Question 1

What evidence is presented in the textbook that supports the concept of a language acquisition device?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 2

The human genome is estimated to contain 25 000 genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

An aspect of language that is unique to humans is the ability to:

Accepted Answer

A)  communicate using sounds. 
B)  communicate using gestures. 
C)  create unlimited, unique sentences. 
D)  understand the meaning of sounds produced by others. 
A)  communicate using sounds. 
B)  communicate using gestures. 
C)  create unlimited, unique sentences. 
D)  understand the meaning of sounds produced by others.

Question 4

Malnutrition during childhood is one of the environmental factors that hinders intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Our prehistoric ancestors lived in small bands in which there were not a large number of sexual partners from whom to choose.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

About 200 000 genes make up the human genome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Studies that look for patterns of inheritance of genetic markers in large families in which a particular condition is common are called:

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental studies. 
B)  psychometric studies. 
C)  linkage studies. 
D)  naturalistic observation studies. 
A)  experimental studies. 
B)  psychometric studies. 
C)  linkage studies. 
D)  naturalistic observation studies.

Question 8

An evolutionary psychologist would agree that if a trait exists, then it must have been adaptive to human survival.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Linkage studies are used to help determine:

Accepted Answer

A)  where a gene for a particular trait is likely to be located. 
B)  whether people sharing the same trait have a genetic marker for that trait. 
C)  a map of the human genome. 
D)  where the boundaries between individual genes are located. 
A)  where a gene for a particular trait is likely to be located. 
B)  whether people sharing the same trait have a genetic marker for that trait. 
C)  a map of the human genome. 
D)  where the boundaries between individual genes are located.

Question 10

Epigenetics refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  publication of Darwin's book On the Origin of Species. 
B)  the forced sterilization of low IQ people. 
C)  the study of changes in gene expression due to mechanisms other than structural changes in DNA. 
D)  the study of changes in gene expression due to structural changes in DNA. 
A)  publication of Darwin's book On the Origin of Species. 
B)  the forced sterilization of low IQ people. 
C)  the study of changes in gene expression due to mechanisms other than structural changes in DNA. 
D)  the study of changes in gene expression due to structural changes in DNA.

Question 11

The scores of fraternal twins reared together are more highly correlated than the scores of identical twins reared apart.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

________ is an estimate of the proportion of the total variance in a trait that is attributed to genetics.

Accepted Answer

A)  Heritability 
B)  Nativism 
C)  Evolutionary psychology 
D)  The nature effect 
A)  Heritability 
B)  Nativism 
C)  Evolutionary psychology 
D)  The nature effect

Question 14

Critics of sociobiology present all of the following arguments EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  evolutionary explanations of sexual behaviour ignore the variability of human sexual practices. 
B)  in some species, males are monogamous, and in other species, females are promiscuous. 
C)  in surveys of humans, both males and females rank such qualities as kindness and intelligence as highly important in selection of a mate. 
D)  in the majority of world cultures, males are more likely to be promiscuous and undiscriminating in selection of a sexual partner compared to females. 
A)  evolutionary explanations of sexual behaviour ignore the variability of human sexual practices. 
B)  in some species, males are monogamous, and in other species, females are promiscuous. 
C)  in surveys of humans, both males and females rank such qualities as kindness and intelligence as highly important in selection of a mate. 
D)  in the majority of world cultures, males are more likely to be promiscuous and undiscriminating in selection of a sexual partner compared to females.

Question 15

Heritability estimates apply to specific individuals, to differences between groups, and to differences within groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Infants as young as seven months can derive simple linguistic rules from a string of sounds.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Research on the sexual behaviours of animals has shown that female emperor penguins take off every winter, leaving behind the male penguins to care for their offspring.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Researchers studying 10 000 people in 37 cultures found that men, when compared to women, are more interested in the youth and physical attractiveness of their partners.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Some theorists give experience a greater role in regard to language acquisition than does Chomsky. Explain their concept of neural networks and the role that they suggest parents play in fostering language development.

