Question 1

Complex nutrients are digested and then absorbed into the lymph or bloodstream as

Accepted Answer

A) disaccharides. 
B) polymers. 
C) monomers. 
D) enzymes. 
E) peptides. 
A) disaccharides. 
B) polymers. 
C) monomers. 
D) enzymes. 
E) peptides.

Question 2

Digestive enzymes are not needed by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) bearded seal 
B) daffodil 
C) black Bear 
D) caterpillar 
E) rock python 
A) bearded seal 
B) daffodil 
C) black Bear 
D) caterpillar 
E) rock python

Question 3

Mouse mutations can affect an animal's appetite and eating habits. The ob gene codes for a satiety factor, the hormone leptin. The db gene product, the leptin receptor, is required to respond to the satiety factor.
-Leptin is a product of adipose cells. Therefore, a very obese mouse would be expected to have

Accepted Answer

A) increased gene expression of ob and decreased expression of db. 
B) increased gene expression of db and decreased expression of ob. 
C) decreased transcription of both ob and db. 
D) mutation of ob or db. 
A) increased gene expression of ob and decreased expression of db. 
B) increased gene expression of db and decreased expression of ob. 
C) decreased transcription of both ob and db. 
D) mutation of ob or db.

Question 4

In a well-fed human eating a Western diet, the richest source of stored chemical energy in the body is

Accepted Answer

A) fat in adipose tissue. 
B) glucose in the blood. 
C) protein in muscle cells. 
D) glycogen in muscle cells. 
E) calcium phosphate in bone. 
A) fat in adipose tissue. 
B) glucose in the blood. 
C) protein in muscle cells. 
D) glycogen in muscle cells. 
E) calcium phosphate in bone.

Question 5

Use the following information to answer the questions below.
You are an archaeologist and have found the well-preserved body of an unknown animal. It has large jaws with very jagged molars and sharp canines. After dissecting the animal, you observe that it has a comparatively small cecum.
-Which assumptions can you make about the animal's diet?

Accepted Answer

A) The animal was a carnivorous bulk feeder that rarely ate vegetation. 
B) The animal was a carnivorous filter feeder that rarely ate vegetation. 
C) The animal was an herbivorous bulk feeder that rarely ate meat. 
D) The animal was an herbivorous filter feeder that rarely ate meat. 
E) The animal was a carnivorous substrate feeder that often ate vegetation. 
A) The animal was a carnivorous bulk feeder that rarely ate vegetation. 
B) The animal was a carnivorous filter feeder that rarely ate vegetation. 
C) The animal was an herbivorous bulk feeder that rarely ate meat. 
D) The animal was an herbivorous filter feeder that rarely ate meat. 
E) The animal was a carnivorous substrate feeder that often ate vegetation.

Question 6

The fat-soluble vitamins include

Accepted Answer

A) vitamin A. 
B) vitamin B₁₂. 
C) vitamin C. 
D) iodine. 
E) calcium. 
A) vitamin A. 
B) vitamin B₁₂. 
C) vitamin C. 
D) iodine. 
E) calcium.

Question 7

For a nondiabetic person, the glucose concentration in this part of the vasculature varies more than in any other part.

Accepted Answer

A) abdominal artery 
B) coronary arteries 
C) pulmonary veins 
D) hepatic portal vessel 
E) jugular vein 
A) abdominal artery 
B) coronary arteries 
C) pulmonary veins 
D) hepatic portal vessel 
E) jugular vein

Question 8

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that the

Accepted Answer

A) processing of fats does not require any digestive enzymes, whereas the processing of carbohydrates does. 
B) fat absorption occurs in the stomach, whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine. 
C) carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested, whereas fats do not. 
D) most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood. 
E) fats, but not carbohydrates, are digested by bacteria before absorption. 
A) processing of fats does not require any digestive enzymes, whereas the processing of carbohydrates does. 
B) fat absorption occurs in the stomach, whereas carbohydrates are absorbed from the small intestine. 
C) carbohydrates need to be emulsified before they can be digested, whereas fats do not. 
D) most absorbed fat first enters the lymphatic system, whereas carbohydrates directly enter the blood. 
E) fats, but not carbohydrates, are digested by bacteria before absorption.

Question 9

The most likely reason that some of the vitamins and minerals in this supplement are found at less than 100% is

Accepted Answer

A) that it would be chemically impossible to add more. 
B) these vitamins and minerals are too large in size to reach 100%. 
C) it is too easy to overdose on minerals such as phosphorus and calcium. 
D) it is dangerous to overdose on fat-soluble vitamins such as A and K. 
E) these supplements are meant for those who have been deprived of healthy foods. 
A) that it would be chemically impossible to add more. 
B) these vitamins and minerals are too large in size to reach 100%. 
C) it is too easy to overdose on minerals such as phosphorus and calcium. 
D) it is dangerous to overdose on fat-soluble vitamins such as A and K. 
E) these supplements are meant for those who have been deprived of healthy foods.

Question 10

If the ob gene, which is responsible for the production of leptin, is down-regulated, the result would be

Accepted Answer

A) an increased appetite and an increased body mass. 
B) a decreased appetite and a decreased body mass. 
C) an increased appetite and a decreased body mass. 
D) a decreased appetite and an increased body mass. 
E) an unchanged appetite and normal body weight. 
A) an increased appetite and an increased body mass. 
B) a decreased appetite and a decreased body mass. 
C) an increased appetite and a decreased body mass. 
D) a decreased appetite and an increased body mass. 
E) an unchanged appetite and normal body weight.

