Exam 17: From Gene to Protein

Use the following information to answer the next few questions. The enzyme polynucleotide phosphorylase randomly assembles nucleotides into a polynucleotide polymer. -You add polynucleotide phosphorylase to a solution of ATP, GTP, and UTP. How many artificial mRNA 3 nucleotide codons would be possible?

In the structural organization of many eukaryotic genes, individual exons may be related to which of the following?

Which of the following variations on translation would be most disadvantageous for a cell?

Suppose that a mutation alters the formation of a tRNA such that it still attaches to the same amino acid (phe)but its anticodon loop has the sequence AAU that binds to the mRNA codon UUA (that usually specifies leucine leu).

Which component is not directly involved in translation?

The following questions refer to this figure of a simple metabolic pathway: -If A, B, and C are all required for growth, a strain mutant for the gene-encoding enzyme B would be capable of growing on which of the following media?

Which of the following DNA mutations is the most likely to be damaging to the protein it specifies?

Which of the following is not true of RNA processing?

The following questions refer to this table of codons. -What amino acid sequence will be generated, based on the following mRNA codon sequence? 5' AUG-UCU-UCG-UUA-UCC-UUG 3'

An experimenter has altered the 3' end of the tRNA corresponding to the amino acid methionine in such a way as to remove the 3' AC. Which of the following hypotheses describes the most likely result?

A part of the promoter, called the TATA box, is said to be highly conserved in evolution. Which of the following might this illustrate?

Which of the following statements is true about protein synthesis in prokaryotes?

Which of the following mutations is most likely to cause a phenotypic change?

Garrod hypothesized that "inborn errors of metabolism" such as alkaptonuria occur because

Which of the following mutations would be most likely to have a harmful effect on an organism?

What is the function of GTP in translation?

What is the function of the release factor (RF)?

Use the following model of a eukaryotic transcript to answer the next few questions. 5' UTR E₁ I₁ E₂ I₂ E₃ I₃ E₄ UTR 3' -Which components of the previous molecule will also be found in mRNA in the cytosol?

Use this representation to answer the following questions. DNA template strand 5' ____________________________ 3' DNA complementary strand 3' ____________________________ 5' -In the transcription event of the previous DNA, where would the promoter be located?

In eukaryotic cells, transcription cannot begin until