Question 1

What is the primary source of energy for exercise of low to moderate intensity?

Accepted Answer

A) Fatty acids 
B) Glycogen 
C) Amino acids 
D) Glycerol 
A) Fatty acids 
B) Glycogen 
C) Amino acids 
D) Glycerol A

Question 2

How does intensity of the exercise affect the use of fuel sources?

Accepted Answer

A) As intensity decreases, carbohydrate is the larger fraction of the energy source. 
B) As intensity increases, fatty acids are the larger fraction of the energy source. 
C) As intensity increases, carbohydrate is the larger fraction of the energy source. 
D) As intensity decreases, fatty acids are the larger fraction of the energy source. 
A) As intensity decreases, carbohydrate is the larger fraction of the energy source. 
B) As intensity increases, fatty acids are the larger fraction of the energy source. 
C) As intensity increases, carbohydrate is the larger fraction of the energy source. 
D) As intensity decreases, fatty acids are the larger fraction of the energy source. C

Question 3

How much protein should be consumed daily by athletes in strength training?

Accepted Answer

A) 0.8 to 1 g/kg 
B) 1 to 1.5 g/kg 
C) 1.2 to 2 g/kg 
D) 2 to 3 g/kg 
A) 0.8 to 1 g/kg 
B) 1 to 1.5 g/kg 
C) 1.2 to 2 g/kg 
D) 2 to 3 g/kg C

Question 4

Athletes need to increase their water intake to

Accepted Answer

A) enhance renal excretion of waste products from muscle activity. 
B) improve intestinal absorption of nutrients after digestion. 
C) maintain water balance in the body as a whole and within cells. 
D) increase skin evaporation of water as a cooling mechanism. 
A) enhance renal excretion of waste products from muscle activity. 
B) improve intestinal absorption of nutrients after digestion. 
C) maintain water balance in the body as a whole and within cells. 
D) increase skin evaporation of water as a cooling mechanism.

Question 5

A daily intake of less than one-third of the RDA for thiamin, riboflavin, B₆, and vitamin C can lead to a significant decrease in

Accepted Answer

A) muscle tone. 
B) glutathione peroxidase. 
C) antioxidant levels. 
D) VO2 max. 
A) muscle tone. 
B) glutathione peroxidase. 
C) antioxidant levels. 
D) VO2 max.

Question 6

What is the first source of glucose for the exercising muscle?

Accepted Answer

A) Blood glucose 
B) Liver glycogen 
C) Muscle glycogen 
D) Muscle protein 
A) Blood glucose 
B) Liver glycogen 
C) Muscle glycogen 
D) Muscle protein

Question 7

Which of the following is a potential androgenic effect of taking steroids?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreased body fat 
B) Increased libido 
C) Changes in genital size 
D) Vocal cord changes 
A) Decreased body fat 
B) Increased libido 
C) Changes in genital size 
D) Vocal cord changes

Question 8

Which of the following best characterizes the role of iron in exercise?

Accepted Answer

A) Low serum ferritin levels can have a detrimental effect on exercise performance. 
B) Exercise performance is affected only in cases of severe iron deficiency anemia. 
C) Mild iron deficiency has no detrimental effects. 
D) Iron plays no significant role in muscle activity. 
A) Low serum ferritin levels can have a detrimental effect on exercise performance. 
B) Exercise performance is affected only in cases of severe iron deficiency anemia. 
C) Mild iron deficiency has no detrimental effects. 
D) Iron plays no significant role in muscle activity.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of caffeine use as an ergogenic aid?

Accepted Answer

A) Enhances fatty acid mobilization 
B) Facilitates calcium transport in muscle contractility 
C) Reduces fatigue by reducing plasma potassium accumulation 
D) Cleanses out metabolic end products by promoting diuresis 
A) Enhances fatty acid mobilization 
B) Facilitates calcium transport in muscle contractility 
C) Reduces fatigue by reducing plasma potassium accumulation 
D) Cleanses out metabolic end products by promoting diuresis

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT involved in the anaerobic production of ATP through the lactic acid pathway?

Accepted Answer

A) Pyruvic acid 
B) Creatine phosphate 
C) Nicotinic acid dehydrogenase 
D) Adenosine diphosphate 
A) Pyruvic acid 
B) Creatine phosphate 
C) Nicotinic acid dehydrogenase 
D) Adenosine diphosphate

Question 11

Which of the following molecules is required in mitochondria of muscle cells to use fatty acids as energy resources?

Accepted Answer

A) Carbon dioxide 
B) Acetyl CoA 
C) Myoglobin 
D) Lactic acid 
A) Carbon dioxide 
B) Acetyl CoA 
C) Myoglobin 
D) Lactic acid

Question 12

________ can be the result of inappropriately low fluid replacement after athletic competition.

Accepted Answer

A) Impaired thermoregulation 
B) Decreased calcium levels and fatigue 
C) Cerebral edema and bradycardia 
D) Diuresis and osmotic diarrhea 
A) Impaired thermoregulation 
B) Decreased calcium levels and fatigue 
C) Cerebral edema and bradycardia 
D) Diuresis and osmotic diarrhea

Question 13

During extended physical activity, such as endurance events, the major fuels used for cellular energy are

Accepted Answer

A) glucose and fatty acids. 
B) glycogen and ketones. 
C) amino acids and fatty acids. 
D) glucose and ketones. 
A) glucose and fatty acids. 
B) glycogen and ketones. 
C) amino acids and fatty acids. 
D) glucose and ketones.

