4 gene but not the SRY gene. 
C) both the SRY and Wnt4 genes. 
D) the entire Y chromosome.

Question 18

The human genome consists of

Accepted Answer

A) DNA, most of which encodes protein. 
B) DNA, most of which does not encode protein. 
C) DNA, most of which encodes RNA. 
D) protein, most of which does not encode DNA. 
A) DNA, most of which encodes protein. 
B) DNA, most of which does not encode protein. 
C) DNA, most of which encodes RNA. 
D) protein, most of which does not encode DNA.

Question 19

A human cell with 46 chromosomes is

Accepted Answer

A) aneuploid. 
B) euploid. 
C) polyploid. 
D) haploid. 
A) aneuploid. 
B) euploid. 
C) polyploid. 
D) haploid.

Question 20

Cells from a woman with Turner syndrome have

Accepted Answer

A) an extra X chromosome. 
B) one X and two Y chromosomes. 
C) only one X chromosome. 
D) no sex chromosomes. 
A) an extra X chromosome. 
B) one X and two Y chromosomes. 
C) only one X chromosome. 
D) no sex chromosomes.

Exam 24: Genetics and Genomics

Identical alleles are said to be

Freckles are a phenotype and the allele combination that causes a clotting disorder is a genotype.

In a certain species of fly, eye color is designated by the W+ and w alleles, with the W+ allele being dominant. Typical eye color is red for these flies, while a rarer white color variant exists. In this species, W+ is the ________ and w is a ________.

The approximate number of protein-encoding genes on the Y chromosome is

The muscle disorder myotonic dystrophy can be caused by different genes, on different chromosomes. This means that the condition is genetically heterogeneic.

Genetics is the study of

An individual who is homozygous dominant for a trait can be symbolized

Genetics is the study of the inheritance of traits and their variability.

A bell curve is characteristic of the distribution of phenotypes of a multifactorial trait because

Which of the following chromosomal abnormalities most severely affect a fetus?

An allele that masks the effect of another is

A recessive allele masks the effect of a dominant allele.

A woman insists on an ultrasound and a maternal serum marker test to check for Trisomy 21 in her unborn child because she only wants to use non-invasive methods. Her obstetrician will

Hemophilia A is

Genetic information passes from protein to RNA to DNA.

Gender determination for males reflects expression of

The human genome consists of

A human cell with 46 chromosomes is

Cells from a woman with Turner syndrome have

Introduction to Human Anatomy and Physiology

Chemical Basis of Life

Cells

Cellular Metabolism

Tissues

Integumentary System

Skeletal System

Joints of the Skeletal System

Muscular System

Nervous System I: Basic Structure and Function

Nervous System II: Divisions of the Nervous System

Nervous System III: Senses

Endocrine System

Blood

Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System and Immunity

Digestive System

Nutrition and Metabolism

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

Reproductive Systems

Pregnancy, Growth, and Development

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In a certain species of fly, eye color is designated by the W+ and w alleles, with the W+ allele being dominant. Typical eye color is red for these flies, while a rarer white color variant exists. In this species, W+ is the and w is a .