Question 1

When you estimate your risk of dying of cancer based on the number of people you know who have been diagnosed, you are using the availability heuristic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the relationship between counterfactual thinking and mood?

Accepted Answer

A)  You always feel worse as a result of engaging in counterfactual thinking. 
B)  You always feel better as a result of engaging in counterfactual thinking. 
C)  If you compare a real life outcome with a less desirable imagined outcome, you will likely feel better. 
D)  If you compare a real life outcome with a less desirable imagined outcome, you will likely feel worse. 
A)  You always feel worse as a result of engaging in counterfactual thinking. 
B)  You always feel better as a result of engaging in counterfactual thinking. 
C)  If you compare a real life outcome with a less desirable imagined outcome, you will likely feel better. 
D)  If you compare a real life outcome with a less desirable imagined outcome, you will likely feel worse.

Question 3

According to information presented in your textbook, which of the following best describes why the anchoring and adjustment heuristic leads to problems when making decisions or judgments?

Accepted Answer

A)  When people use anchors they stop adjusting once a seemingly reasonable value is reached. 
B)  You fail to consider the base rate. 
C)  The use of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic takes a lot mental effort and time. 
D)  The use of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic is an efficient strategy and does not lead to problems when making decisions or judgments. 
A)  When people use anchors they stop adjusting once a seemingly reasonable value is reached. 
B)  You fail to consider the base rate. 
C)  The use of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic takes a lot mental effort and time. 
D)  The use of the anchoring and adjustment heuristic is an efficient strategy and does not lead to problems when making decisions or judgments.

Question 4

Describe a situation that illustrates the negativity bias.

Accepted Answer

One situation that illustrates the negat

Question 5

Heuristics are useful mental shortcuts but they also have drawbacks. What could be considered one disadvantage of using the representativeness heuristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  When using the representativeness heuristic people do not consider information about an individual's personality. 
B)  The representativeness heuristic takes a great deal of controlled processing. 
C)  Using the representativeness heuristic may lead to neglecting other important information such as the base rate. 
D)  Using the representativeness heuristic leads to greater use of the base rate. 
A)  When using the representativeness heuristic people do not consider information about an individual's personality. 
B)  The representativeness heuristic takes a great deal of controlled processing. 
C)  Using the representativeness heuristic may lead to neglecting other important information such as the base rate. 
D)  Using the representativeness heuristic leads to greater use of the base rate.

Question 6

Triplet (1992) found that participants involved in a hypothetical medical decision task were more likely to label heterosexual patients as having AIDS (independent of their symptoms) relative to homosexual patients.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What area of the brain has been identified as critical to emotional processing and memory?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cortex 
B)  The prefrontal cortex 
C)  The limbic system 
D)  The occipital lobe 
A)  The cortex 
B)  The prefrontal cortex 
C)  The limbic system 
D)  The occipital lobe

Question 8

You have developed a new medical device that can diagnose a deadly disease with 80% accuracy. According to information on the framing heuristic, which of the following would be the best way to present this new device to doctors?

Accepted Answer

A)  "This is a great device!" 
B)  "This device is 80% accurate in diagnosing this disease." 
C)  "This device is 20% inaccurate in diagnosing this disease." 
D)  "This is the most accurate device for diagnosing this disease!" 
A)  "This is a great device!" 
B)  "This device is 80% accurate in diagnosing this disease." 
C)  "This device is 20% inaccurate in diagnosing this disease." 
D)  "This is the most accurate device for diagnosing this disease!"

Question 9

Your friend Jane is trying to decide if she wants to go on a camping trip for the weekend. You know that Jane thinks camping is fun but you also remember that the last two times Jane went camping she got sick. Based on your knowledge of how the availability heuristic impacts judgments and decisions, what could you say to Jane that would be most likely to convince her to stay home?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Camping is fun but there are so many other fun things to do this weekend." 
B)  "Camping is not fun." 
C)  "Do you remember that the last two times you went camping you ended up getting sick?" 
D)  "You should make a list of pros and cons before you decide." 
A)  "Camping is fun but there are so many other fun things to do this weekend." 
B)  "Camping is not fun." 
C)  "Do you remember that the last two times you went camping you ended up getting sick?" 
D)  "You should make a list of pros and cons before you decide."