Question 14

A desirable pre-event meal 3 to 4 hours before competition is one that provides

Accepted Answer

A) high fiber and vitamin content. 
B) 200 to 350 g of carbohydrate and is low in fat. 
C) an equal mix of protein and carbohydrate. 
D) 200 to 350 g of protein and fat and is low in carbohydrate. 
A) high fiber and vitamin content. 
B) 200 to 350 g of carbohydrate and is low in fat. 
C) an equal mix of protein and carbohydrate. 
D) 200 to 350 g of protein and fat and is low in carbohydrate.

Question 15

Which of the following activities relies heavily on the anaerobic pathway in muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A) Jogging 
B) Sprinting 
C) Hiking 
D) Dancing 
A) Jogging 
B) Sprinting 
C) Hiking 
D) Dancing

Question 16

For athletes participating in events lasting more than 1 hour, what can a pre-event high-carbohydrate intake do?

Accepted Answer

A) It can cause hyperglycemia. 
B) It can increase muscle glycogen stores. 
C) It can cause hypotension. 
D) It can improve strength during an event. 
A) It can cause hyperglycemia. 
B) It can increase muscle glycogen stores. 
C) It can cause hypotension. 
D) It can improve strength during an event.

Question 17

Carbohydrate intake immediately after a training session is important because

Accepted Answer

A) energy stores are depleted. 
B) carbohydrate is needed to reverse the feeling of fatigue. 
C) hypoglycemia is a common end result of prolonged exercise. 
D) the most effective glycogen replacement occurs after a training session. 
A) energy stores are depleted. 
B) carbohydrate is needed to reverse the feeling of fatigue. 
C) hypoglycemia is a common end result of prolonged exercise. 
D) the most effective glycogen replacement occurs after a training session.

Question 18

Which of the following pathways is NOT used to generate energy in muscle cells during any type of exercise?

Accepted Answer

A) Glycogenolysis 
B) Gluconeogenesis 
C) Glycolysis 
D) Beta oxidation 
A) Glycogenolysis 
B) Gluconeogenesis 
C) Glycolysis 
D) Beta oxidation

Question 19

Which of the following ergogenic aids is used to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity to increase VO₂ max and endurance?

Accepted Answer

A) Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HM
B)  
B) Iron supplements 
C) Steroids 
D) Erythropoietin (EPO) 
A) Beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HM
B)  
B) Iron supplements 
C) Steroids 
D) Erythropoietin (EPO)

Exam 23: Nutrition in Exercise and Sports Performance

What is the primary source of energy for exercise of low to moderate intensity?

How does intensity of the exercise affect the use of fuel sources?

How much protein should be consumed daily by athletes in strength training?

Athletes need to increase their water intake to

A daily intake of less than one-third of the RDA for thiamin, riboflavin, B₆, and vitamin C can lead to a significant decrease in

What is the first source of glucose for the exercising muscle?

Which of the following is a potential androgenic effect of taking steroids?

Which of the following best characterizes the role of iron in exercise?

Which of the following is NOT one of the benefits of caffeine use as an ergogenic aid?

Which of the following is NOT involved in the anaerobic production of ATP through the lactic acid pathway?

Which of the following molecules is required in mitochondria of muscle cells to use fatty acids as energy resources?

________ can be the result of inappropriately low fluid replacement after athletic competition.

During extended physical activity, such as endurance events, the major fuels used for cellular energy are

A desirable pre-event meal 3 to 4 hours before competition is one that provides

Which of the following activities relies heavily on the anaerobic pathway in muscle cells?

For athletes participating in events lasting more than 1 hour, what can a pre-event high-carbohydrate intake do?

Carbohydrate intake immediately after a training session is important because

Which of the following pathways is NOT used to generate energy in muscle cells during any type of exercise?

Which of the following ergogenic aids is used to increase the oxygen-carrying capacity to increase VO₂ max and endurance?

Intake: Digestion, Absorption, Transport, and Excretion of Nutrients

Intake: Energy

Inflammation and the Pathophysiology of Chronic Disease

Intake: Analysis of the Diet

Clinical: Nutritional Genomics

Clinical: Water, Electrolytes, and Acid-Base Balance

Clinical: Biochemical, Physical, and Functional Assessment

Clinical: Food-Drug Interactions

Behavioral-Environmental: the Individual in the Community

Overview of Nutrition Diagnosis and Intervention

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Diet Guidelines, Nutrient Standards, and Cultural Competence

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Complementary and Integrative Medicine and Dietary Supplementation

Food and Nutrient Delivery: Nutrition Support

Education and Counseling: Behavioral Change

Nutrition for Reproductive Health and Lactation

Nutrition in Infancy

Nutrition in Childhood

Nutrition in Adolescence

Nutrition in the Adult Years

Nutrition in Aging

Nutrition in Weight Management

Nutrition in Eating Disorders

Nutrition and Bone Health

Nutrition for Oral and Dental Health

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Adverse Reactions to Food: Allergies and Intolerances

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Diabetes Mellitus and Hypoglycemia of Nondiabetic Origin

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Thyroid, Adrenal, and Other Endocrine Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Anemia

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cardiovascular Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Pulmonary Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Renal Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Cancer Prevention, Treatment, and Survivorship

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Hiv and Aids

Medical Nutrition Therapy in Critical Care

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Rheumatic Disease

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Neurologic Disorders

Mnt in Psychiatric and Cognitive Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Low-Birth-Weight Infants

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Genetic Metabolic Disorders

Medical Nutrition Therapy for Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities

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