Question 1

In contrast to using punishment to stop behaviors, most experts believe in looking for positive behaviors and ___________ them.

Accepted Answer

A)  overlooking 
B)  avoiding 
C)  attending to 
D)  reinforcing 
A)  overlooking 
B)  avoiding 
C)  attending to 
D)  reinforcing D

Question 2

Max doesn't understand why Sharon refuses to study as much for the psychology exam as he. Sharon explains that grades just aren't as important to her. This difference in the reinforcing power of good grades for Max and Sharon is related to

Accepted Answer

A)  values. 
B)  prejudice. 
C)  expectations. 
D)  cues. 
A)  values. 
B)  prejudice. 
C)  expectations. 
D)  cues. A

Question 3

Some of Freud's work is considered controversial today because of his undue emphasis on

Accepted Answer

A)  early childhood experience. 
B)  late adulthood experience. 
C)  puberty. 
D)  sexual urges. 
A)  early childhood experience. 
B)  late adulthood experience. 
C)  puberty. 
D)  sexual urges. D

Question 4

Rogers is to Maslow as

Accepted Answer

A)  self-actualization is to self-esteem. 
B)  self is to others. 
C)  self-esteem is to self-actualization. 
D)  others is to self. 
A)  self-actualization is to self-esteem. 
B)  self is to others. 
C)  self-esteem is to self-actualization. 
D)  others is to self.

Question 5

According to ________, we learn by associating a neutral stimulus with a natural, biological stimulus.

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning 
B)  humanistic theory 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  observational learning 
A)  classical conditioning 
B)  humanistic theory 
C)  operant conditioning 
D)  observational learning

Question 6

Grant helped Morgan by taking out the trash at her apartment on pickup day. He found that his assistance reduced her stress level and made her less likely to get upset at him. Therefore, he continued to take out her trash. In this case, Morgan's reduction of stress and anger toward Grant is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive punishment. 
D)  negative punishment. 
A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive punishment. 
D)  negative punishment.

Question 7

Meagan finds that studying for a test reduces her anxiety toward the test. As a result, she continues to study for upcoming exams. This reduction in anxiety is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive punishment. 
D)  negative punishment. 
A)  positive reinforcement. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  positive punishment. 
D)  negative punishment.

Question 8

Chris meets with Dr. Brown because he believes his desire for sex is at conflict with his church's expectation of waiting until marriage. Which approach would consider this a conflict between satisfying urges and societal expectation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trait 
B)  Psychoanalytic 
C)  Behaviorist 
D)  Humanist 
A)  Trait 
B)  Psychoanalytic 
C)  Behaviorist 
D)  Humanist

Question 9

Social learning theorists differ from behaviorists in that social learning theorists

Accepted Answer

A)  only focus on behavior in response to environmental stimuli, and behaviorists focus on the mental activity that can accompany behavior. 
B)  are happier people, whereas behaviorists respond negatively to bells in their environment. 
C)  focus on the mental activity that can accompany behavior, and behaviorists only focus on behavior in response to environmental stimuli. 
D)  believe that most learning occurs in large groups of people. 
A)  only focus on behavior in response to environmental stimuli, and behaviorists focus on the mental activity that can accompany behavior. 
B)  are happier people, whereas behaviorists respond negatively to bells in their environment. 
C)  focus on the mental activity that can accompany behavior, and behaviorists only focus on behavior in response to environmental stimuli. 
D)  believe that most learning occurs in large groups of people.

Question 10

People low in _______ are more conventional, down to earth, and comfortable with familiarity than are people who are high in this trait.

Accepted Answer

A)  extraversion 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  openness to experience 
D)  conscientiousness 
A)  extraversion 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  openness to experience 
D)  conscientiousness

Question 11

Through a series of stimuli and responses, Little Albert developed a fear of rats. Eventually it became clear that Albert was also afraid of other white furry animals, such as rabbits and dogs. Becoming afraid of stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimuli is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  extinction. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  fright. 
A)  extinction. 
B)  shaping. 
C)  generalization. 
D)  fright.

Question 12

A(n) _______ is a set of beliefs that has been tested a number of times and is considered valid.

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis 
B)  research question 
C)  theory 
D)  analysis 
A)  hypothesis 
B)  research question 
C)  theory 
D)  analysis

Question 13

Although group projects are difficult for many college students, Dante soon emerged as a well-liked leader who considered others' viewpoints even when they were different from his own. According to Rogers, Dante is

Accepted Answer

A)  an optimist. 
B)  a fully functioning person. 
C)  self-actualized. 
D)  agreeable. 
A)  an optimist. 
B)  a fully functioning person. 
C)  self-actualized. 
D)  agreeable.

Question 14

Which of the following traits appears to be an influential factor in marriage for males and females?

Accepted Answer

A)  Agreeableness 
B)  Openness 
C)  Conscientiousness 
D)  Extraversion 
A)  Agreeableness 
B)  Openness 
C)  Conscientiousness 
D)  Extraversion

Question 15

Which structure of the personality operates on the reality principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Id 
B)  Ego 
C)  Superego 
D)  Superid 
A)  Id 
B)  Ego 
C)  Superego 
D)  Superid

Question 16

A person's pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are consistent over time and across situations is also known as his or her

Accepted Answer

A)  personality. 
B)  personal description. 
C)  self-esteem. 
D)  possible self. 
A)  personality. 
B)  personal description. 
C)  self-esteem. 
D)  possible self.

