Question 1

The nurse must be cognizant that an individual's genetic makeup is known as his or her:

Accepted Answer

A)  genotype. 
B)  phenotype. 
C)  karyotype. 
D)  chromotype. 
A)  genotype. 
B)  phenotype. 
C)  karyotype. 
D)  chromotype. A

Question 2

Which congenital malformations result from multifactorial inheritance? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Cleft lip 
B)  Congenital heart disease 
C)  Cri du chat syndrome 
D)  Anencephaly 
E)  Pyloric stenosis 
A)  Cleft lip 
B)  Congenital heart disease 
C)  Cri du chat syndrome 
D)  Anencephaly 
E)  Pyloric stenosis A,B,D,E

Question 3

A woman's cousin gave birth to an infant with a congenital heart anomaly.The woman asks the nurse when such anomalies occur during development.Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

A)  "We don't really know when such defects occur." 
B)  "It depends on what caused the defect." 
C)  "They occur between the third and fifth weeks of development." 
D)  "They usually occur in the first 2 weeks of development." 
A)  "We don't really know when such defects occur." 
B)  "It depends on what caused the defect." 
C)  "They occur between the third and fifth weeks of development." 
D)  "They usually occur in the first 2 weeks of development." C

Question 4

The most basic information a maternity nurse should have concerning conception is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  ova are considered fertile 48 to 72 hours after ovulation. 
B)  sperm remain viable in the woman's reproductive system for an average of 12 to 24 hours. 
C)  conception is achieved when a sperm successfully penetrates the membrane surrounding the ovum. 
D)  implantation in the endometrium occurs 6 to 10 days after conception. 
A)  ova are considered fertile 48 to 72 hours after ovulation. 
B)  sperm remain viable in the woman's reproductive system for an average of 12 to 24 hours. 
C)  conception is achieved when a sperm successfully penetrates the membrane surrounding the ovum. 
D)  implantation in the endometrium occurs 6 to 10 days after conception.

Question 5

The nurse caring for a pregnant patient knows that her health teaching regarding fetal circulation has been effective when the patient reports that she has been sleeping:

Accepted Answer

A)  in a side-lying position. 
B)  on her back with a pillow under her knees. 
C)  with the head of the bed elevated. 
D)  on her abdomen. 
A)  in a side-lying position. 
B)  on her back with a pillow under her knees. 
C)  with the head of the bed elevated. 
D)  on her abdomen.

Question 6

With regard to the estimation and interpretation of the recurrence of risks for genetic disorders,nurses should be aware that:

Accepted Answer

A)  with a dominant disorder, the likelihood of the second child also having the condition is 100%. 
B)  an autosomal recessive disease carries a one in eight risk of the second child also having the disorder. 
C)  disorders involving maternal ingestion of drugs carry a one in four chance of being repeated in the second child. 
D)  the risk factor remains the same no matter how many affected children are already in the family. 
A)  with a dominant disorder, the likelihood of the second child also having the condition is 100%. 
B)  an autosomal recessive disease carries a one in eight risk of the second child also having the disorder. 
C)  disorders involving maternal ingestion of drugs carry a one in four chance of being repeated in the second child. 
D)  the risk factor remains the same no matter how many affected children are already in the family.

Question 7

A woman who is 8 months pregnant asks the nurse,"Does my baby have any antibodies to fight infection?" The most appropriate response by the nurse is:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Your baby has all the immune globulins necessary: IgG, IgM, and IgA." 
B)  "Your baby won't receive any antibodies until he/she is born and you breastfeed him." 
C)  "Your baby does not have any antibodies to fight infection." 
D)  "Your baby has IgG and IgM." 
A)  "Your baby has all the immune globulins necessary: IgG, IgM, and IgA." 
B)  "Your baby won't receive any antibodies until he/she is born and you breastfeed him." 
C)  "Your baby does not have any antibodies to fight infection." 
D)  "Your baby has IgG and IgM."

