Question 1

Which of the following statements is true for a species that produces seeds by apomixis?

Accepted Answer

A) The seed coat is made of diploid cells derived from the ovule of a flower. 
B) The embryo consists of diploid cells derived from fertilization of a haploid egg by a haploid sperm. 
C) The scutellum is the primary food storage tissue of the embryo. 
D) A haploid embryo is contained within the seed. 
E) The embryo of the seed is genetically distinct from the parent plant. 
A) The seed coat is made of diploid cells derived from the ovule of a flower. 
B) The embryo consists of diploid cells derived from fertilization of a haploid egg by a haploid sperm. 
C) The scutellum is the primary food storage tissue of the embryo. 
D) A haploid embryo is contained within the seed. 
E) The embryo of the seed is genetically distinct from the parent plant.

Question 2

Garden beans and many other eudicots have a hooked hypocotyl during germination. Which of the following is true concerning hypocotyls and/or the hypocotyl hook?

Accepted Answer

A) It is the first structure to emerge from a eudicot seed. 
B) It pushes the cotyledons up through the soil. 
C) It straightens when exposed to sufficient water. 
D) It is stunted in an etiolated seedling. 
E) It emerges after the successful establishment of the radicle. 
A) It is the first structure to emerge from a eudicot seed. 
B) It pushes the cotyledons up through the soil. 
C) It straightens when exposed to sufficient water. 
D) It is stunted in an etiolated seedling. 
E) It emerges after the successful establishment of the radicle.

Question 3

A fruit is

Accepted Answer

A) a mature ovary. 
B) a mature ovule. 
C) a seed plus its integuments. 
D) a fused carpel. 
E) an enlarged embryo sac. 
A) a mature ovary. 
B) a mature ovule. 
C) a seed plus its integuments. 
D) a fused carpel. 
E) an enlarged embryo sac.

Question 4

Which of the following would be considered a multiple fruit?

Accepted Answer

A) apple 
B) strawberry 
C) raspberry 
D) pineapple 
E) corn on the cob 
A) apple 
B) strawberry 
C) raspberry 
D) pineapple 
E) corn on the cob

Question 5

What is typically the result of double fertilization in angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A) The endosperm develops into a diploid nutrient tissue. 
B) A triploid zygote is formed. 
C) Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed. 
D) Two embryos develop in every seed. 
E) The antipodal cells develop into the seed coat. 
A) The endosperm develops into a diploid nutrient tissue. 
B) A triploid zygote is formed. 
C) Both a diploid embryo and triploid endosperm are formed. 
D) Two embryos develop in every seed. 
E) The antipodal cells develop into the seed coat.

Question 6

Microsporangia in flowering plants are located in the

Accepted Answer

A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle. 
A) stamen. 
B) carpel. 
C) petals. 
D) sepals. 
E) receptacle.

Question 7

The pollen produced by wind-pollinated plants is often smaller than the pollen produced by animal-pollinated plants. A reason for this might be that

Accepted Answer

A) wind-pollinated plants, in general, are smaller than animal-pollinated plants. 
B) wind-pollinated plants release pollen in the spring, before the plant has stored enough energy to make large pollen grains. 
C) small pollen grains can be carried farther by the wind. 
D) animal pollinators are more facile at picking up large pollen grains. 
E) wind-pollinated flowers don't need large pollen grains because they don't have to attract animal pollinators. 
A) wind-pollinated plants, in general, are smaller than animal-pollinated plants. 
B) wind-pollinated plants release pollen in the spring, before the plant has stored enough energy to make large pollen grains. 
C) small pollen grains can be carried farther by the wind. 
D) animal pollinators are more facile at picking up large pollen grains. 
E) wind-pollinated flowers don't need large pollen grains because they don't have to attract animal pollinators.

Question 8

Meiosis occurs within all of the following flower parts except the

Accepted Answer

A) ovule. 
B) style. 
C) megasporangium. 
D) anther. 
E) ovary. 
A) ovule. 
B) style. 
C) megasporangium. 
D) anther. 
E) ovary.

