Question 1

The Implicit Associations Test is a measure used to assess explicit attitudes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

If we paid people a great deal of money to perform a behaviour inconsistent with their attitude, research suggests people would experience cognitive dissonance, and therefore change their attitude to match their behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Glen spent four years in university, working very hard towards his degree in journalism. After graduating, he has been unable to find a job in his field, and instead works as a waiter. He often states that university was worthwhile because he met a lot of new people and made some friends. Which of the following concepts is Glen demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

A)  Impression management 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Post-decision dissonance 
D)  Effort justification 
A)  Impression management 
B)  Self-affirmation 
C)  Post-decision dissonance 
D)  Effort justification

Question 4

Valins (1966) exposed male students to "centrefolds" and mislead participants to believe they experienced a greater response to a particular photograph. When given the option, most men chose to take home the "centerfold" that they thought got their heart rates up. What does this study demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emotions often follow behaviours 
B)  Cognitive dissonance reduction 
C)  Post-decision dissonance 
D)  Self-affirmation theory 
A)  Emotions often follow behaviours 
B)  Cognitive dissonance reduction 
C)  Post-decision dissonance 
D)  Self-affirmation theory

Question 5

Jane intends to get a flu shot. According to the theory of planned behaviour, how Jane might have arrived at this decision? Be sure to describe all the components of the theory in your answer.

Accepted Answer

According to the theory of planned behav

Question 6

Anna will likely experience post-decisional dissonance after she chooses between two equally attractive universities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Culture moderates the extent to which individuals experience dissonance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

___________ is defined as having an evaluative component towards a stimulus that is made up of affective, behavioural, and cognitive information.

Accepted Answer

A)  An attitude 
B)  An ambivalent attitude 
C)  Aptitude 
D)  Observational learning 
A)  An attitude 
B)  An ambivalent attitude 
C)  Aptitude 
D)  Observational learning

Question 9

Why do affective experiences seem to have more of an affect on implicit attitudes than on explicit attitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Because affective experiences are related to cognitive control 
B)  Because affective experiences are related to controlled processing 
C)  Because affective experiences are related to automatic reactions 
D)  Because affective experiences are related to consciousness 
A)  Because affective experiences are related to cognitive control 
B)  Because affective experiences are related to controlled processing 
C)  Because affective experiences are related to automatic reactions 
D)  Because affective experiences are related to consciousness

Question 10

Personally relevant attitudes are argued to have what kind of effect on behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personally relevant attitudes have no impact on behaviour. 
B)  Personally relevant attitudes decrease the likelihood of behaviour. 
C)  Personally relevant attitudes increase the likelihood of behaviour. 
D)  Personally relevant attitudes decrease the likelihood of behaviour through decreasing the strength and accessibility of the attitude. 
A)  Personally relevant attitudes have no impact on behaviour. 
B)  Personally relevant attitudes decrease the likelihood of behaviour. 
C)  Personally relevant attitudes increase the likelihood of behaviour. 
D)  Personally relevant attitudes decrease the likelihood of behaviour through decreasing the strength and accessibility of the attitude.

Question 11

Clark, Wegener, and Fabrigar (2008) found that persuasive messages in line with participant's pre-existing attitudes about a topic ________ the accessibility of the attitude, and ________ the persuasiveness of the message.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase; decrease 
B)  decrease; increase 
C)  decrease; decrease 
D)  increase; increase 
A)  increase; decrease 
B)  decrease; increase 
C)  decrease; decrease 
D)  increase; increase

Question 12

Emma is trying to decide if she wants to exercise. She thinks exercise is important and knows that her doctor, friends, and family think it's a good idea for her to exercise. However, she is not sure if she is too out of shape to initiate an exercise routine. The favourable attitude that her doctor, friends, and family hold regarding her exercise behaviour best represents which component of the theory of planned behaviour?