Accepted Answer

A good answer will include the following

Question 20

Behavioural-genetic studies have shown that as adopted children grow into adulthood, the correlation between their IQ scores and those of their biologically unrelated family members diminishes to zero.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

What evidence is presented in the textbook that supports the concept of a language acquisition device?

The human genome is estimated to contain 25 000 genes.

An aspect of language that is unique to humans is the ability to:

Malnutrition during childhood is one of the environmental factors that hinders intelligence.

Our prehistoric ancestors lived in small bands in which there were not a large number of sexual partners from whom to choose.

About 200 000 genes make up the human genome.

Studies that look for patterns of inheritance of genetic markers in large families in which a particular condition is common are called:

An evolutionary psychologist would agree that if a trait exists, then it must have been adaptive to human survival.

Linkage studies are used to help determine:

Epigenetics refers to:

The scores of fraternal twins reared together are more highly correlated than the scores of identical twins reared apart.

The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins.

________ is an estimate of the proportion of the total variance in a trait that is attributed to genetics.

Critics of sociobiology present all of the following arguments EXCEPT:

Heritability estimates apply to specific individuals, to differences between groups, and to differences within groups.

Infants as young as seven months can derive simple linguistic rules from a string of sounds.

Research on the sexual behaviours of animals has shown that female emperor penguins take off every winter, leaving behind the male penguins to care for their offspring.

Researchers studying 10 000 people in 37 cultures found that men, when compared to women, are more interested in the youth and physical attractiveness of their partners.

Some theorists give experience a greater role in regard to language acquisition than does Chomsky. Explain their concept of neural networks and the role that they suggest parents play in fostering language development.

Behavioural-genetic studies have shown that as adopted children grow into adulthood, the correlation between their IQ scores and those of their biologically unrelated family members diminishes to zero.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters

Exam 3: Genes, Evolution, and Environment

What evidence is presented in the textbook that supports the concept of a language acquisition device?

The human genome is estimated to contain 25 000 genes.

An aspect of language that is unique to humans is the ability to:

Malnutrition during childhood is one of the environmental factors that hinders intelligence.

Our prehistoric ancestors lived in small bands in which there were not a large number of sexual partners from whom to choose.

About 200 000 genes make up the human genome.

Studies that look for patterns of inheritance of genetic markers in large families in which a particular condition is common are called:

An evolutionary psychologist would agree that if a trait exists, then it must have been adaptive to human survival.

Linkage studies are used to help determine:

Epigenetics refers to:

The scores of fraternal twins reared together are more highly correlated than the scores of identical twins reared apart.

The heritability of a trait can be estimated by comparing groups of same-sex fraternal twins with groups of identical twins.

________ is an estimate of the proportion of the total variance in a trait that is attributed to genetics.

Critics of sociobiology present all of the following arguments EXCEPT:

Heritability estimates apply to specific individuals, to differences between groups, and to differences within groups.

Infants as young as seven months can derive simple linguistic rules from a string of sounds.

Research on the sexual behaviours of animals has shown that female emperor penguins take off every winter, leaving behind the male penguins to care for their offspring.

Researchers studying 10 000 people in 37 cultures found that men, when compared to women, are more interested in the youth and physical attractiveness of their partners.

Some theorists give experience a greater role in regard to language acquisition than does Chomsky. Explain their concept of neural networks and the role that they suggest parents play in fostering language development.

Behavioural-genetic studies have shown that as adopted children grow into adulthood, the correlation between their IQ scores and those of their biologically unrelated family members diminishes to zero.

What Is Psychology

How Psychologists Do Research

The Brain: Source of Mind and Self

Body Rhythms and Mental States

Sensation and Perception

Learning and Conditioning

Behaviour in Social and Cultural Context

Thinking and Intelligence

Memory

Emotion, Stress, and Health

Motivation

Development Over the Life Span

Theories of Personality

Psychological Disorders

Approaches to Treatment and Therapy

Filters