Exam 2: Cell Physiology

Lysosomal enzymes degrade dysfunctional organelles by selective self-digestion known as autophagy.

Rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)is most abundant in what kind of cells?

Occupying about 85% of the total cell volume,the cytosol is the semi-liquid portion of the cytoplasm that surrounds the organelles.

Larger species have more cells,not ____________________ cells.

An organism's structure and function ultimately depend on what two factors within its cells?​

Compare and contrast aerobic exercise and anaerobic exercise in terms of energy production.

Every cell has a built-in biochemical pathway that,if triggered,causes the cell to execute itself as a result of mitochondrial leakage of hydrogen peroxide.

Releasing to the exterior of substances originating within the cell is referred to as ____________________.

Tay-Sachs disease is an example of a(n)____________________ storage disease.

What are the two types of endoplasmic reticulum called?

What is the average size (in diameter)of a typical human cell?

What are the three stages of cellular respiration?​

Only 25% of DNA codes for protein synthesis.

Secretory vesicles containing the finished protein products bud off the ____________________ and remain in the cytosol,storing the products until signaled to empty.

The ____________________ is a gel-like liquid that suspends the cellular organelles and cytoskeleton.

Gene expression refers to the multi-stepped process by which information encoded in a gene is used to direct the synthesis of a protein molecule.​

Fatty acids are sequentially broken down in the mitochondrial matrix through the process of ____________________.

____________________ are long,slender,hollow tubes composed of tubulin molecules.

All new cells and new life arise only from preexisting cells.

How much more powerful are modern electron microscopes compared to light microscopes?​