Accepted Answer

A)  Attitudes 
B)  Perceived control 
C)  Social norms 
D)  Cultural norms 
A)  Attitudes 
B)  Perceived control 
C)  Social norms 
D)  Cultural norms

Question 13

Define ambivalence and explain what it means to hold an ambivalent attitude.

Accepted Answer

Ambivalence is the state of having mixed

Question 14

If we experience some form of reinforcement for a behaviour, our attitude should become more positive toward that behaviour.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A doctor administers a drug to a patient in a small room in the hospital. This drug increases the heart rate of the patient. After awhile, the patient's heart rate increases just by being in the small room before the drug is even given. In this example, what is the conditioned response?

Accepted Answer

A)  The drug 
B)  The increased heart rate in response to the drug 
C)  The small hospital room 
D)  The increased heart rate in response to the small hospital room 
A)  The drug 
B)  The increased heart rate in response to the drug 
C)  The small hospital room 
D)  The increased heart rate in response to the small hospital room

Question 16

Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) asked participants to perform a boring task and then paid them either $20 or $1 to lie to the next participant by telling them that the study was enjoyable. Afterwards they asked participants to rate how much they liked the task. The 'surprising' finding from Festinger and Carlsmith's study was:

Accepted Answer

A)  the participants paid $20 reported liking the task more than those paid $1. 
B)  the participants paid $1 reported liking the task more than those paid $20. 
C)  those paid $20 reported the same level of liking as participants paid $1. 
D)  the participants paid $20 really liked the task but lied to researchers about their level of enjoyment. 
A)  the participants paid $20 reported liking the task more than those paid $1. 
B)  the participants paid $1 reported liking the task more than those paid $20. 
C)  those paid $20 reported the same level of liking as participants paid $1. 
D)  the participants paid $20 really liked the task but lied to researchers about their level of enjoyment.

Question 17

Festinger and Carlsmith (1959) asked participants to perform a boring task and then paid them either $20 or $1 to lie to the next participant, telling them that the task was enjoyable. Afterwards they asked participants to rate how much they liked the task. Participants who received $1 rated the task as more enjoyable than participants who received $20. What has been proposed as a likely reason for this result?

Accepted Answer

A)  The participants paid $20 actually liked the task but lied about how they felt. 
B)  The participants paid $1 actually disliked the task but lied about how they felt. 
C)  The participants paid $1 did not have sufficient justification for lying so changed their attitude to match their behaviour. 
D)  The participants paid $20 experienced cognitive dissonance. 
A)  The participants paid $20 actually liked the task but lied about how they felt. 
B)  The participants paid $1 actually disliked the task but lied about how they felt. 
C)  The participants paid $1 did not have sufficient justification for lying so changed their attitude to match their behaviour. 
D)  The participants paid $20 experienced cognitive dissonance.

Question 18

Which of the following types of attitudes is most closely associated with cognitive control?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unconscious attitudes 
B)  Ambivalent attitudes 
C)  Implicit attitudes 
D)  Explicit attitudes 
A)  Unconscious attitudes 
B)  Ambivalent attitudes 
C)  Implicit attitudes 
D)  Explicit attitudes

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT considered one of main components of an attitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognition 
B)  Affect 
C)  Behaviour 
D)  Aptitude 
A)  Cognition 
B)  Affect 
C)  Behaviour 
D)  Aptitude

Question 20

Operant conditioning was first discovered by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Ivan Pavlov. 
B)  Albert Bandura. 
C)  B.F. Skinner. 
D)  Edward Thorndike. 
A)  Ivan Pavlov. 
B)  Albert Bandura. 
C)  B.F. Skinner. 
D)  Edward Thorndike.

The Implicit Associations Test is a measure used to assess explicit attitudes.

If we paid people a great deal of money to perform a behaviour inconsistent with their attitude, research suggests people would experience cognitive dissonance, and therefore change their attitude to match their behaviour.

