Question 1

The radiographic appearance on an oblique lumbar spine in which the neck of the Scottie dog appears broken suggests the presence of:

Accepted Answer

A) spondylolisthesis. 
B) spina bifida. 
C) a compression fracture. 
D) spondylolysis. 
A) spondylolisthesis. 
B) spina bifida. 
C) a compression fracture. 
D) spondylolysis. D

Question 2

A radiograph of an AP axial sacrum reveals that it is foreshortened and the sacral foramina are not clearly seen.The patient was in an AP supine position, and the technologist angled the CR 5° to 7° cephalad.What specific positioning error is present on this radiograph?

Accepted Answer

A) Excessive CR angulation 
B) Rotation of the sacrum 
C) Insufficient CR angulation 
D) Wrong direction of the CR angle 
A) Excessive CR angulation 
B) Rotation of the sacrum 
C) Insufficient CR angulation 
D) Wrong direction of the CR angle C

Question 3

The "nose" of the Scottie dog represents the spinous process of a lumbar vertebra.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

A radiograph of an AP axial L5-S1 projection reveals that the joint space is not open.The following factors were used on this female patient: 80 kV, 40-inch (102-cm) SID, grid, 35° caudad angle, and CR centered to the ASIS.Which of the following factors needs to be modified to produce a more diagnostic image?

Accepted Answer

A) Increase the CR angulation. 
B) Decrease the CR angulation. 
C) Change the direction of the CR angulation. 
D) Center the CR higher to place it parallel to the joint space. 
A) Increase the CR angulation. 
B) Decrease the CR angulation. 
C) Change the direction of the CR angulation. 
D) Center the CR higher to place it parallel to the joint space.

Question 5

An average of ____ segment(s) make up the adult coccyx.

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) four 
C) five 
D) three 
A) one 
B) four 
C) five 
D) three

Question 6

The second projection for the Ferguson method of the scoliosis series requires that the concave side of the curve be built up 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) by placing blocks beneath the patient's foot.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

If the waist is supported properly, an average-size patient does not require any CR angulation for the lateral lumbar spine projection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Which labeled structure in the figure is the superior articular process?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 9

A radiograph of a left posterior oblique (LPO) projection of the lumbar spine reveals that the downside pedicle is projected too far posterior on the vertebral body.What specific positioning error is present on this radiograph?

Accepted Answer

A) Excessive rotation of the spine 
B) Insufficient rotation of the spine 
C) Tilt of the spine 
D) Incorrect CR placement 
A) Excessive rotation of the spine 
B) Insufficient rotation of the spine 
C) Tilt of the spine 
D) Incorrect CR placement

Question 10

Why should the hips and knees be flexed for an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the lumbar spine?

Accepted Answer

A) For patient comfort 
B) To reduce the lumbar curvature 
C) To demonstrate any possible spondylolisthesis 
D) Both A and B 
A) For patient comfort 
B) To reduce the lumbar curvature 
C) To demonstrate any possible spondylolisthesis 
D) Both A and B

Question 11

What is the joint classification of the zygapophyseal joints?

Accepted Answer

A) Cartilaginous/amphiarthrodial 
B) Synovial/diarthrodial 
C) Fibrous/synarthrodial 
D) Symphyses/amphiarthrodial 
A) Cartilaginous/amphiarthrodial 
B) Synovial/diarthrodial 
C) Fibrous/synarthrodial 
D) Symphyses/amphiarthrodial

Question 12

Bone densitometry produces very little skin dose to the patient.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The average degree of rotation required to demonstrate the L3-4 zygapophyseal joints is:

Accepted Answer

A) 50°. 
B) 30°. 
C) 20° to 25°. 
D) 45°. 
A) 50°. 
B) 30°. 
C) 20° to 25°. 
D) 45°.

Question 14

Which of the following is a condition of unknown cause in which calcification of bony ridges between vertebrae occurs, creating a lack of mobility with a "bamboo" appearance?

Accepted Answer

A) Scheuermann disease 
B) Ankylosing spondylitis 
C) Spondylolisthesis 
D) Osteoblastic type of metastases 
A) Scheuermann disease 
B) Ankylosing spondylitis 
C) Spondylolisthesis 
D) Osteoblastic type of metastases

Question 15

What CR angle should be used for a lateral sacrum/coccyx projection?

Accepted Answer

A) 15° cephalad 
B) 30° cephalad 
C) None.CR is perpendicular to the image receptor. 
D) 10° cephalad 
A) 15° cephalad 
B) 30° cephalad 
C) None.CR is perpendicular to the image receptor. 
D) 10° cephalad

Question 16

Which of the following fractures is due to a hyperflexion force injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Compression 
B) Burst 
C) Chance 
D) Metastatic 
A) Compression 
B) Burst 
C) Chance 
D) Metastatic

Question 17

Which labeled structure is the pars interarticularis?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
E) E

Question 18

The AP and lateral projections for a pediatric scoliosis study should include the entire lumbar and thoracic spine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which aspect of the Scottie dog is the transverse process?

