Question 1

Suppose someone doing a card trick claims to read other people's minds though psychic powers.What would most scientists seek?​

Accepted Answer

A) A more sensational explanation 
B) ​A more parsimonious explanation 
C) ​A more correlational explanation 
D) ​A more psychoanalytic explanation 
A) A more sensational explanation 
B) ​A more parsimonious explanation 
C) ​A more correlational explanation 
D) ​A more psychoanalytic explanation

Question 2

Researchers find that people who spend more time watching television spend less time reading.(Yeah,big surprise.)What kind of correlation does this study illustrate?​

Accepted Answer

A) Positive correlation 
B) ​Zero correlation 
C) ​Negative correlation 
D) ​Illusory correlation 
A) Positive correlation 
B) ​Zero correlation 
C) ​Negative correlation 
D) ​Illusory correlation

Question 3

The mean happiness of a country correlates positively with the education of women in the country.What conclusion,if any,can we draw from this result?​

Accepted Answer

A) Educated women make a country happier. 
B) ​As a country becomes happier, it increases education of its women. 
C) ​Wealthier countries tend to be happier, and to educate the women. 
D) ​We can draw none of these conclusions. 
A) Educated women make a country happier. 
B) ​As a country becomes happier, it increases education of its women. 
C) ​Wealthier countries tend to be happier, and to educate the women. 
D) ​We can draw none of these conclusions.

Question 4

The mean salary at your company is $100,000 per year,but most workers are earning minimum wage.How can the mean be so high?​

Accepted Answer

A) The median salary is much higher than the mean salary. 
B) ​The mean salary does not include the president's salary. 
C) ​The salaries at your company fit the normal distribution. 
D) ​A few people are earning extremely high salaries. 
A) The median salary is much higher than the mean salary. 
B) ​The mean salary does not include the president's salary. 
C) ​The salaries at your company fit the normal distribution. 
D) ​A few people are earning extremely high salaries.

Question 5

For children,the hours watching Sesame Street on television correlates positively with higher vocabulary.Which conclusion,if any,can we draw from this result?​

Accepted Answer

A) Watching Sesame Street increases children's vocabulary. 
B) ​Children with a good vocabulary enjoy watching Sesame Street. 
C) Upper-middle-class families have children with good vocabularies and encourage children to watch Sesame Street. 
D) ​None of these conclusions follow from the result. 
A) Watching Sesame Street increases children's vocabulary. 
B) ​Children with a good vocabulary enjoy watching Sesame Street. 
C) Upper-middle-class families have children with good vocabularies and encourage children to watch Sesame Street. 
D) ​None of these conclusions follow from the result.

Question 6

The correlation between A and B is higher than the correlation between C and D.What,if anything,can we conclude about causation?​

Accepted Answer

A) A causes B. 
B) ​A causes B, and C causes D. 
C) ​Either A causes B, or B causes A. 
D) ​We cannot conclude anything about causation. 
A) A causes B. 
B) ​A causes B, and C causes D. 
C) ​Either A causes B, or B causes A. 
D) ​We cannot conclude anything about causation.

Question 7

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "sadness"?​

Accepted Answer

A) An inability to experience joy or laughter 
B) ​A general feeling of discouragement or despair 
C) ​The number of tears shed during a day 
D) ​The emotional outcome after someone has felt an important loss 
A) An inability to experience joy or laughter 
B) ​A general feeling of discouragement or despair 
C) ​The number of tears shed during a day 
D) ​The emotional outcome after someone has felt an important loss

Question 8

If a researcher does not control anything,but measures the relationship between two variables,what is the research method?​

Accepted Answer

A) Correlation 
B) ​Single-blind experiment 
C) ​Double-blind experiment 
D) ​Cross-cultural study 
A) Correlation 
B) ​Single-blind experiment 
C) ​Double-blind experiment 
D) ​Cross-cultural study

Question 9

If p < 0.05,then which of the following is true?​

Accepted Answer

A) The result is larger than usually occurs by chance. 
B) ​The effectiveness of the treatment has been growing weaker over time. 
C) ​The difference between two groups is, on average, less than 5 percent. 
D) ​The apparent result of the experiment is difficult to replicate. 
A) The result is larger than usually occurs by chance. 
B) ​The effectiveness of the treatment has been growing weaker over time. 
C) ​The difference between two groups is, on average, less than 5 percent. 
D) ​The apparent result of the experiment is difficult to replicate.

Question 10

A survey reports how many high school students say they were "physically abused." Before we decide how seriously to take these results,which questions do we need to have answered?​

Accepted Answer

A) What were they told to include as examples of physical abuse? 
B) ​How many of them fought back after being physically abused? 
C) ​How many of them were seniors, juniors, and sophomores? 
D) ​Was this a double-blind study? 
A) What were they told to include as examples of physical abuse? 
B) ​How many of them fought back after being physically abused? 
C) ​How many of them were seniors, juniors, and sophomores? 
D) ​Was this a double-blind study?

