Question 1

A minus (antisense)strand virus might synthesize proteins within a host cell through the following synthesis pathway:

Accepted Answer

A) minus strand RNA→protein 
B) minus strand RNA→plus strand RNA →protein 
C) RNA →DNA →protein 
D) RNA →RNA →DNA →protein 
A) minus strand RNA→protein 
B) minus strand RNA→plus strand RNA →protein 
C) RNA →DNA →protein 
D) RNA →RNA →DNA →protein

Question 2

Diseases such as Creutzfeld-Jacob disease (variant),kuru,and mad cow disease are caused by:

Accepted Answer

A) RNA viruses 
B) DNA viruses 
C) bacteria 
D) prions 
A) RNA viruses 
B) DNA viruses 
C) bacteria 
D) prions

Question 3

An uncontrolled,invasive growth of abnormal cells is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A) transduction 
B) cancer 
C) induction 
D) transformation 
E) None of these choices 
A) transduction 
B) cancer 
C) induction 
D) transformation 
E) None of these choices

Question 4

A naked virus:

Accepted Answer

A) has no protein coat around its nucleic acid. 
B) is unable to attach itself to a host cell. 
C) has no envelope 
D) has no infectious piece of DNA 
A) has no protein coat around its nucleic acid. 
B) is unable to attach itself to a host cell. 
C) has no envelope 
D) has no infectious piece of DNA

Question 5

Viral DNA lying within a bacterial chromosome is called a ________ while the combination of a bacterial cell and its temperate phage is called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A) prophage, lysogen 
B) plaque, lysogen 
C) lysogen, prophage 
D) prophage, retrovirus 
A) prophage, lysogen 
B) plaque, lysogen 
C) lysogen, prophage 
D) prophage, retrovirus

Question 6

Which is the best scientific explanation for the increasing concern over the recent outbreaks of avian influenza in Hong Kong and other Asian locations?

Accepted Answer

A) avian influenza may infect humans. 
B) human influenza viruses may exchange genetic material with avian influenza viruses and infect humans more efficiently. 
C) avian influenza may spread to other countries. 
D) avian influenza may change to another virus that could infect birds. 
A) avian influenza may infect humans. 
B) human influenza viruses may exchange genetic material with avian influenza viruses and infect humans more efficiently. 
C) avian influenza may spread to other countries. 
D) avian influenza may change to another virus that could infect birds.

Question 7

Viruses that have plus strand RNA chromosomes that act as a template for DNA synthesis are known as:

Accepted Answer

A) retroviruses. 
B) proviruses. 
C) viroids. 
D) bacteriophages. 
E) lytic phages. 
A) retroviruses. 
B) proviruses. 
C) viroids. 
D) bacteriophages. 
E) lytic phages.

Question 8

The families of RNA viruses are distinguished from one another by all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) presence of an envelope 
B) shape of the capsid 
C) sense or antisense RNA 
D) whether RNA is linear or circular 
A) presence of an envelope 
B) shape of the capsid 
C) sense or antisense RNA 
D) whether RNA is linear or circular

Question 9

Bacteriophage DNA is transcribed to mRNA during the ________ phase of viral replication.

Accepted Answer

A) penetration 
B) synthesis 
C) maturation 
D) release 
A) penetration 
B) synthesis 
C) maturation 
D) release

Question 10

Which of the following represents the correct order of steps in a typical virus replication cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) maturation →adsorption →penetration →release →synthesis 
B) adsorption →penetration →release →maturation →synthesis 
C) adsorption →penetration →synthesis →maturation →release 
D) adsorption →penetration →maturation →synthesis →release 
A) maturation →adsorption →penetration →release →synthesis 
B) adsorption →penetration →release →maturation →synthesis 
C) adsorption →penetration →synthesis →maturation →release 
D) adsorption →penetration →maturation →synthesis →release

Question 11

Reactivation of chickenpox long after the initial infection leads to:

Accepted Answer

A) cancer 
B) influenza 
C) shingles 
D) varicella 
A) cancer 
B) influenza 
C) shingles 
D) varicella

Question 12

Enveloped animal viruses typically leave the host cell by:

Accepted Answer

A) host cell lysis 
B) host cell rupture 
C) budding 
D) animal viruses never leave the host cell 
A) host cell lysis 
B) host cell rupture 
C) budding 
D) animal viruses never leave the host cell

Question 13

Which of the following explains how DNA tumor viruses may cause human cancers?