Question 9

At the conclusion of meiosis in plants, the end products are always four haploid

Accepted Answer

A) spores. 
B) eggs. 
C) sperm. 
D) seeds. 
E) gametes. 
A) spores. 
B) eggs. 
C) sperm. 
D) seeds. 
E) gametes.

Question 10

The black dots that cover strawberries are actually individual fruits. The fleshy and tasty portion of a strawberry derives from the receptacle of a flower with many separate carpels. Therefore, a strawberry is

Accepted Answer

A) both a multiple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
B) both a multiple fruit and an accessory fruit. 
C) both a simple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
D) both an aggregate fruit and an accessory fruit. 
E) a simple fruit with many seeds. 
A) both a multiple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
B) both a multiple fruit and an accessory fruit. 
C) both a simple fruit and an aggregate fruit. 
D) both an aggregate fruit and an accessory fruit. 
E) a simple fruit with many seeds.

Question 11

A parent with an S₁S₂ genotype exhibiting sporophytic self-incompatibility can potentially fertilize which of the following plant genotypes of the same species with pollen grains?

Accepted Answer

A) S₁S₃ 
B) S₂S₃ 
C) S₃S₄ 
D) S₁S₄ 
E) Half of all the pollen grains could be successful. 
A) S₁S₃ 
B) S₂S₃ 
C) S₃S₄ 
D) S₁S₄ 
E) Half of all the pollen grains could be successful.

Question 12

The embryo of a grass seed is enclosed by two protective sheaths, a(n)________, which covers the young shoot, and a(n)________, which covers the young root.

Accepted Answer

A) cotyledon; radicle 
B) hypocotyl; epicotyl 
C) coleoptile; coleorhiza 
D) scutellum; coleoptile 
E) epicotyl; radicle 
A) cotyledon; radicle 
B) hypocotyl; epicotyl 
C) coleoptile; coleorhiza 
D) scutellum; coleoptile 
E) epicotyl; radicle

Question 13

A perfect flower is fertile, but may be either complete or incomplete. Which of the following correctly describes a perfect flower?

Accepted Answer

A) It has no sepals. 
B) It has fused carpels. 
C) It is on a dioecious plant. 
D) It has no endosperm. 
E) It has both stamens and carpels. 
A) It has no sepals. 
B) It has fused carpels. 
C) It is on a dioecious plant. 
D) It has no endosperm. 
E) It has both stamens and carpels.

Question 14

Which of the following is a scientific concern related to creating genetically modified crops?

Accepted Answer

A) Herbicide resistance may spread to weedy species. 
B) Beneficial insects may be harmed by eating pest species. 
C) Their adaptive advantages would allow them to overpower natural ecosystems. 
D) The monetary costs of growing genetically modified plants are significantly greater than traditional breeding techniques. 
E) Genetically modified plants are less stable and may revert back to parental genotypes. 
A) Herbicide resistance may spread to weedy species. 
B) Beneficial insects may be harmed by eating pest species. 
C) Their adaptive advantages would allow them to overpower natural ecosystems. 
D) The monetary costs of growing genetically modified plants are significantly greater than traditional breeding techniques. 
E) Genetically modified plants are less stable and may revert back to parental genotypes.

Question 15

Which of the following are true of most angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed. 
B) They have an ovary that becomes a fruit. 
C) They have a small (reduced)sporophyte. 
D) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed and an ovary that becomes a fruit. 
E) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed, an ovary that becomes a fruit, and a small (reduced)sporophyte. 
A) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed. 
B) They have an ovary that becomes a fruit. 
C) They have a small (reduced)sporophyte. 
D) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed and an ovary that becomes a fruit. 
E) They have a triploid endosperm within the seed, an ovary that becomes a fruit, and a small (reduced)sporophyte.

Question 16

Which of the following developmental processes in a seed is the most evolutionarily advantageous for the initial establishment of a viable seedling?

Accepted Answer

A) The emergence of the radical. 
B) The coleoptiles in monocots. 
C) The protective layer of cutin outside of the seed coat. 
D) The emergence of the first photosynthetically active leaves. 
E) The development of a nutrient-rich hypocotyl. 
A) The emergence of the radical. 
B) The coleoptiles in monocots. 
C) The protective layer of cutin outside of the seed coat. 
D) The emergence of the first photosynthetically active leaves. 
E) The development of a nutrient-rich hypocotyl.