Question 17

People who score higher in which of the following Big Five traits are more likely to have satisfied partners?

Accepted Answer

A)  Agreeableness 
B)  Openness to experience 
C)  Conscientiousness 
D)  Emotional stability 
A)  Agreeableness 
B)  Openness to experience 
C)  Conscientiousness 
D)  Emotional stability

Question 18

Learning based on associating behaviors with the consequences they have previously produced is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  social learning. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  operant conditioning. 
C)  spontaneous recovery. 
D)  social learning.

Question 19

Observational learning or learning behaviors by watching others engaged in them is also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  modeling. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  studying. 
D)  operant conditioning. 
A)  modeling. 
B)  classical conditioning. 
C)  studying. 
D)  operant conditioning.

Question 20

When our anxiety is high, we can use _______ to resolve that anxiety.

Accepted Answer

A)  self-defense 
B)  defense mechanisms 
C)  preconscious technique 
D)  self-esteem 
A)  self-defense 
B)  defense mechanisms 
C)  preconscious technique 
D)  self-esteem

In contrast to using punishment to stop behaviors, most experts believe in looking for positive behaviors and ___________ them.

Max doesn't understand why Sharon refuses to study as much for the psychology exam as he. Sharon explains that grades just aren't as important to her. This difference in the reinforcing power of good grades for Max and Sharon is related to

Some of Freud's work is considered controversial today because of his undue emphasis on

Rogers is to Maslow as

According to ________, we learn by associating a neutral stimulus with a natural, biological stimulus.

Meagan finds that studying for a test reduces her anxiety toward the test. As a result, she continues to study for upcoming exams. This reduction in anxiety is an example of

Chris meets with Dr. Brown because he believes his desire for sex is at conflict with his church's expectation of waiting until marriage. Which approach would consider this a conflict between satisfying urges and societal expectation?

Social learning theorists differ from behaviorists in that social learning theorists

People low in _______ are more conventional, down to earth, and comfortable with familiarity than are people who are high in this trait.

Through a series of stimuli and responses, Little Albert developed a fear of rats. Eventually it became clear that Albert was also afraid of other white furry animals, such as rabbits and dogs. Becoming afraid of stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimuli is also known as

A(n) _______ is a set of beliefs that has been tested a number of times and is considered valid.

Although group projects are difficult for many college students, Dante soon emerged as a well-liked leader who considered others' viewpoints even when they were different from his own. According to Rogers, Dante is

Which of the following traits appears to be an influential factor in marriage for males and females?

Which structure of the personality operates on the reality principle?

A person's pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are consistent over time and across situations is also known as his or her

People who score higher in which of the following Big Five traits are more likely to have satisfied partners?

Learning based on associating behaviors with the consequences they have previously produced is known as

Observational learning or learning behaviors by watching others engaged in them is also known as

When our anxiety is high, we can use _______ to resolve that anxiety.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

The Role of Perception in Human Relations

Social Influence in Our Relations With Others

Prejudice: Foundations, Causes, Effects, and Remedies

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters

Exam 3: How Personality Influences Human Relations

In contrast to using punishment to stop behaviors, most experts believe in looking for positive behaviors and ___________ them.

Max doesn't understand why Sharon refuses to study as much for the psychology exam as he. Sharon explains that grades just aren't as important to her. This difference in the reinforcing power of good grades for Max and Sharon is related to

Some of Freud's work is considered controversial today because of his undue emphasis on

Rogers is to Maslow as

According to ________, we learn by associating a neutral stimulus with a natural, biological stimulus.

Meagan finds that studying for a test reduces her anxiety toward the test. As a result, she continues to study for upcoming exams. This reduction in anxiety is an example of

Chris meets with Dr. Brown because he believes his desire for sex is at conflict with his church's expectation of waiting until marriage. Which approach would consider this a conflict between satisfying urges and societal expectation?

Social learning theorists differ from behaviorists in that social learning theorists

People low in _______ are more conventional, down to earth, and comfortable with familiarity than are people who are high in this trait.

Through a series of stimuli and responses, Little Albert developed a fear of rats. Eventually it became clear that Albert was also afraid of other white furry animals, such as rabbits and dogs. Becoming afraid of stimuli similar to the original conditioned stimuli is also known as

A(n) _______ is a set of beliefs that has been tested a number of times and is considered valid.

Although group projects are difficult for many college students, Dante soon emerged as a well-liked leader who considered others' viewpoints even when they were different from his own. According to Rogers, Dante is

Which of the following traits appears to be an influential factor in marriage for males and females?

Which structure of the personality operates on the reality principle?

A person's pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are consistent over time and across situations is also known as his or her

People who score higher in which of the following Big Five traits are more likely to have satisfied partners?

Learning based on associating behaviors with the consequences they have previously produced is known as

Observational learning or learning behaviors by watching others engaged in them is also known as

When our anxiety is high, we can use _______ to resolve that anxiety.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

The Role of Perception in Human Relations

Social Influence in Our Relations With Others

Prejudice: Foundations, Causes, Effects, and Remedies

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters