Question 1

Photosynthesis ceases when leaves wilt, mainly because

Accepted Answer

A) the chlorophyll in wilting leaves is degraded. 
B) flaccid mesophyll cells are incapable of photosynthesis. 
C) stomata close, preventing CO₂ from entering the leaf. 
D) photolysis, the water-splitting step of photosynthesis, cannot occur when there is a water deficiency. 
E) accumulation of CO₂ in the leaf inhibits enzymes. 
A) the chlorophyll in wilting leaves is degraded. 
B) flaccid mesophyll cells are incapable of photosynthesis. 
C) stomata close, preventing CO₂ from entering the leaf. 
D) photolysis, the water-splitting step of photosynthesis, cannot occur when there is a water deficiency. 
E) accumulation of CO₂ in the leaf inhibits enzymes.

Question 2

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?

Accepted Answer

A) active transport of ions into the stele 
B) atmospheric pressure on roots 
C) evaporation of water through stoma 
D) the force of root pressure 
E) osmosis in the root 
A) active transport of ions into the stele 
B) atmospheric pressure on roots 
C) evaporation of water through stoma 
D) the force of root pressure 
E) osmosis in the root

Question 3

Which of the following is an adaptation that enhances the uptake of water and minerals by roots?

Accepted Answer

A) mycorrhizae 
B) cavitation 
C) active uptake by vessel elements 
D) rhythmic contractions by cortical cells 
E) pumping through plasmodesmata 
A) mycorrhizae 
B) cavitation 
C) active uptake by vessel elements 
D) rhythmic contractions by cortical cells 
E) pumping through plasmodesmata

Question 4

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

Accepted Answer

A) decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B) increasing the pressure exerted by the cell wall 
C) the loss of solutes from the cell 
D) increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm 
E) positive pressure on the surrounding solution 
A) decreasing the Ψ of the surrounding solution 
B) increasing the pressure exerted by the cell wall 
C) the loss of solutes from the cell 
D) increasing the Ψ of the cytoplasm 
E) positive pressure on the surrounding solution

Question 5

As a biologist, it is your job to look for plants that have evolved structures with a selective advantage in dry, hot conditions. Which of the following adaptations would be least likely to meet your objective?

Accepted Answer

A) CAM plants that grow rapidly 
B) small, thick leaves with stomata on the lower surface 
C) a thick cuticle on fleshy leaves 
D) large, fleshy stems with the ability to carry out photosynthesis 
E) plants that do not produce abscisic acid and have a short, thick taproot 
A) CAM plants that grow rapidly 
B) small, thick leaves with stomata on the lower surface 
C) a thick cuticle on fleshy leaves 
D) large, fleshy stems with the ability to carry out photosynthesis 
E) plants that do not produce abscisic acid and have a short, thick taproot

Question 6

Transpiration in plants requires all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) adhesion of water molecules to cellulose. 
B) cohesion between water molecules. 
C) evaporation of water molecules. 
D) active transport through xylem cells. 
E) transport through tracheids. 
A) adhesion of water molecules to cellulose. 
B) cohesion between water molecules. 
C) evaporation of water molecules. 
D) active transport through xylem cells. 
E) transport through tracheids.

Question 7

What is the function of trichomes?

Accepted Answer

A) protect the stomata from wind 
B) help reflect sunlight 
C) decrease transpiration by trapping air and creating higher humidity in the chamber compared to the surrounding atmosphere 
D) thickened cells reduce water loss 
E) trap water 
A) protect the stomata from wind 
B) help reflect sunlight 
C) decrease transpiration by trapping air and creating higher humidity in the chamber compared to the surrounding atmosphere 
D) thickened cells reduce water loss 
E) trap water

Question 8

All of the following are adaptations that help reduce water loss from a plant except

Accepted Answer

A) transpiration. 
B) sunken stomata. 
C) C₄ photosynthesis. 
D) small, thick leaves. 
E) crassulacean acid metabolism. 
A) transpiration. 
B) sunken stomata. 
C) C₄ photosynthesis. 
D) small, thick leaves. 
E) crassulacean acid metabolism.

Question 9

The following photo shows a strawberry leaf. Answer the following questions.
  
-The strawberry plant in the above photo is displaying

Accepted Answer

A) transpiration. 
B) guttation. 
C) evaporation. 
D) additional evaporation from leaves. 
E) translocation. 
A) transpiration. 
B) guttation. 
C) evaporation. 
D) additional evaporation from leaves. 
E) translocation.

Question 10

All of the following normally enter the plant through the roots except

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) potassium. 
D) water. 
E) calcium. 
A) carbon dioxide. 
B) nitrogen. 
C) potassium. 
D) water. 
E) calcium.

Question 11

Water potential is generally most negative in which of the following parts of a plant?

Accepted Answer

A) mesophyll cells of the leaf 
B) xylem vessels in leaves 
C) xylem vessels in roots 
D) cells of the root cortex 
E) root hairs 
A) mesophyll cells of the leaf 
B) xylem vessels in leaves 
C) xylem vessels in roots 
D) cells of the root cortex 
E) root hairs

Question 12

Compared with a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will

Accepted Answer

A) have a faster rate of osmosis. 
B) have a lower water potential. 
C) have a higher water potential. 
D) have a faster rate of active transport. 
E) accumulate water by active transport. 
A) have a faster rate of osmosis. 
B) have a lower water potential. 
C) have a higher water potential. 
D) have a faster rate of active transport. 
E) accumulate water by active transport.