Question 8

A maternity nurse should be aware of which fact about the amniotic fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  It serves as a source of oral fluid and a repository for waste from the fetus. 
B)  The volume remains about the same throughout the term of a healthy pregnancy. 
C)  A volume of less than 300 mL is associated with gastrointestinal malformations. 
D)  A volume of more than 2 L is associated with fetal renal abnormalities. 
A)  It serves as a source of oral fluid and a repository for waste from the fetus. 
B)  The volume remains about the same throughout the term of a healthy pregnancy. 
C)  A volume of less than 300 mL is associated with gastrointestinal malformations. 
D)  A volume of more than 2 L is associated with fetal renal abnormalities.

Question 9

The nurse is providing genetic counseling for an expectant couple who already have a child with trisomy 18.The nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A)  tell the couple they need to have an abortion within 2 to 3 weeks. 
B)  explain that the fetus has a 50% chance of having the disorder. 
C)  discuss options with the couple, including amniocentesis to determine whether the fetus is affected. 
D)  refer the couple to a psychologist for emotional support. 
A)  tell the couple they need to have an abortion within 2 to 3 weeks. 
B)  explain that the fetus has a 50% chance of having the disorder. 
C)  discuss options with the couple, including amniocentesis to determine whether the fetus is affected. 
D)  refer the couple to a psychologist for emotional support.

Question 10

As relates to the structure and function of the placenta,the maternity nurse should be aware that:

Accepted Answer

A)  as the placenta widens, it gradually thins to allow easier passage of air and nutrients. 
B)  as one of its early functions, the placenta acts as an endocrine gland. 
C)  the placenta is able to keep out most potentially toxic substances such as cigarette smoke to which the mother is exposed. 
D)  optimal blood circulation is achieved through the placenta when the woman is lying on her back or standing. 
A)  as the placenta widens, it gradually thins to allow easier passage of air and nutrients. 
B)  as one of its early functions, the placenta acts as an endocrine gland. 
C)  the placenta is able to keep out most potentially toxic substances such as cigarette smoke to which the mother is exposed. 
D)  optimal blood circulation is achieved through the placenta when the woman is lying on her back or standing.

Question 11

A woman asks the nurse,"What protects my baby's umbilical cord from being squashed while the baby's inside of me?" The nurse's best response is:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Your baby's umbilical cord is surrounded by connective tissue called Wharton jelly, which prevents compression of the blood vessels and ensures continued nourishment of your baby." 
B)  "Your baby's umbilical floats around in blood anyway." 
C)  "You don't need to worry about things like that." 
D)  "The umbilical cord is a group of blood vessels that are very well protected by the placenta." 
A)  "Your baby's umbilical cord is surrounded by connective tissue called Wharton jelly, which prevents compression of the blood vessels and ensures continued nourishment of your baby." 
B)  "Your baby's umbilical floats around in blood anyway." 
C)  "You don't need to worry about things like that." 
D)  "The umbilical cord is a group of blood vessels that are very well protected by the placenta."

Question 12

Congenital disorders refer to conditions that are present at birth.These disorders may be inherited and caused by environmental factors or maternal malnutrition.Toxic exposures have the greatest effect on development between 15 and 60 days of gestation.For the nurse to be able to conduct a complete assessment of the newly pregnant patient,she should understand the significance of exposure to known human teratogens.These include: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  infections. 
B)  radiation. 
C)  maternal conditions. 
D)  drugs. 
E)  chemicals.
F)None of above 
A)  infections. 
B)  radiation. 
C)  maternal conditions. 
D)  drugs. 
E)  chemicals.
F)None of above

Question 13

The nurse caring for the laboring woman should know that meconium is produced by:

Accepted Answer

A)  fetal intestines. 
B)  fetal kidneys. 
C)  amniotic fluid. 
D)  the placenta. 
A)  fetal intestines. 
B)  fetal kidneys. 
C)  amniotic fluid. 
D)  the placenta.

Question 14

Along with gas exchange and nutrient transfer,the placenta produces many hormones necessary for normal pregnancy.These include: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). 
B)  insulin. 
C)  estrogen. 
D)  progesterone. 
E)  testosterone. 
A)  human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). 
B)  insulin. 
C)  estrogen. 
D)  progesterone. 
E)  testosterone.