Question 17

Which of the following metabolic processes is most likely to still be occurring at low levels in a fully mature, viable, dry seed?

Accepted Answer

A) photosynthesis 
B) respiration 
C) fatty acid synthesis 
D) protein synthesis 
E) DNA replication 
A) photosynthesis 
B) respiration 
C) fatty acid synthesis 
D) protein synthesis 
E) DNA replication

Question 18

The following questions refer to the diagram of an embryo sac of an angiosperm shown below.
  
-The ________ produces the pollen tube in the above figure.

Accepted Answer

A) anther 
B) microspore 
C) tube cell 
D) generative cell 
E) filament 
A) anther 
B) microspore 
C) tube cell 
D) generative cell 
E) filament

Question 19

You are studying a plant from the Amazon rain forest that shows strong self-incompatibility. To characterize this reproductive mechanism, you would look for

Accepted Answer

A) ribonuclease (RNAase)activity in stigma cells. 
B) RNA in the plants. 
C) pollen grains with very thick walls. 
D) carpels that cannot produce eggs by meiosis. 
E) systems of wind, but not insect, pollination. 
A) ribonuclease (RNAase)activity in stigma cells. 
B) RNA in the plants. 
C) pollen grains with very thick walls. 
D) carpels that cannot produce eggs by meiosis. 
E) systems of wind, but not insect, pollination.

Question 20

Which of the following events suggests there is a change in the egg cell membrane after penetration by a sperm?

Accepted Answer

A) The pollen tube grows away from the egg toward the polar nuclei. 
B) Ca²⁺ builds up in the cytoplasm of the egg. 
C) The egg cell plasmolyzes. 
D) Double fertilization occurs. 
E) There is a spike in membrane transport activity. 
A) The pollen tube grows away from the egg toward the polar nuclei. 
B) Ca²⁺ builds up in the cytoplasm of the egg. 
C) The egg cell plasmolyzes. 
D) Double fertilization occurs. 
E) There is a spike in membrane transport activity.

Exam 38: Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Which of the following statements is true for a species that produces seeds by apomixis?

Garden beans and many other eudicots have a hooked hypocotyl during germination. Which of the following is true concerning hypocotyls and/or the hypocotyl hook?

A fruit is

Which of the following would be considered a multiple fruit?

What is typically the result of double fertilization in angiosperms?

Microsporangia in flowering plants are located in the

The pollen produced by wind-pollinated plants is often smaller than the pollen produced by animal-pollinated plants. A reason for this might be that

Meiosis occurs within all of the following flower parts except the

At the conclusion of meiosis in plants, the end products are always four haploid

The black dots that cover strawberries are actually individual fruits. The fleshy and tasty portion of a strawberry derives from the receptacle of a flower with many separate carpels. Therefore, a strawberry is

A parent with an S₁S₂ genotype exhibiting sporophytic self-incompatibility can potentially fertilize which of the following plant genotypes of the same species with pollen grains?

The embryo of a grass seed is enclosed by two protective sheaths, a(n)________, which covers the young shoot, and a(n)________, which covers the young root.

A perfect flower is fertile, but may be either complete or incomplete. Which of the following correctly describes a perfect flower?

Which of the following is a scientific concern related to creating genetically modified crops?

Which of the following are true of most angiosperms?

Which of the following developmental processes in a seed is the most evolutionarily advantageous for the initial establishment of a viable seedling?

Which of the following metabolic processes is most likely to still be occurring at low levels in a fully mature, viable, dry seed?

The following questions refer to the diagram of an embryo sac of an angiosperm shown below. -The ________ produces the pollen tube in the above figure.

You are studying a plant from the Amazon rain forest that shows strong self-incompatibility. To characterize this reproductive mechanism, you would look for

Which of the following events suggests there is a change in the egg cell membrane after penetration by a sperm?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

Filters

The embryo of a grass seed is enclosed by two protective sheaths, a(n), which covers the young shoot, and a(n), which covers the young root.