Question 10

Which heuristic involves deciding the probability that object A belongs to category B or that event A is a result of process B?

Accepted Answer

A)  The anchoring and adjustment heuristic 
B)  The representativeness heuristic 
C)  The availability heuristic 
D)  Both the availability heuristic and the representative heuristic 
A)  The anchoring and adjustment heuristic 
B)  The representativeness heuristic 
C)  The availability heuristic 
D)  Both the availability heuristic and the representative heuristic

Question 11

Research on the negativity bias suggests what about how we process negative information compared with positive information?

Accepted Answer

A)  Positive information sticks out in our minds more than negative information. 
B)  We are more sensitive to negative information than positive information. 
C)  We are more likely to remember positive information than negative information. 
D)  We give equal weight to positive and negative information. 
A)  Positive information sticks out in our minds more than negative information. 
B)  We are more sensitive to negative information than positive information. 
C)  We are more likely to remember positive information than negative information. 
D)  We give equal weight to positive and negative information.

Question 12

Alex is often nervous during exams, and seems to forget everything during the test only to remember it hours later when he is relaxed. What would you recommend Alex do to improve his performance on exams?

Accepted Answer

A)  Study for an exam when he is relaxed 
B)  Study for an exam when he is nervous 
C)  Study only the material he finds interesting 
D)  Study only the material he finds boring 
A)  Study for an exam when he is relaxed 
B)  Study for an exam when he is nervous 
C)  Study only the material he finds interesting 
D)  Study only the material he finds boring

Question 13

The belief that picking your own lottery numbers will result in a much better chance of winning the lottery reflects the illusion of control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following best represents an evolutionary explanation for the negativity bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  We are imitating our parent's behaviour. 
B)  Our culture values negative information 
C)  We have an unconscious drive for negative information. 
D)  We are predisposed to avoid danger and negative information would be more important for avoiding danger than positive information. 
A)  We are imitating our parent's behaviour. 
B)  Our culture values negative information 
C)  We have an unconscious drive for negative information. 
D)  We are predisposed to avoid danger and negative information would be more important for avoiding danger than positive information.

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding counterfactual thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  The erroneous belief that one is at a higher risk of homicide than heart disease is due to counterfactual thinking. 
B)  Counterfactual thinking explains reactions to "wrong place at the wrong time" stories. 
C)  Counterfactual thinking explains the "hot in hand" phenomena. 
D)  The erroneous belief that one is more likely to succeed than others is due to counterfactual thinking. 
A)  The erroneous belief that one is at a higher risk of homicide than heart disease is due to counterfactual thinking. 
B)  Counterfactual thinking explains reactions to "wrong place at the wrong time" stories. 
C)  Counterfactual thinking explains the "hot in hand" phenomena. 
D)  The erroneous belief that one is more likely to succeed than others is due to counterfactual thinking.

Question 16

Which concept refers to the tendency to notice and remember negative information, which then influences the evaluation of people and situations?

Accepted Answer

A)  The recall bias 
B)  Selective filtering 
C)  The framing heuristic 
D)  The negativity bias 
A)  The recall bias 
B)  Selective filtering 
C)  The framing heuristic 
D)  The negativity bias

Question 17

A state of having more confidence in one's judgment or control over a situation than is really justified refers to what concept?

Accepted Answer

A)  The optimistic bias 
B)  The illusion of control 
C)  Counterfactual thinking 
D)  Overconfidence barrier 
A)  The optimistic bias 
B)  The illusion of control 
C)  Counterfactual thinking 
D)  Overconfidence barrier

Question 18

Which part of the brain plays a role in higher-order thinking, including judgment, decision making, and evaluation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The prefrontal cortex 
B)  The brain stem 
C)  The occipital lobe 
D)  The amygdala 
A)  The prefrontal cortex 
B)  The brain stem 
C)  The occipital lobe 
D)  The amygdala

Question 19

_____________ refers to how common a behaviour or characteristic is in the population.

Accepted Answer

A)  The base rate 
B)  Anchoring and adjustment 
C)  Framing 
D)  The basic rate 
A)  The base rate 
B)  Anchoring and adjustment 
C)  Framing 
D)  The basic rate

When you estimate your risk of dying of cancer based on the number of people you know who have been diagnosed, you are using the availability heuristic.