Question 15

Many parents-to-be have questions about multiple births.Maternity nurses should be able to tell them that:

Accepted Answer

A)  twinning and other multiple births are increasing because of the use of fertility drugs and delayed childbearing. 
B)  dizygotic twins (two fertilized ova) have the potential to be conjoined twins. 
C)  identical twins are more common in white families. 
D)  fraternal twins are same gender, usually male. 
A)  twinning and other multiple births are increasing because of the use of fertility drugs and delayed childbearing. 
B)  dizygotic twins (two fertilized ova) have the potential to be conjoined twins. 
C)  identical twins are more common in white families. 
D)  fraternal twins are same gender, usually male.

Question 16

With regard to prenatal genetic testing,nurses should be aware that:

Accepted Answer

A)  maternal serum screening can determine whether a pregnant woman is at risk of carrying a fetus with Down syndrome. 
B)  carrier screening tests look for gene mutations of people already showing symptoms of a disease. 
C)  predisposition testing predicts with near certainty that symptoms will appear. 
D)  presymptomatic testing is used to predict the likelihood of breast cancer. 
A)  maternal serum screening can determine whether a pregnant woman is at risk of carrying a fetus with Down syndrome. 
B)  carrier screening tests look for gene mutations of people already showing symptoms of a disease. 
C)  predisposition testing predicts with near certainty that symptoms will appear. 
D)  presymptomatic testing is used to predict the likelihood of breast cancer.

Question 17

Sally comes in for her first prenatal examination.This is her first child.She asks you (the nurse),"How does my baby get air inside my uterus?" The correct response is:

Accepted Answer

A)  "The baby's lungs work in utero to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide." 
B)  "The baby absorbs oxygen from your blood system." 
C)  "The placenta provides oxygen to the baby and excretes carbon dioxide into your bloodstream." 
D)  "The placenta delivers oxygen-rich blood through the umbilical artery to the baby's abdomen." 
A)  "The baby's lungs work in utero to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide." 
B)  "The baby absorbs oxygen from your blood system." 
C)  "The placenta provides oxygen to the baby and excretes carbon dioxide into your bloodstream." 
D)  "The placenta delivers oxygen-rich blood through the umbilical artery to the baby's abdomen."

Question 18

With regard to chromosome abnormalities,nurses should be aware that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they occur in approximately 10% of newborns. 
B)  abnormalities of number are the leading cause of pregnancy loss. 
C)  Down syndrome is a result of an abnormal chromosome structure. 
D)  unbalanced translocation results in a mild abnormality that the child will outgrow. 
A)  they occur in approximately 10% of newborns. 
B)  abnormalities of number are the leading cause of pregnancy loss. 
C)  Down syndrome is a result of an abnormal chromosome structure. 
D)  unbalanced translocation results in a mild abnormality that the child will outgrow.

Question 19

With regard to the development of the respiratory system,maternity nurses should understand that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the respiratory system does not begin developing until after the embryonic stage. 
B)  the infant's lungs are considered mature when the lecithin/sphingomyelin [L/S] ratio is 1:1, at about 32 weeks. 
C)  maternal hypertension can reduce maternal-placental blood flow, accelerating lung maturity. 
D)  fetal respiratory movements are not visible on ultrasound scans until at least 16 weeks. 
A)  the respiratory system does not begin developing until after the embryonic stage. 
B)  the infant's lungs are considered mature when the lecithin/sphingomyelin [L/S] ratio is 1:1, at about 32 weeks. 
C)  maternal hypertension can reduce maternal-placental blood flow, accelerating lung maturity. 
D)  fetal respiratory movements are not visible on ultrasound scans until at least 16 weeks.

Question 20

A new mother asks the nurse about the "white substance" covering her infant.The nurse explains that the purpose of vernix caseosa is to:

Accepted Answer

A)  protect the fetal skin from amniotic fluid. 
B)  promote normal peripheral nervous system development. 
C)  allow transport of oxygen and nutrients across the amnion. 
D)  regulate fetal temperature. 
A)  protect the fetal skin from amniotic fluid. 
B)  promote normal peripheral nervous system development. 
C)  allow transport of oxygen and nutrients across the amnion. 
D)  regulate fetal temperature.