Accepted Answer

A) viral proteins infect other uninfected host cells 
B) viral proteins block the effect of tumor-suppressor genes which prevent uncontrolled cell division 
C) viral particles infect sex cells and transmit the virions to offspring. 
D) use viral reverse transcriptase to integrate the DNA tumor viruses into the host chromosome 
A) viral proteins infect other uninfected host cells 
B) viral proteins block the effect of tumor-suppressor genes which prevent uncontrolled cell division 
C) viral particles infect sex cells and transmit the virions to offspring. 
D) use viral reverse transcriptase to integrate the DNA tumor viruses into the host chromosome

Question 14

A prion is composed of:

Accepted Answer

A) RNA 
B) DNA 
C) protein 
D) both DNA and RNA 
A) RNA 
B) DNA 
C) protein 
D) both DNA and RNA

Question 15

Cells taken directly from an animal and cultured in vitro represent:

Accepted Answer

A) primary cell cultures 
B) diploid fibroblast strains 
C) continuous cell lines from human embryos 
D) continuous cell lines that have been re-isolated from animal tissues 
A) primary cell cultures 
B) diploid fibroblast strains 
C) continuous cell lines from human embryos 
D) continuous cell lines that have been re-isolated from animal tissues

Question 16

Temperate phages:

Accepted Answer

A) do not always undergo a lytic cycle 
B) only replicate at certain temperatures 
C) are those that cause disease 
D) form plaques on bacterial lawns 
A) do not always undergo a lytic cycle 
B) only replicate at certain temperatures 
C) are those that cause disease 
D) form plaques on bacterial lawns

Question 17

Which of the following viruses plays an important role in the development of cervical cancer?

Accepted Answer

A) adenoviruses 
B) herpes viruses 
C) human papilloma viruses 
D) slow viruses 
A) adenoviruses 
B) herpes viruses 
C) human papilloma viruses 
D) slow viruses

Question 18

A virus that is specific for a bacterial host is called a:

Accepted Answer

A) phage 
B) prion 
C) viroid 
D) virion 
A) phage 
B) prion 
C) viroid 
D) virion

Question 19

Bacteriophages contain the enzyme lysozyme,which is used to:

Accepted Answer

A) replicate viral DNA. 
B) shut down bacterial cell metabolism. 
C) weaken bacterial cell walls. 
D) help recognize the proper bacterial host. 
A) replicate viral DNA. 
B) shut down bacterial cell metabolism. 
C) weaken bacterial cell walls. 
D) help recognize the proper bacterial host.

Question 20

You have isolated an unknown virus.It is a double-stranded DNA virus and does not have an envelope.To which virus family does it mostly likely belong?

Accepted Answer

A) Paramyxoviridae 
B) Retroviridae 
C) Adenoviridae 
D) Parvoviridae 
A) Paramyxoviridae 
B) Retroviridae 
C) Adenoviridae 
D) Parvoviridae

Exam 10: Viruses

A minus (antisense)strand virus might synthesize proteins within a host cell through the following synthesis pathway:

Diseases such as Creutzfeld-Jacob disease (variant),kuru,and mad cow disease are caused by:

An uncontrolled,invasive growth of abnormal cells is referred to as _____.

A naked virus:

Viral DNA lying within a bacterial chromosome is called a ________ while the combination of a bacterial cell and its temperate phage is called a ________.

Which is the best scientific explanation for the increasing concern over the recent outbreaks of avian influenza in Hong Kong and other Asian locations?

Viruses that have plus strand RNA chromosomes that act as a template for DNA synthesis are known as:

The families of RNA viruses are distinguished from one another by all of the following except:

Bacteriophage DNA is transcribed to mRNA during the ________ phase of viral replication.

Which of the following represents the correct order of steps in a typical virus replication cycle?

Reactivation of chickenpox long after the initial infection leads to:

Enveloped animal viruses typically leave the host cell by:

Which of the following explains how DNA tumor viruses may cause human cancers?

A prion is composed of:

Cells taken directly from an animal and cultured in vitro represent:

Temperate phages:

Which of the following viruses plays an important role in the development of cervical cancer?

A virus that is specific for a bacterial host is called a:

Bacteriophages contain the enzyme lysozyme,which is used to:

You have isolated an unknown virus.It is a double-stranded DNA virus and does not have an envelope.To which virus family does it mostly likely belong?

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunology Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

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Viral DNA lying within a bacterial chromosome is called a while the combination of a bacterial cell and its temperate phage is called a .