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the relationship between counterfactual thinking and mood?

According to information presented in your textbook, which of the following best describes why the anchoring and adjustment heuristic leads to problems when making decisions or judgments?

Describe a situation that illustrates the negativity bias.

Heuristics are useful mental shortcuts but they also have drawbacks. What could be considered one disadvantage of using the representativeness heuristic?

Triplet (1992) found that participants involved in a hypothetical medical decision task were more likely to label heterosexual patients as having AIDS (independent of their symptoms) relative to homosexual patients.

What area of the brain has been identified as critical to emotional processing and memory?

You have developed a new medical device that can diagnose a deadly disease with 80% accuracy. According to information on the framing heuristic, which of the following would be the best way to present this new device to doctors?

Which heuristic involves deciding the probability that object A belongs to category B or that event A is a result of process B?

Research on the negativity bias suggests what about how we process negative information compared with positive information?

Alex is often nervous during exams, and seems to forget everything during the test only to remember it hours later when he is relaxed. What would you recommend Alex do to improve his performance on exams?

The belief that picking your own lottery numbers will result in a much better chance of winning the lottery reflects the illusion of control.

Which of the following best represents an evolutionary explanation for the negativity bias?

Which of the following is true regarding counterfactual thinking?

Which concept refers to the tendency to notice and remember negative information, which then influences the evaluation of people and situations?

A state of having more confidence in one's judgment or control over a situation than is really justified refers to what concept?

Which part of the brain plays a role in higher-order thinking, including judgment, decision making, and evaluation?

_____________ refers to how common a behaviour or characteristic is in the population.

What Is Social Psychology

The Science of Social Psychology

The Self

Social Perception

Attitudes

The Power of Persuasion

Social Influence

The Power of the Group

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Aggression

Attraction and Close Relationships

Prosocial Behaviour

Filters

Exam 3: Social Cognition

When you estimate your risk of dying of cancer based on the number of people you know who have been diagnosed, you are using the availability heuristic.

Which of the following statements is most accurate regarding the relationship between counterfactual thinking and mood?

According to information presented in your textbook, which of the following best describes why the anchoring and adjustment heuristic leads to problems when making decisions or judgments?

Describe a situation that illustrates the negativity bias.

Heuristics are useful mental shortcuts but they also have drawbacks. What could be considered one disadvantage of using the representativeness heuristic?

Triplet (1992) found that participants involved in a hypothetical medical decision task were more likely to label heterosexual patients as having AIDS (independent of their symptoms) relative to homosexual patients.

What area of the brain has been identified as critical to emotional processing and memory?

You have developed a new medical device that can diagnose a deadly disease with 80% accuracy. According to information on the framing heuristic, which of the following would be the best way to present this new device to doctors?

Which heuristic involves deciding the probability that object A belongs to category B or that event A is a result of process B?

Research on the negativity bias suggests what about how we process negative information compared with positive information?

Alex is often nervous during exams, and seems to forget everything during the test only to remember it hours later when he is relaxed. What would you recommend Alex do to improve his performance on exams?

The belief that picking your own lottery numbers will result in a much better chance of winning the lottery reflects the illusion of control.

Which of the following best represents an evolutionary explanation for the negativity bias?

Which of the following is true regarding counterfactual thinking?

Which concept refers to the tendency to notice and remember negative information, which then influences the evaluation of people and situations?

A state of having more confidence in one's judgment or control over a situation than is really justified refers to what concept?

Which part of the brain plays a role in higher-order thinking, including judgment, decision making, and evaluation?

_____________ refers to how common a behaviour or characteristic is in the population.

What Is Social Psychology

The Science of Social Psychology

The Self

Social Perception

Attitudes

The Power of Persuasion

Social Influence

The Power of the Group

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Aggression

Attraction and Close Relationships

Prosocial Behaviour

Filters