Question 11

Which enzyme is involved in the breakdown of olive oil?

Accepted Answer

A) nuclease 
B) trypsin 
C) carboxypeptidase 
D) amylase 
E) lipase 
A) nuclease 
B) trypsin 
C) carboxypeptidase 
D) amylase 
E) lipase

Question 12

Excessive iron absorption and accumulation to toxic levels is associated with

Accepted Answer

A) excessive blood volume. 
B) a liver abnormality that results in a decreased number of red blood cells. 
C) various forms of inherited or acquired anemia. 
D) the genetic disorder known as hemochromatosis. 
E) menstruation and menopause. 
A) excessive blood volume. 
B) a liver abnormality that results in a decreased number of red blood cells. 
C) various forms of inherited or acquired anemia. 
D) the genetic disorder known as hemochromatosis. 
E) menstruation and menopause.

Question 13

Which pair correctly associates a physiological process with the appropriate vitamin?

Accepted Answer

A) blood clotting and vitamin C 
B) normal vision and vitamin A 
C) synthesis of cell membranes and vitamin D 
D) protection of skin from cancer and vitamin E 
E) production of white blood cells and vitamin K 
A) blood clotting and vitamin C 
B) normal vision and vitamin A 
C) synthesis of cell membranes and vitamin D 
D) protection of skin from cancer and vitamin E 
E) production of white blood cells and vitamin K

Question 14

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

Accepted Answer

A) large intestine. 
B) stomach. 
C) pharynx. 
D) rectum. 
E) epiglottis. 
A) large intestine. 
B) stomach. 
C) pharynx. 
D) rectum. 
E) epiglottis.

Question 15

After surgical removal of an infected gallbladder, a person must be especially careful to restrict dietary intake of

Accepted Answer

A) starch. 
B) protein. 
C) sugar. 
D) fat. 
E) water. 
A) starch. 
B) protein. 
C) sugar. 
D) fat. 
E) water.

Question 16

An enlarged cecum is typical of

Accepted Answer

A) rabbits, horses, and herbivorous bears. 
B) carnivorous animals. 
C) tubeworms that digest via symbionts. 
D) humans and other primates. 
E) tapeworms and other intestinal parasites. 
A) rabbits, horses, and herbivorous bears. 
B) carnivorous animals. 
C) tubeworms that digest via symbionts. 
D) humans and other primates. 
E) tapeworms and other intestinal parasites.

Question 17

Which of the following animals is incorrectly paired with its feeding mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A) lion-substrate feeder 
B) baleen whale-suspension feeder 
C) aphid-fluid feeder 
D) clam-suspension feeder 
E) snake-bulk feeder 
A) lion-substrate feeder 
B) baleen whale-suspension feeder 
C) aphid-fluid feeder 
D) clam-suspension feeder 
E) snake-bulk feeder

Question 18

Glandular secretions that are released initially as inactive precursors of digestive enzymes are the

Accepted Answer

A) protein-digesting enzymes. 
B) fat-solubilizing bile salts. 
C) acid-neutralizing bicarbonate. 
D) carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. 
E) hormones such as gastrin. 
A) protein-digesting enzymes. 
B) fat-solubilizing bile salts. 
C) acid-neutralizing bicarbonate. 
D) carbohydrate-digesting enzymes. 
E) hormones such as gastrin.

Question 19

An enzyme with high activity in an acidic environment is

Accepted Answer

A) amylase. 
B) pepsin. 
C) gastrin. 
D) trypsin. 
E) sucrose. 
A) amylase. 
B) pepsin. 
C) gastrin. 
D) trypsin. 
E) sucrose.

Question 20

Constipation can result from the consumption of a substance that

Accepted Answer

A) contains plenty of fibre. 
B) promotes water reabsorption in the large intestine. 
C) speeds up movement of material in the large intestine. 
D) decreases water reabsorption in the small intestine. 
E) stimulates peristalsis. 
A) contains plenty of fibre. 
B) promotes water reabsorption in the large intestine. 
C) speeds up movement of material in the large intestine. 
D) decreases water reabsorption in the small intestine. 
E) stimulates peristalsis.

Exam 41: Animal Nutrition

Complex nutrients are digested and then absorbed into the lymph or bloodstream as

Digestive enzymes are not needed by which of the following?

In a well-fed human eating a Western diet, the richest source of stored chemical energy in the body is

The fat-soluble vitamins include

For a nondiabetic person, the glucose concentration in this part of the vasculature varies more than in any other part.

The absorption of fats differs from that of carbohydrates in that the

The most likely reason that some of the vitamins and minerals in this supplement are found at less than 100% is

If the ob gene, which is responsible for the production of leptin, is down-regulated, the result would be

Which enzyme is involved in the breakdown of olive oil?

Excessive iron absorption and accumulation to toxic levels is associated with

Which pair correctly associates a physiological process with the appropriate vitamin?

The mammalian trachea and esophagus both connect to the

After surgical removal of an infected gallbladder, a person must be especially careful to restrict dietary intake of

An enlarged cecum is typical of

Which of the following animals is incorrectly paired with its feeding mechanism?

Glandular secretions that are released initially as inactive precursors of digestive enzymes are the

An enzyme with high activity in an acidic environment is

Constipation can result from the consumption of a substance that

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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