Question 11

A researcher gives a new drug to 50 volunteers and later evaluates their behavior,reporting that the drug made them happier than similar people who did not volunteer.What is wrong with this study?​

Accepted Answer

A) The study lacks both an independent variable and a dependent variable. 
B) ​The study has too many independent variables and not enough demand characteristics. 
C) ​The people in the control group should have received the drug also. 
D) ​Participants were not assigned randomly and the observer was not blind. 
A) The study lacks both an independent variable and a dependent variable. 
B) ​The study has too many independent variables and not enough demand characteristics. 
C) ​The people in the control group should have received the drug also. 
D) ​Participants were not assigned randomly and the observer was not blind.

Question 12

A professor provides a special study guide to the students who chose seats in the front two rows of class.Later these students get better than average test scores.What is wrong with this experiment?​

Accepted Answer

A) The professor failed to provide demand characteristics. 
B) ​The procedure probably had too many independent variables. 
C) ​Students were not randomly assigned to groups. 
D) ​The experiment did not have a hypothesis. 
A) The professor failed to provide demand characteristics. 
B) ​The procedure probably had too many independent variables. 
C) ​Students were not randomly assigned to groups. 
D) ​The experiment did not have a hypothesis.

Question 13

The word science derives from a Latin word that means what?​

Accepted Answer

A) Laboratory 
B) ​Knowledge 
C) ​Questioning 
D) ​Progress 
A) Laboratory 
B) ​Knowledge 
C) ​Questioning 
D) ​Progress

Question 14

Ethical research with human participants requires which of the following?​

Accepted Answer

A) Always pay the participants at least a minimum wage for the hours spent. 
B) ​Start by informing people of the history of research on the topic being studied. 
C) ​Start by informing people of the procedures and asking for their consent. 
D) ​Conduct only the same type of procedures that other researchers have already used. 
A) Always pay the participants at least a minimum wage for the hours spent. 
B) ​Start by informing people of the history of research on the topic being studied. 
C) ​Start by informing people of the procedures and asking for their consent. 
D) ​Conduct only the same type of procedures that other researchers have already used.

Question 15

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "fearfulness"?​

Accepted Answer

A) A frequent sense of dread or tension 
B) ​A belief that the world tends to be a dangerous place 
C) ​The amount of increased heart beat after hearing a loud noise 
D) ​The opposite of a sense of relaxation and harmony 
A) A frequent sense of dread or tension 
B) ​A belief that the world tends to be a dangerous place 
C) ​The amount of increased heart beat after hearing a loud noise 
D) ​The opposite of a sense of relaxation and harmony

Question 16

What is meant by experimenter bias?​

Accepted Answer

A) It is the tendency for experimenters to come from certain ethnic groups more than others. 
B) ​It is the unwanted influence of an experimenter's expectations. 
C) ​It is the experimenter's preference for doing certain experiments more than others. 
D) ​It is someone's preference for doing experiments instead of correlations. 
A) It is the tendency for experimenters to come from certain ethnic groups more than others. 
B) ​It is the unwanted influence of an experimenter's expectations. 
C) ​It is the experimenter's preference for doing certain experiments more than others. 
D) ​It is someone's preference for doing experiments instead of correlations.

Question 17

If we want to know the central,or typical,score,when is the mean a misleading figure?​

Accepted Answer

A) If the scores fit the normal distribution 
B) ​If a few individuals score vastly higher or lower than most of the others 
C) ​If the mean, median, and mode are all the same score 
D) ​If the total number of scores is greater than a thousand 
A) If the scores fit the normal distribution 
B) ​If a few individuals score vastly higher or lower than most of the others 
C) ​If the mean, median, and mode are all the same score 
D) ​If the total number of scores is greater than a thousand

Question 18

If a researcher finds a near-zero correlation between variables A and B,one possible explanation is that the two variables are unrelated.What is the other possible explanation?​

Accepted Answer

A) The researcher had poor measurements of the variables. 
B) ​Whenever variable A increases, the value of B decreases. 
C) ​The mean value of A is equal to the mean value of B. 
D) ​Whenever variable A increases, the value of B increases also. 
A) The researcher had poor measurements of the variables. 
B) ​Whenever variable A increases, the value of B decreases. 
C) ​The mean value of A is equal to the mean value of B. 
D) ​Whenever variable A increases, the value of B increases also.

