Exam 11: Human Development Across the Life Span

Physical features NOT directly associated with reproduction that are associated with one's gender are referred to as

____________________ refers the acquisition of the norms and behaviors expected of people in a particular society.

If Lawrence Kohlberg were to present you with a moral dilemma,in which of the following would he be MOST interested?

Research suggests that a child's temperament is well established by

A nine-year-old child would be likely to be in the ____ stage of development according to Piaget,and the ____ stage of moral reasoning according to Kohlberg.

Keshawn is happy to play quietly alongside his mother,becomes visibly upset when she leaves but is quickly calmed by her return.According to Mary Ainsworth,Keshawn is a(n)____________________ attached infant.

Some studies that have investigated the role of brain organization in gender differences have found that males tend to exhibit more cerebral specialization than females.

The development of motor behavior in infants follows a cephalocaudal trend,or head-to-foot direction.

A diet rich in __________ can reduce the risk of many birth defects.

The prenatal period refers to

During the second phase of prenatal development most of the vital organs and body systems begin to form in the developing fetus.

Typically,individuals concerned with the crisis of initiative versus guilt are in the ____ stage of cognitive development.

According to Carol Gilligan (1982),Kohlberg's theory describes moral development from the "justice perspective," which tends to predominate in males,but neglects to consider the "care perspective," which tends to predominate in females.From the justice perspective,moral decisions are based on considerations of fairness and equal treatment for all.From the care perspective,moral decisions are based on considerations of meeting individuals' personal needs and preserving relationships.Do research findings on gender differences support Gilligan's views?

The two dimensions James Marcia described that combine to yield four identity statuses are

Harlow's research with monkeys raised with two types of artificial mothers found that when frightened,infant monkeys went to the artifical mother that

Which of the following does NOT occur during the final three months of prenatal development?

In the 1960s,even though all her friends tried recreational drugs,Maggie refused to experiment with drugs because she was afraid she would get caught and end up in jail.Maggie's reasons for NOT experimenting with drugs reflect

Typically infants with ____ attachments exhibit little,if any,distress when their mothers leave the room.

Harlow's finding that "contact comfort" is an important factor in forming attachment is LEAST consistent with the views expressed by

A researcher tests the memories of groups who are 40,60,and 80 years old,and finds the youngest group better able to memorize information.The researcher concludes memory ability declines with age.You should assume the researcher's conclusion is