Question 1

Which of the following is a criterion in the diagnosis of SIRS?

Accepted Answer

A) Shock 
B) Ileus 
C) Bandemia 
D) Multiple trauma 
A) Shock 
B) Ileus 
C) Bandemia 
D) Multiple trauma C

Question 2

The adequacy of energy and protein intake after burn injury is best evaluated by

Accepted Answer

A) monitoring weight. 
B) using indirect calorimetry. 
C) monitoring wound healing and graft take. 
D) monitoring albumin level. 
A) monitoring weight. 
B) using indirect calorimetry. 
C) monitoring wound healing and graft take. 
D) monitoring albumin level. C

Question 3

Which of the following occurs during the ebb phase of injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Hypovolemic shock 
B) Release of catecholamines 
C) Increased metabolic rate 
D) Hyperglycemia 
A) Hypovolemic shock 
B) Release of catecholamines 
C) Increased metabolic rate 
D) Hyperglycemia A

Question 4

Which of the following statements is NOT true about cortisol?

Accepted Answer

A) It is released from the adrenal cortex. 
B) It accelerates skeletal muscle catabolism. 
C) It promotes acute-phase protein synthesis. 
D) It promotes hypoglycemia. 
A) It is released from the adrenal cortex. 
B) It accelerates skeletal muscle catabolism. 
C) It promotes acute-phase protein synthesis. 
D) It promotes hypoglycemia.

Question 5

What type of nutrition should be avoided in a SIRS patient?

Accepted Answer

A) Soluble fiber 
B) Insoluble fiber 
C) Omega-3 fat 
D) Polymeric 
A) Soluble fiber 
B) Insoluble fiber 
C) Omega-3 fat 
D) Polymeric

Question 6

What are interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor examples of?

Accepted Answer

A) Catecholamines 
B) Acute phase proteins 
C) Cytokines 
D) Antiinflammatory proteins 
A) Catecholamines 
B) Acute phase proteins 
C) Cytokines 
D) Antiinflammatory proteins

Question 7

Which of the following may have a role in supporting tight junctions between the intraepithelial cells in the gut?

Accepted Answer

A) Parenteral nutrition 
B) Positive nitrogen balance 
C) Gut rest 
D) Enteral feedings 
A) Parenteral nutrition 
B) Positive nitrogen balance 
C) Gut rest 
D) Enteral feedings

Question 8

Which hormone promotes the synthesis of acute-phase proteins?

Accepted Answer

A) Glucagon 
B) Cortisol 
C) Epinephrine 
D) ACTH 
A) Glucagon 
B) Cortisol 
C) Epinephrine 
D) ACTH

Question 9

In critically ill patients, what is the recommended range for maintaining serum glucose?

Accepted Answer

A) 120 to 150 mg/dl 
B) 150 to 200 mg/dl 
C) 80 to 110 mg/dl 
D) 150 to 180 mg/dl 
A) 120 to 150 mg/dl 
B) 150 to 200 mg/dl 
C) 80 to 110 mg/dl 
D) 150 to 180 mg/dl

Question 10

In surgical patients, what factor is the strongest predictor of postoperative mortality?

Accepted Answer

A) Extent of the primary disease and operation performed 
B) Serum albumin 
C) BMI 
D) Age 
A) Extent of the primary disease and operation performed 
B) Serum albumin 
C) BMI 
D) Age

Question 11

Which of the following should be the first emphasis of nutrition care immediately after a major burn injury?

Accepted Answer

A) Promote weight gain. 
B) Increase lean body mass and strength. 
C) Establish fluid and electrolyte balance. 
D) Promote a positive nitrogen balance. 
A) Promote weight gain. 
B) Increase lean body mass and strength. 
C) Establish fluid and electrolyte balance. 
D) Promote a positive nitrogen balance.

Question 12

Low albumin in a critically ill patient is caused by

Accepted Answer

A) inadequate protein intake. 
B) illness, injury, and inflammation. 
C) inadequate calorie intake. 
D) inadequate fluid intake. 
A) inadequate protein intake. 
B) illness, injury, and inflammation. 
C) inadequate calorie intake. 
D) inadequate fluid intake.

Question 13

Which mineral may be lost and need replacement in burn patients being treated with silver nitrate soaks?

Accepted Answer

A) Calcium 
B) Phosphorus 
C) Magnesium 
D) Zinc 
A) Calcium 
B) Phosphorus 
C) Magnesium 
D) Zinc

Question 14

A patient would be given enteral nutrition if the patient had

Accepted Answer

A) a high-output fistula. 
B) intractable vomiting. 
C) high doses of catecholamine agents. 
D) acute pancreatitis. 
A) a high-output fistula. 
B) intractable vomiting. 
C) high doses of catecholamine agents. 
D) acute pancreatitis.