Question 13

A plant cell with a ΨS of -0.65 MPa maintains a constant volume when bathed in a solution that has a ΨS of -0.30 MPa and is in an open container. The cell has a

Accepted Answer

A) ΨP of +0.65 MPa. 
B) Ψ of -0.65 MPa. 
C) ΨP of +0.35 MPa. 
D) ΨP of +0.30 MPa. 
E) Ψ of 0 MPa. 
A) ΨP of +0.65 MPa. 
B) Ψ of -0.65 MPa. 
C) ΨP of +0.35 MPa. 
D) ΨP of +0.30 MPa. 
E) Ψ of 0 MPa.

Question 14

If you were to prune the shoot tips of a plant, what would be the effect on the plant and the leaf area index?

Accepted Answer

A) bushier plants; lower leaf area index 
B) tall plants; lower leaf area index 
C) tall plants; higher leaf area index 
D) short plants; lower leaf area index 
E) bushier plants; higher leaf area indexes 
A) bushier plants; lower leaf area index 
B) tall plants; lower leaf area index 
C) tall plants; higher leaf area index 
D) short plants; lower leaf area index 
E) bushier plants; higher leaf area indexes

Question 15

All of the following have an effect on water potential (Ψ)in plants except

Accepted Answer

A) physical pressure. 
B) water-attracting matrices. 
C) dissolved solutes. 
D) osmosis. 
E) DNA structure. 
A) physical pressure. 
B) water-attracting matrices. 
C) dissolved solutes. 
D) osmosis. 
E) DNA structure.

Question 16

Plants do not have a circulatory system like that of some animals. If a water molecule did "circulate" (that is, go from one point in a plant to another and back in the same day), it would require the activity of

Accepted Answer

A) only the xylem. 
B) only the phloem. 
C) only the endodermis. 
D) both the xylem and the endodermis. 
E) both the xylem and the phloem. 
A) only the xylem. 
B) only the phloem. 
C) only the endodermis. 
D) both the xylem and the endodermis. 
E) both the xylem and the phloem.

Question 17

Which of the following has the lowest (most negative)water potential?

Accepted Answer

A) root cortical cells 
B) root xylem 
C) trunk xylem 
D) leaf cell walls 
E) leaf air spaces 
A) root cortical cells 
B) root xylem 
C) trunk xylem 
D) leaf cell walls 
E) leaf air spaces

Question 18

Long-distance electrical signalling in the phloem has been shown to elicit a change in all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A) rapid leaf movement. 
B) gene transcription. 
C) a switch from C₄ to C₃ photosynthesis. 
D) phloem unloading. 
A) rapid leaf movement. 
B) gene transcription. 
C) a switch from C₄ to C₃ photosynthesis. 
D) phloem unloading.

Question 19

A fellow student brought in a leaf to be examined. The leaf was dark green, thin, had stoma on the lower surface only, and had a total surface area of 10 square metres. Where is the most likely environment where this leaf was growing?

Accepted Answer

A) a dry, sandy region 
B) a large, still pond 
C) a tropical rain forest 
D) an oasis within a grassland 
E) the floor of a deciduous forest 
A) a dry, sandy region 
B) a large, still pond 
C) a tropical rain forest 
D) an oasis within a grassland 
E) the floor of a deciduous forest

Question 20

Which of the following is responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of a water molecule and cellulose in a vessel cell 
B) covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms of two adjacent water molecules 
C) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
D) covalent bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
E) low concentrations of charged solutes in the fluid 
A) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atoms of a water molecule and cellulose in a vessel cell 
B) covalent bonds between the hydrogen atoms of two adjacent water molecules 
C) hydrogen bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
D) covalent bonds between the oxygen atom of one water molecule and a hydrogen atom of another water molecule 
E) low concentrations of charged solutes in the fluid

Exam 36: Resource Acquisition and Transport in Vascular Plants

Photosynthesis ceases when leaves wilt, mainly because

What is the main force by which most of the water within xylem vessels moves toward the top of a tree?

Which of the following is an adaptation that enhances the uptake of water and minerals by roots?

What would enhance water uptake by a plant cell?

As a biologist, it is your job to look for plants that have evolved structures with a selective advantage in dry, hot conditions. Which of the following adaptations would be least likely to meet your objective?

Transpiration in plants requires all of the following except

What is the function of trichomes?

All of the following are adaptations that help reduce water loss from a plant except

The following photo shows a strawberry leaf. Answer the following questions. -The strawberry plant in the above photo is displaying

All of the following normally enter the plant through the roots except

Water potential is generally most negative in which of the following parts of a plant?

Compared with a cell with few aquaporins in its membrane, a cell containing many aquaporins will

A plant cell with a ΨS of -0.65 MPa maintains a constant volume when bathed in a solution that has a ΨS of -0.30 MPa and is in an open container. The cell has a

If you were to prune the shoot tips of a plant, what would be the effect on the plant and the leaf area index?

All of the following have an effect on water potential (Ψ)in plants except

Plants do not have a circulatory system like that of some animals. If a water molecule did "circulate" (that is, go from one point in a plant to another and back in the same day), it would require the activity of

Which of the following has the lowest (most negative)water potential?

Long-distance electrical signalling in the phloem has been shown to elicit a change in all of the following except

A fellow student brought in a leaf to be examined. The leaf was dark green, thin, had stoma on the lower surface only, and had a total surface area of 10 square metres. Where is the most likely environment where this leaf was growing?

Which of the following is responsible for the cohesion of water molecules?

Introduction: Evolution and Themes of Biology

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and Life

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration and Fermentation

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Viruses

Dna Tools and Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Overview of Animal Diversity

An Introduction to Invertebrates

The Origin and Evolution of Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signalling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behaviour

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology

Conservation Biology and Global Change

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