Question 1

Which of the following does not contribute to endospore resistance to unfavorable conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Dipicolinic acid and calcium ions in the core 
B) Cortex 
C) Spore coat 
D) Germination proper 
A) Dipicolinic acid and calcium ions in the core 
B) Cortex 
C) Spore coat 
D) Germination proper

Question 2

A culture that contains only a single species of organism is known as a _____.

Accepted Answer

A) pure culture 
B) Koch culture 
C) mixed culture 
D) contaminated culture 
A) pure culture 
B) Koch culture 
C) mixed culture 
D) contaminated culture

Question 3

The toxic effects of the byproducts of oxygen metabolism are reduced by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Catalase 
B) Superoxide dismutase 
C) Lactase 
D) Two of the above 
A) Catalase 
B) Superoxide dismutase 
C) Lactase 
D) Two of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is not a stage in endospores returning to the vegetative state?

Accepted Answer

A) Traumatic agent such as low pH or heat damages the coat. 
B) Outgrowth occurs in a medium with adequate nutrients. 
C) Divisions of the endospores early in their development. 
D) Water and nutrients penetrate damaged coat. 
A) Traumatic agent such as low pH or heat damages the coat. 
B) Outgrowth occurs in a medium with adequate nutrients. 
C) Divisions of the endospores early in their development. 
D) Water and nutrients penetrate damaged coat.

Question 5

Microaerophiles:

Accepted Answer

A) grow best when the environment has a small amount of carbon dioxide. 
B) grow best when the environment has a small amount of free oxygen. 
C) need a high concentration of carbon dioxide. 
D) need a high concentration of oxygen. 
A) grow best when the environment has a small amount of carbon dioxide. 
B) grow best when the environment has a small amount of free oxygen. 
C) need a high concentration of carbon dioxide. 
D) need a high concentration of oxygen.

Question 6

Capnophiles grow best under conditions of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) high carbon dioxide 
B) low carbon dioxide 
C) high osmotic pressure 
D) low osmotic pressure 
A) high carbon dioxide 
B) low carbon dioxide 
C) high osmotic pressure 
D) low osmotic pressure

Question 7

Most human pathogens are _____.

Accepted Answer

A) psychrophiles 
B) mesophiles 
C) thermophiles 
D) acidophiles 
A) psychrophiles 
B) mesophiles 
C) thermophiles 
D) acidophiles

Question 8

When cells are placed in a hypertonic environment they will undergo ________ .

Accepted Answer

A) lysis 
B) no change in size 
C) swelling of the cell which is contained by the cell wall 
D) plasmolysis 
A) lysis 
B) no change in size 
C) swelling of the cell which is contained by the cell wall 
D) plasmolysis

Question 9

______ techniques must be strictly adhered to prevent the accidental contamination of stock cultures.

Accepted Answer

A) Germination 
B) Selective 
C) Differential 
D) Aseptic 
A) Germination 
B) Selective 
C) Differential 
D) Aseptic

Question 10

Starch would be broken down to maltose by which of the following exoenzymes?

Accepted Answer

A) gelatinase 
B) amylase 
C) caseinase 
D) lipase 
A) gelatinase 
B) amylase 
C) caseinase 
D) lipase

Question 11

Microbes that live in this environment actively transport _____ out of their cells.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium 
B) oxygen 
C) sodium 
D) nitrogen 
A) potassium 
B) oxygen 
C) sodium 
D) nitrogen

Question 12

Which type of cell will generally shift to aerobic metabolism when oxygen is available but will carry on fermentation otherwise?

Accepted Answer

A) aerotolerant anaerobes 
B) facultative anaerobes 
C) obligate anaerobes 
D) obligate aerobes 
A) aerotolerant anaerobes 
B) facultative anaerobes 
C) obligate anaerobes 
D) obligate aerobes

Question 13

Which of the following is considered a trace element?