Exam 6: Genetics, conception, and Fetal Development

The nurse must be cognizant that an individual's genetic makeup is known as his or her:

Which congenital malformations result from multifactorial inheritance? (Select all that apply.)

A woman's cousin gave birth to an infant with a congenital heart anomaly.The woman asks the nurse when such anomalies occur during development.Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

The most basic information a maternity nurse should have concerning conception is that:

The nurse caring for a pregnant patient knows that her health teaching regarding fetal circulation has been effective when the patient reports that she has been sleeping:

With regard to the estimation and interpretation of the recurrence of risks for genetic disorders,nurses should be aware that:

A woman who is 8 months pregnant asks the nurse,"Does my baby have any antibodies to fight infection?" The most appropriate response by the nurse is:

A maternity nurse should be aware of which fact about the amniotic fluid?

The nurse is providing genetic counseling for an expectant couple who already have a child with trisomy 18.The nurse should:

As relates to the structure and function of the placenta,the maternity nurse should be aware that:

A woman asks the nurse,"What protects my baby's umbilical cord from being squashed while the baby's inside of me?" The nurse's best response is:

The nurse caring for the laboring woman should know that meconium is produced by:

Along with gas exchange and nutrient transfer,the placenta produces many hormones necessary for normal pregnancy.These include: (Select all that apply.)

Many parents-to-be have questions about multiple births.Maternity nurses should be able to tell them that:

With regard to prenatal genetic testing,nurses should be aware that:

Sally comes in for her first prenatal examination.This is her first child.She asks you (the nurse),"How does my baby get air inside my uterus?" The correct response is:

With regard to chromosome abnormalities,nurses should be aware that:

With regard to the development of the respiratory system,maternity nurses should understand that:

A new mother asks the nurse about the "white substance" covering her infant.The nurse explains that the purpose of vernix caseosa is to:

21st Century Maternity Nursing

The Family, culture, spirituality, and Home Care

Assessment and Health Promotion

Reproductive System Concerns

Infertility, contraception, and Abortion

Anatomy and Physiology of Pregnancy

Nursing Care of the Family During Pregnancy

Maternal and Fetal Nutrition

Assessment of High-Risk Pregnancy

High-Risk Perinatal Care: Preexisting Conditions

High-Risk Perinatal Care: Gestational Conditions

Labor and Birth Processes

Maximizing Comfort for the Laboring Woman

Fetal Assessment During Labor

Nursing Care of the Family During Labor and Birth

Labor and Birth Complications

Postpartum Physiologic Changes

Nursing Care of the Family During the Postpartum Period

Transition to Parenthood

Postpartum Complications

Physiologic and Behavioral Adaptations of the Newborn

Nursing Care of the Newborn and Family

Newborn Nutrition and Feeding

The High-Risk Newborn

21st Century Pediatric Nursing

Family, social, cultural, and Religious Influences on Child Health Promotion

Developmental and Genetic Influences on Child Health Promotion

Communication and Physical Assessment of the Child and Family

Pain Assessment and Management in Children

The Infant and Family

The Toddler and Family

The Preschooler and Family

The School-Age Child and Family

The Adolescent and Family

Impact of Chronic Illness, disability, or End-Of-Life Care for the Child and Family

Impact of Cognitive or Sensory Impairment on the Child and Family

Family-Centered Care of the Child During Illness and Hospitalization

Pediatric Variations of Nursing Interventions

The Child With Respiratory Dysfunction

The Child With Gastrointestinal Dysfunction

The Child With Cardiovascular Dysfunction

The Child With Hematologic or Immunologic Dysfunction

The Child With Cancer

The Child With Genitourinary Dysfunction

The Child With Cerebral Dysfunction

The Child With Endocrine Dysfunction

The Child With Musculoskeletal or Articular Dysfunction

The Child With Neuromuscular or Muscular Dysfunction

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