Valins (1966) exposed male students to "centrefolds" and mislead participants to believe they experienced a greater response to a particular photograph. When given the option, most men chose to take home the "centerfold" that they thought got their heart rates up. What does this study demonstrate?

Jane intends to get a flu shot. According to the theory of planned behaviour, how Jane might have arrived at this decision? Be sure to describe all the components of the theory in your answer.

Anna will likely experience post-decisional dissonance after she chooses between two equally attractive universities.

Culture moderates the extent to which individuals experience dissonance.

___________ is defined as having an evaluative component towards a stimulus that is made up of affective, behavioural, and cognitive information.

Why do affective experiences seem to have more of an affect on implicit attitudes than on explicit attitudes?

Personally relevant attitudes are argued to have what kind of effect on behaviour?

Clark, Wegener, and Fabrigar (2008) found that persuasive messages in line with participant's pre-existing attitudes about a topic the accessibility of the attitude, and the persuasiveness of the message.

Define ambivalence and explain what it means to hold an ambivalent attitude.

If we experience some form of reinforcement for a behaviour, our attitude should become more positive toward that behaviour.

A doctor administers a drug to a patient in a small room in the hospital. This drug increases the heart rate of the patient. After awhile, the patient's heart rate increases just by being in the small room before the drug is even given. In this example, what is the conditioned response?

Which of the following types of attitudes is most closely associated with cognitive control?

Which of the following is NOT considered one of main components of an attitude?

Operant conditioning was first discovered by:

What Is Social Psychology

The Science of Social Psychology

Social Cognition

The Self

Social Perception

The Power of Persuasion

Social Influence

The Power of the Group

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Aggression

Attraction and Close Relationships

Prosocial Behaviour

Filters

Exam 6: Attitudes

The Implicit Associations Test is a measure used to assess explicit attitudes.

If we paid people a great deal of money to perform a behaviour inconsistent with their attitude, research suggests people would experience cognitive dissonance, and therefore change their attitude to match their behaviour.

Valins (1966) exposed male students to "centrefolds" and mislead participants to believe they experienced a greater response to a particular photograph. When given the option, most men chose to take home the "centerfold" that they thought got their heart rates up. What does this study demonstrate?

Jane intends to get a flu shot. According to the theory of planned behaviour, how Jane might have arrived at this decision? Be sure to describe all the components of the theory in your answer.

Anna will likely experience post-decisional dissonance after she chooses between two equally attractive universities.

Culture moderates the extent to which individuals experience dissonance.

___________ is defined as having an evaluative component towards a stimulus that is made up of affective, behavioural, and cognitive information.

Why do affective experiences seem to have more of an affect on implicit attitudes than on explicit attitudes?

Personally relevant attitudes are argued to have what kind of effect on behaviour?

Clark, Wegener, and Fabrigar (2008) found that persuasive messages in line with participant's pre-existing attitudes about a topic ________ the accessibility of the attitude, and ________ the persuasiveness of the message.

Define ambivalence and explain what it means to hold an ambivalent attitude.

If we experience some form of reinforcement for a behaviour, our attitude should become more positive toward that behaviour.

A doctor administers a drug to a patient in a small room in the hospital. This drug increases the heart rate of the patient. After awhile, the patient's heart rate increases just by being in the small room before the drug is even given. In this example, what is the conditioned response?

Which of the following types of attitudes is most closely associated with cognitive control?

Which of the following is NOT considered one of main components of an attitude?

Operant conditioning was first discovered by:

What Is Social Psychology

The Science of Social Psychology

Social Cognition

The Self

Social Perception

The Power of Persuasion

Social Influence

The Power of the Group

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Aggression

Attraction and Close Relationships

Prosocial Behaviour

Filters

Clark, Wegener, and Fabrigar (2008) found that persuasive messages in line with participant's pre-existing attitudes about a topic the accessibility of the attitude, and the persuasiveness of the message.