Question 15

How does the gut hypothesis explain the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A) Injury or disruption of the gut barrier function allows bacterial translocation to occur. 
B) Active feeding of the gut promotes the migration of gut-associated lymphoid tissue. 
C) Bypassing feeding of the gut via parenteral nutrition promotes infection through open access to the blood system. 
D) Foodborne illness promotes absorption of foodborne pathogens, increasing infection. 
A) Injury or disruption of the gut barrier function allows bacterial translocation to occur. 
B) Active feeding of the gut promotes the migration of gut-associated lymphoid tissue. 
C) Bypassing feeding of the gut via parenteral nutrition promotes infection through open access to the blood system. 
D) Foodborne illness promotes absorption of foodborne pathogens, increasing infection.

Question 16

In contrast to stress, which of the following is a characteristic of starvation?

Accepted Answer

A) Increased resting energy expenditure 
B) Decreased energy expenditure 
C) Increased gluconeogenesis 
D) Increased nitrogen excretion 
A) Increased resting energy expenditure 
B) Decreased energy expenditure 
C) Increased gluconeogenesis 
D) Increased nitrogen excretion

Question 17

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) generally begins with

Accepted Answer

A) coagulopathy. 
B) lung failure. 
C) liver failure. 
D) intestinal failure. 
A) coagulopathy. 
B) lung failure. 
C) liver failure. 
D) intestinal failure.

Question 18

How deep is a second-degree burn?

Accepted Answer

A) Muscle 
B) Epidermis 
C) Dermis 
D) Subcutaneous tissue 
A) Muscle 
B) Epidermis 
C) Dermis 
D) Subcutaneous tissue

Question 19

Nutrition support cannot replete lean body mass

Accepted Answer

A) in starvation-related malnutrition. 
B) in patients with MODS and SIRS. 
C) in chronic disease-related malnutrition. 
D) after GI surgery. 
A) in starvation-related malnutrition. 
B) in patients with MODS and SIRS. 
C) in chronic disease-related malnutrition. 
D) after GI surgery.

Question 20

The preferred method for estimating energy needs in a hypermetabolic patient is

Accepted Answer

A) 25 to 30 kcal/kg. 
B) indirect calorimetry. 
C) the DRIs. 
D) nitrogen balance. 
A) 25 to 30 kcal/kg. 
B) indirect calorimetry. 
C) the DRIs. 
D) nitrogen balance.

Exam 38: Medical Nutrition Therapy in Critical Care

Which of the following is a criterion in the diagnosis of SIRS?

The adequacy of energy and protein intake after burn injury is best evaluated by

Which of the following occurs during the ebb phase of injury?

Which of the following statements is NOT true about cortisol?

What type of nutrition should be avoided in a SIRS patient?

What are interleukin-1, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor examples of?

Which of the following may have a role in supporting tight junctions between the intraepithelial cells in the gut?

Which hormone promotes the synthesis of acute-phase proteins?

In critically ill patients, what is the recommended range for maintaining serum glucose?

In surgical patients, what factor is the strongest predictor of postoperative mortality?

Which of the following should be the first emphasis of nutrition care immediately after a major burn injury?

Low albumin in a critically ill patient is caused by

Which mineral may be lost and need replacement in burn patients being treated with silver nitrate soaks?

A patient would be given enteral nutrition if the patient had

How does the gut hypothesis explain the development of systemic inflammatory response syndrome?

In contrast to stress, which of the following is a characteristic of starvation?

Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) generally begins with

How deep is a second-degree burn?

Nutrition support cannot replete lean body mass

The preferred method for estimating energy needs in a hypermetabolic patient is

Intake: Digestion, Absorption, Transport, and Excretion of Nutrients

Intake: Energy

Inflammation and the Pathophysiology of Chronic Disease

Intake: Analysis of the Diet

Clinical: Nutritional Genomics

Clinical: Water, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance

Clinical: Biochemical, Physical, and Functional Assessment

Clinical: Food-Drug Interactions

Behavioral-Environmental: the Individual in the Community

Overview of Nutrition Diagnosis and Intervention

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Diet Guidelines, Nutrient Standards, and Cultural Competence

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Complementary and Integrative Medicine and Dietary Supplementation

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Nutrition Support

Education and Counseling: Behavioral Change

Nutrition for Reproductive Health and Lactation

Nutrition in Infancy

Nutrition in Childhood

Nutrition in Adolescence

Nutrition in the Adult Years

Nutrition in Aging

Nutrition in Weight Management

Nutrition in Eating Disorders

Nutrition in Exercise and Sports Performance

Nutrition and Bone Health

Nutrition for Oral and Dental Health

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Adverse Reactions to Food: Allergies and Intolerances

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia of Nondiabetic Origin

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Thyroid, Adrenal, and Other Endocrine Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Anemia

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Pulmonary Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Renal Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cancer Prevention, Treatment, and Survivorship

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Hiv and Aids

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Rheumatic Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Neurologic Disorders

Mnt in Psychiatric and Cognitive Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Genetic Metabolic Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

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