Accepted Answer

A) carbon 
B) zinc 
C) sulfur 
D) phosphorous 
A) carbon 
B) zinc 
C) sulfur 
D) phosphorous

Question 14

A decrease in the amount of nitrogen to a culture of Clostridium botulinum would induce _____.

Accepted Answer

A) activation 
B) germination 
C) sporulation 
D) outgrowth 
A) activation 
B) germination 
C) sporulation 
D) outgrowth

Question 15

Acidophiles would be expected to grow best at a pH of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 9 
D) 12 
A) 3 
B) 6 
C) 9 
D) 12

Question 16

Imagine NASA sends you a specimen from a planet that they believe contains an extraterrestial bacterial species.You are the microbiologist in charge of determining how to grow the extraterrestial bacteria. Many factors may affect the growth of extraterrestial bacteria. Choose two and describe how you would test their effects.

Accepted Answer

Physical factors that could affect the g

Question 17

Exoenzymes:

Accepted Answer

A) produced by Gram-positive rods act in the medium around the organism 
B) are released by the Golgi apparatus into the cytoplasm where they act 
C) produced by Gram-negative rods act in the periplasmic space 
D) two of the above 
A) produced by Gram-positive rods act in the medium around the organism 
B) are released by the Golgi apparatus into the cytoplasm where they act 
C) produced by Gram-negative rods act in the periplasmic space 
D) two of the above

Question 18

A bacterial population grows most rapidly during ________ phase.

Accepted Answer

A) lag 
B) log 
C) stationary 
D) death 
A) lag 
B) log 
C) stationary 
D) death

Question 19

During this phase,organisms produce large amounts of ATP.

Accepted Answer

A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D 
A) A 
B) B 
C) C 
D) D

Question 20

The pour plate method of isolating pure cultures _____.

Accepted Answer

A) relies on the fact that liquid agar will solidify as it cools 
B) is useful for growing microaerophiles 
C) results in some organisms growing embedded in the agar 
D) all of the above 
A) relies on the fact that liquid agar will solidify as it cools 
B) is useful for growing microaerophiles 
C) results in some organisms growing embedded in the agar 
D) all of the above

Exam 6: Growth and Culturing of Bacteria

Which of the following does not contribute to endospore resistance to unfavorable conditions?

A culture that contains only a single species of organism is known as a _____.

The toxic effects of the byproducts of oxygen metabolism are reduced by which of the following?

Which of the following is not a stage in endospores returning to the vegetative state?

Microaerophiles:

Capnophiles grow best under conditions of _____.

Most human pathogens are _____.

When cells are placed in a hypertonic environment they will undergo ________ .

______ techniques must be strictly adhered to prevent the accidental contamination of stock cultures.

Starch would be broken down to maltose by which of the following exoenzymes?

Microbes that live in this environment actively transport _____ out of their cells.

Which type of cell will generally shift to aerobic metabolism when oxygen is available but will carry on fermentation otherwise?

Which of the following is considered a trace element?

A decrease in the amount of nitrogen to a culture of Clostridium botulinum would induce _____.

Acidophiles would be expected to grow best at a pH of _____.

Exoenzymes:

A bacterial population grows most rapidly during ________ phase.

During this phase,organisms produce large amounts of ATP.

The pour plate method of isolating pure cultures _____.

Scope and History of Microbiology

Fundamentals of Chemistry

Microscopy and Staining

Characteristics of Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Essential Concepts of Metabolism

Microbial Genetics

Gene Transfer and Genetic Engineering

An Introduction to Taxonomy: the Bacteria

Viruses

Eukaryotic Microorganisms and Parasites

Sterilization and Disinfection

Antimicrobial Therapy

Host-Microbe Relationships and Disease Processes

Epidemiology and Nosocomial Infections

Innate Host Defenses

Immunology I: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunization

Immunology Ii: Immunological Disorders and Tests

Diseases of the Skin and Eyes; Wounds and Bites

Urogenital and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Oral and Gastrointestinal Diseases

Cardiovascular, lymphatic and Systemic Disease

Diseases of the Nervous System

Environmental Microbiology

Applied Microbiology

Filters