Question 1

Therapeutic management of the child with acute diarrhea and dehydration usually begins with what intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clear liquids 
B)  Adsorbents such as kaolin and pectin 
C)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
D)  Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric 
A)  Clear liquids 
B)  Adsorbents such as kaolin and pectin 
C)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
D)  Antidiarrheal medications such as paregoric

Question 2

An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor,sunken fontanel,lethargy,and tachycardia.This is suggestive of which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  Overhydration 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Sodium excess 
D)  Calcium excess 
A)  Overhydration 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Sodium excess 
D)  Calcium excess

Question 3

A young child is brought to the emergency department with severe dehydration secondary to acute diarrhea and vomiting.Therapeutic management of this child will begin with which intervention?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intravenous fluids 
B)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
C)  Clear liquids, 1 to 2 ounces at a time 
D)  Administration of antidiarrheal medication 
A)  Intravenous fluids 
B)  Oral rehydration solution (ORS) 
C)  Clear liquids, 1 to 2 ounces at a time 
D)  Administration of antidiarrheal medication

Question 4

What is used to treat moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antacids 
B)  Antibiotics 
C)  Corticosteroids 
D)  Antidiarrheal medications 
A)  Antacids 
B)  Antibiotics 
C)  Corticosteroids 
D)  Antidiarrheal medications

Question 5

A mother who intended to breastfeed has given birth to an infant with a cleft palate.Which nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Giving medication to suppress lactation. 
B)  Encouraging and helping mother to breastfeed. 
C)  Teaching mother to feed breast milk by gavage. 
D)  Recommending use of a breast pump to maintain lactation until infant can suck. 
A)  Giving medication to suppress lactation. 
B)  Encouraging and helping mother to breastfeed. 
C)  Teaching mother to feed breast milk by gavage. 
D)  Recommending use of a breast pump to maintain lactation until infant can suck.

Question 6

Which type of hernia has an impaired blood supply to the herniated organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hiatal hernia 
B)  Incarcerated hernia 
C)  Omphalocele 
D)  Strangulated hernia 
A)  Hiatal hernia 
B)  Incarcerated hernia 
C)  Omphalocele 
D)  Strangulated hernia

Question 7

The nurse is preparing to care for an infant returning from pyloromyotomy surgery.Which prescribed orders should the nurse anticipate implementing? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Nothing by mouth for 24 hours 
B)  Administration of analgesics for pain 
C)  Ice bag to the incisional area 
D)  Intravenous (IV) fluids continued until tolerating fluids by mouth 
E)  Clear liquids as the first feeding 
A)  Nothing by mouth for 24 hours 
B)  Administration of analgesics for pain 
C)  Ice bag to the incisional area 
D)  Intravenous (IV) fluids continued until tolerating fluids by mouth 
E)  Clear liquids as the first feeding

Question 8

A 4-month-old infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)is thriving without other complications.What should the nurse suggest to minimize reflux?

Accepted Answer

A)  Place in Trendelenburg position after eating. 
B)  Thicken formula with rice cereal. 
C)  Give continuous nasogastric tube feedings. 
D)  Give larger, less frequent feedings. 
A)  Place in Trendelenburg position after eating. 
B)  Thicken formula with rice cereal. 
C)  Give continuous nasogastric tube feedings. 
D)  Give larger, less frequent feedings.

Question 9

What is a common cause of acute diarrhea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hirschsprung's disease 
B)  Antibiotic therapy 
C)  Hypothyroidism 
D)  Meconium ileus 
A)  Hirschsprung's disease 
B)  Antibiotic therapy 
C)  Hypothyroidism 
D)  Meconium ileus

Question 10

The best chance of survival for a child with cirrhosis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  liver transplantation. 
B)  treatment with corticosteroids. 
C)  treatment with immune globulin. 
D)  provision of nutritional support. 
A)  liver transplantation. 
B)  treatment with corticosteroids. 
C)  treatment with immune globulin. 
D)  provision of nutritional support.

Question 11

The viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Giardia organisms. 
B)  Shigella organisms. 
C)  Rotavirus. 
D)  Salmonella organisms. 
A)  Giardia organisms. 
B)  Shigella organisms. 
C)  Rotavirus. 
D)  Salmonella organisms.

Question 12

Which clinical manifestation would most suggest acute appendicitis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rebound tenderness 
B)  Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding 
C)  Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating 
D)  Abdominal pain that is most intense at McBurney point 
A)  Rebound tenderness 
B)  Bright red or dark red rectal bleeding 
C)  Abdominal pain that is relieved by eating 
D)  Abdominal pain that is most intense at McBurney point

Question 13

The nurse,caring for an infant whose cleft lip was repaired,should include which interventions into the infant's postoperative plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Postural drainage 
B)  Petroleum jelly to the suture line 
C)  Elbow restraints 
D)  Supine and side-lying positions 
E)  Mouth irrigations 
A)  Postural drainage 
B)  Petroleum jelly to the suture line 
C)  Elbow restraints 
D)  Supine and side-lying positions 
E)  Mouth irrigations