Question 19

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "effective motherhood"?​

Accepted Answer

A) A strong desire to do what is best for one's children 
B) ​A sense of security felt by the children themselves 
C) ​The number of children who survive to age 21 
D) ​A desire by the mother to conform to the best advice about motherhood 
A) A strong desire to do what is best for one's children 
B) ​A sense of security felt by the children themselves 
C) ​The number of children who survive to age 21 
D) ​A desire by the mother to conform to the best advice about motherhood

Question 20

Why is "falsifiable" considered a desirable thing for a theory?​

Accepted Answer

A) It means we have replaced it with a better theory. 
B) ​It means the theory is sufficiently interesting to attract opposition. 
C) ​It means that the theory makes clear, testable predictions. 
D) ​It means the theory is highly parsimonious. 
A) It means we have replaced it with a better theory. 
B) ​It means the theory is sufficiently interesting to attract opposition. 
C) ​It means that the theory makes clear, testable predictions. 
D) ​It means the theory is highly parsimonious.

Exam 2: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Suppose someone doing a card trick claims to read other people's minds though psychic powers.What would most scientists seek?​

Researchers find that people who spend more time watching television spend less time reading.(Yeah,big surprise.)What kind of correlation does this study illustrate?​

The mean happiness of a country correlates positively with the education of women in the country.What conclusion,if any,can we draw from this result?​

The mean salary at your company is $100,000 per year,but most workers are earning minimum wage.How can the mean be so high?​

For children,the hours watching Sesame Street on television correlates positively with higher vocabulary.Which conclusion,if any,can we draw from this result?​

The correlation between A and B is higher than the correlation between C and D.What,if anything,can we conclude about causation?​

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "sadness"?​

If a researcher does not control anything,but measures the relationship between two variables,what is the research method?​

If p < 0.05,then which of the following is true?​

A survey reports how many high school students say they were "physically abused." Before we decide how seriously to take these results,which questions do we need to have answered?​

A researcher gives a new drug to 50 volunteers and later evaluates their behavior,reporting that the drug made them happier than similar people who did not volunteer.What is wrong with this study?​

A professor provides a special study guide to the students who chose seats in the front two rows of class.Later these students get better than average test scores.What is wrong with this experiment?​

The word science derives from a Latin word that means what?​

Ethical research with human participants requires which of the following?​

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "fearfulness"?​

What is meant by experimenter bias?​

If we want to know the central,or typical,score,when is the mean a misleading figure?​

If a researcher finds a near-zero correlation between variables A and B,one possible explanation is that the two variables are unrelated.What is the other possible explanation?​

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "effective motherhood"?​

Why is "falsifiable" considered a desirable thing for a theory?​

What Is Psychology

A: Scientific Methods in Psychology

Biological Psychology

A: Biological Psychology

Sensation and Perception

A: Sensation and Perception

Development

A: Development

Learning

A: Learning

Memory

A: Memory

Cognition and Language

A: Cognition and Language

Intelligenceintelligence

A: Intelligence Intelligence

Consciousnessconsciousness

A: Consciousnessconsciousness

Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

A: Motivated Behaviorsmotivated Behaviors

Part 1 Emotions,stress,and Healthemotions,stress,and Health

A: Emotional,stress,and Healthemotional,stress,and Health

Social Psychologysocial Psychology

A: Social Psychologysocial Psychology

Personalitypersonality

A: Personalitypersonality

Part 1 Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

A: Abnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatmentabnormal Psychology: Disorders and Treatment

Filters

Suppose someone doing a card trick claims to read other people's minds though psychic powers.What would most scientists seek?

Researchers find that people who spend more time watching television spend less time reading.(Yeah,big surprise.)What kind of correlation does this study illustrate?

The mean happiness of a country correlates positively with the education of women in the country.What conclusion,if any,can we draw from this result?

The mean salary at your company is $100,000 per year,but most workers are earning minimum wage.How can the mean be so high?

For children,the hours watching Sesame Street on television correlates positively with higher vocabulary.Which conclusion,if any,can we draw from this result?

The correlation between A and B is higher than the correlation between C and D.What,if anything,can we conclude about causation?

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "sadness"?

If a researcher does not control anything,but measures the relationship between two variables,what is the research method?

If p < 0.05,then which of the following is true?

A survey reports how many high school students say they were "physically abused." Before we decide how seriously to take these results,which questions do we need to have answered?

A researcher gives a new drug to 50 volunteers and later evaluates their behavior,reporting that the drug made them happier than similar people who did not volunteer.What is wrong with this study?

A professor provides a special study guide to the students who chose seats in the front two rows of class.Later these students get better than average test scores.What is wrong with this experiment?

The word science derives from a Latin word that means what?

Ethical research with human participants requires which of the following?

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "fearfulness"?

What is meant by experimenter bias?

If we want to know the central,or typical,score,when is the mean a misleading figure?

If a researcher finds a near-zero correlation between variables A and B,one possible explanation is that the two variables are unrelated.What is the other possible explanation?

Which of the following could be an operational definition of "effective motherhood"?

Why is "falsifiable" considered a desirable thing for a theory?