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 20

The zygapophyseal joints of the upper lumbar vertebrae are ____ in relationship to the midsagittal plane.

Accepted Answer

A) 30° 
B) 50° 
C) 45° 
D) 90° 
A) 30° 
B) 50° 
C) 45° 
D) 90°

The radiographic appearance on an oblique lumbar spine in which the neck of the Scottie dog appears broken suggests the presence of:

A radiograph of an AP axial sacrum reveals that it is foreshortened and the sacral foramina are not clearly seen.The patient was in an AP supine position, and the technologist angled the CR 5° to 7° cephalad.What specific positioning error is present on this radiograph?

The "nose" of the Scottie dog represents the spinous process of a lumbar vertebra.

An average of ____ segment(s) make up the adult coccyx.

The second projection for the Ferguson method of the scoliosis series requires that the concave side of the curve be built up 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) by placing blocks beneath the patient's foot.

If the waist is supported properly, an average-size patient does not require any CR angulation for the lateral lumbar spine projection.

Which labeled structure in the figure is the superior articular process?

A radiograph of a left posterior oblique (LPO) projection of the lumbar spine reveals that the downside pedicle is projected too far posterior on the vertebral body.What specific positioning error is present on this radiograph?

Why should the hips and knees be flexed for an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the lumbar spine?

What is the joint classification of the zygapophyseal joints?

Bone densitometry produces very little skin dose to the patient.

The average degree of rotation required to demonstrate the L3-4 zygapophyseal joints is:

Which of the following is a condition of unknown cause in which calcification of bony ridges between vertebrae occurs, creating a lack of mobility with a "bamboo" appearance?

What CR angle should be used for a lateral sacrum/coccyx projection?

Which of the following fractures is due to a hyperflexion force injury?

Which labeled structure is the pars interarticularis?

The AP and lateral projections for a pediatric scoliosis study should include the entire lumbar and thoracic spine.

Which aspect of the Scottie dog is the transverse process?

The zygapophyseal joints of the upper lumbar vertebrae are ____ in relationship to the midsagittal plane.

Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles

Chest

Abdomen

Upper Limb

Humerus and Shoulder Girdle

Lower Limb

Femur and Pelvic Girdle

Cervical and Thoracic Spine

Bony Thoraxsternum and Ribs

Cranium, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses

Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System

Lower Gi System

Urinary System and Venipuncture

Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography

Pediatric Radiography

Angiography and Interventional Procedures

Computed Tomography

Special Radiographic Procedures

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities

Filters

Exam 9: Lumbar Spine, Sacrum, and Coccyx

The radiographic appearance on an oblique lumbar spine in which the neck of the Scottie dog appears broken suggests the presence of:

A radiograph of an AP axial sacrum reveals that it is foreshortened and the sacral foramina are not clearly seen.The patient was in an AP supine position, and the technologist angled the CR 5° to 7° cephalad.What specific positioning error is present on this radiograph?

The "nose" of the Scottie dog represents the spinous process of a lumbar vertebra.

An average of ____ segment(s) make up the adult coccyx.

The second projection for the Ferguson method of the scoliosis series requires that the concave side of the curve be built up 3 to 4 inches (8 to 10 cm) by placing blocks beneath the patient's foot.

If the waist is supported properly, an average-size patient does not require any CR angulation for the lateral lumbar spine projection.

Which labeled structure in the figure is the superior articular process?

A radiograph of a left posterior oblique (LPO) projection of the lumbar spine reveals that the downside pedicle is projected too far posterior on the vertebral body.What specific positioning error is present on this radiograph?

Why should the hips and knees be flexed for an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the lumbar spine?

What is the joint classification of the zygapophyseal joints?

Bone densitometry produces very little skin dose to the patient.

The average degree of rotation required to demonstrate the L3-4 zygapophyseal joints is:

Which of the following is a condition of unknown cause in which calcification of bony ridges between vertebrae occurs, creating a lack of mobility with a "bamboo" appearance?

What CR angle should be used for a lateral sacrum/coccyx projection?

Which of the following fractures is due to a hyperflexion force injury?

Which labeled structure is the pars interarticularis?

The AP and lateral projections for a pediatric scoliosis study should include the entire lumbar and thoracic spine.

Which aspect of the Scottie dog is the transverse process?

The zygapophyseal joints of the upper lumbar vertebrae are ____ in relationship to the midsagittal plane.

Terminology, Positioning, and Imaging Principles

Chest

Abdomen

Upper Limb

Humerus and Shoulder Girdle

Lower Limb

Femur and Pelvic Girdle

Cervical and Thoracic Spine

Bony Thoraxsternum and Ribs

Cranium, Facial Bones, and Paranasal Sinuses

Biliary Tract and Upper Gastrointestinal System

Lower Gi System

Urinary System and Venipuncture

Trauma, Mobile, and Surgical Radiography

Pediatric Radiography

Angiography and Interventional Procedures

Computed Tomography

Special Radiographic Procedures

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Modalities

Filters