Question 14

Bismuth subsalicylate may be prescribed for a child with a peptic ulcer to effect what result?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eradicate Helicobacter pylori 
B)  Coat gastric mucosa 
C)  Treat epigastric pain 
D)  Reduce gastric acid production 
A)  Eradicate Helicobacter pylori 
B)  Coat gastric mucosa 
C)  Treat epigastric pain 
D)  Reduce gastric acid production

Question 15

Careful hand washing before and after contact can prevent the spread of which condition in day care and school settings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Irritable bowel syndrome 
B)  Ulcerative colitis 
C)  Hepatic cirrhosis 
D)  Hepatitis A 
A)  Irritable bowel syndrome 
B)  Ulcerative colitis 
C)  Hepatic cirrhosis 
D)  Hepatitis A

Question 16

Nurses must be alert for increased fluid requirements when a child presents with which possible concern?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fever 
B)  Mechanical ventilation 
C)  Congestive heart failure 
D)  Increased intracranial pressure (ICP) 
A)  Fever 
B)  Mechanical ventilation 
C)  Congestive heart failure 
D)  Increased intracranial pressure (ICP)

Question 17

When caring for a child with probable appendicitis,the nurse should be alert to recognize what sign of perforation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Anorexia 
C)  Sudden relief from pain 
D)  Decreased abdominal distention 
A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Anorexia 
C)  Sudden relief from pain 
D)  Decreased abdominal distention

Question 18

Which statement is most descriptive of Meckel's diverticulum?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is more common in females than in males. 
B)  It is acquired during childhood. 
C)  Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse. 
D)  Medical interventions are usually sufficient to treat the problem. 
A)  It is more common in females than in males. 
B)  It is acquired during childhood. 
C)  Intestinal bleeding may be mild or profuse. 
D)  Medical interventions are usually sufficient to treat the problem.

Question 19

What is the most appropriate nursing action when a child with a probable intussusception has a normal,brown stool?

Accepted Answer

A)  Notify the practitioner 
B)  Measure abdominal girth 
C)  Auscultate for bowel sounds 
D)  Take vital signs, including blood pressure 
A)  Notify the practitioner 
B)  Measure abdominal girth 
C)  Auscultate for bowel sounds 
D)  Take vital signs, including blood pressure

Exam 41: The Child With Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

Therapeutic management of the child with acute diarrhea and dehydration usually begins with what intervention?

An infant is brought to the emergency department with poor skin turgor,sunken fontanel,lethargy,and tachycardia.This is suggestive of which condition?

A young child is brought to the emergency department with severe dehydration secondary to acute diarrhea and vomiting.Therapeutic management of this child will begin with which intervention?

What is used to treat moderate-to-severe inflammatory bowel disease?

A mother who intended to breastfeed has given birth to an infant with a cleft palate.Which nursing interventions should be included in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Which type of hernia has an impaired blood supply to the herniated organ?

The nurse is preparing to care for an infant returning from pyloromyotomy surgery.Which prescribed orders should the nurse anticipate implementing? (Select all that apply.)

A 4-month-old infant diagnosed with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)is thriving without other complications.What should the nurse suggest to minimize reflux?

What is a common cause of acute diarrhea?

The best chance of survival for a child with cirrhosis is:

The viral pathogen that frequently causes acute diarrhea in young children is:

Which clinical manifestation would most suggest acute appendicitis?

The nurse,caring for an infant whose cleft lip was repaired,should include which interventions into the infant's postoperative plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

Bismuth subsalicylate may be prescribed for a child with a peptic ulcer to effect what result?

Careful hand washing before and after contact can prevent the spread of which condition in day care and school settings?

Nurses must be alert for increased fluid requirements when a child presents with which possible concern?

When caring for a child with probable appendicitis,the nurse should be alert to recognize what sign of perforation?

Which statement is most descriptive of Meckel's diverticulum?

What is the most appropriate nursing action when a child with a probable intussusception has a normal,brown stool?

21st Century Maternity Nursing

The Family, culture, spirituality, and Home Care

Assessment and Health Promotion

Reproductive System Concerns

Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

Nursing Care of the Family During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Assessment of High-Risk Pregnancy

High-Risk Perinatal Care: Preexisting Conditions

High-Risk Perinatal Care: Gestational Conditions

Labor and Birth Processes

Maximizing Comfort for the Laboring Woman

Fetal Assessment During Labor

Nursing Care of the Family During Labor and Birth

Labor and Birth Complications

Postpartum Physiologic Changes

Nursing Care of the Family During the Postpartum Period

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiologic and Behavioral Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn and Family

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

The High-Risk Newborn

21st Century Pediatric Nursing

Family, social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Impact of Chronic Illness, disability, or End-Of-Life Care for the Child and Family

Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

The Child With Respiratory Dysfunction

The Child With Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The Child With Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child With Cancer

The Child With Genitourinary Dysfunction

The Child With Cerebral Dysfunction

The Child With Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child With Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

The Child With Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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