Question 1

The ________ model of memory suggests that we learn information through a process involving sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory.

Accepted Answer

A)  universal 
B)  three-box 
C)  process 
D)  situational 
A)  universal 
B)  three-box 
C)  process 
D)  situational B

Question 2

One way to diminish the influence of primacy effect is to

Accepted Answer

A)  rely instead on the recency effect. 
B)  be mindful of its existence and its power over our judgment. 
C)  only be influenced by positive information. 
D)  let the target person know that his or her first impression will be most influential on you. 
A)  rely instead on the recency effect. 
B)  be mindful of its existence and its power over our judgment. 
C)  only be influenced by positive information. 
D)  let the target person know that his or her first impression will be most influential on you. B

Question 3

Why are non-Western cultures beginning to adopt the Western view of voluptuous women?

Accepted Answer

A)  Governmental interventions 
B)  Access to healthier foods 
C)  Concern about health 
D)  Increasing exposure to Western media 
A)  Governmental interventions 
B)  Access to healthier foods 
C)  Concern about health 
D)  Increasing exposure to Western media D

Question 4

Which of the following is an example of an individual difference capable of influencing the perceptions of others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eye contact 
B)  Personal space 
C)  Physical state 
D)  Talking rules 
A)  Eye contact 
B)  Personal space 
C)  Physical state 
D)  Talking rules

Question 5

Loftus' (1974) study found that witnesses increased the estimated speed of a car in a crash by 20 percent when

Accepted Answer

A)  they were told the car was a sports car. 
B)  they were asked whether the cars smashed or hit one another. 
C)  they watched the videos of the crash multiple times. 
D)  they watched the video with the sound muted. 
A)  they were told the car was a sports car. 
B)  they were asked whether the cars smashed or hit one another. 
C)  they watched the videos of the crash multiple times. 
D)  they watched the video with the sound muted.

Question 6

Derek realized his girlfriend, Sherry, seemed particularly stressed out when it was exam time, but not during other times. According to Kelley's attributional model, Sherry's stressed-out behavior is

Accepted Answer

A)  consistent. 
B)  distinctive. 
C)  similar to other's. 
D)  committed. 
A)  consistent. 
B)  distinctive. 
C)  similar to other's. 
D)  committed.

Question 7

According to research on personal space, our urge to back up when another comes too close allows us to

Accepted Answer

A)  establish power during an interaction. 
B)  reestablish a comfortable distance. 
C)  reduce warmth between those talking. 
D)  diminish personal space boundaries between acquaintances. 
A)  establish power during an interaction. 
B)  reestablish a comfortable distance. 
C)  reduce warmth between those talking. 
D)  diminish personal space boundaries between acquaintances.

Question 8

Jeff and Susan have just celebrated their five-year anniversary. Susan's friend Sarah comments to Susan at the reception that she has noticed that Susan and Jeff act the same now as they did when they first got married. She goes on to ask Susan if their whole marriage has been this way or if they ever experienced difficulty in their relationship. What answer would you expect from Susan based on the study by Holmberg & Holmes (1994)?

Accepted Answer

A)  As newlyweds, they did experience some problems in their marriage. 
B)  They have experienced marital problems which have weakened their marriage, but they continue to work through their problems. 
C)  She remembers the happy times when they were first married even though money was tight. 
D)  She finds it difficult to remember happy or sad times from her early marriage. 
A)  As newlyweds, they did experience some problems in their marriage. 
B)  They have experienced marital problems which have weakened their marriage, but they continue to work through their problems. 
C)  She remembers the happy times when they were first married even though money was tight. 
D)  She finds it difficult to remember happy or sad times from her early marriage.

Question 9

Which of the following is an example of a group difference or cultural factor capable of influencing our perceptions of others?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical senses 
B)  Physical state 
C)  Physical appearance 
D)  Eye contact 
A)  Physical senses 
B)  Physical state 
C)  Physical appearance 
D)  Eye contact

Question 10

Holmberg & Holmes (1994) surveyed married couples just after marriage and then again after two years. What was the outcome of this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Couples whose marriages were going well remembered having problems as newlyweds, while couples who were experiencing marital difficulties remembered being happy as newlyweds. 
B)  Couples whose marriages were going well remembered being very happy as newlyweds, while couples who were experiencing marital difficulties remembered having problems even as newlyweds. 
C)  It didn't matter whether the marriage was going well, as all participants remembered being happy as newlyweds. 
D)  It didn't matter whether the marriage was going well, as all participants remembered having problems as newlyweds. 
A)  Couples whose marriages were going well remembered having problems as newlyweds, while couples who were experiencing marital difficulties remembered being happy as newlyweds. 
B)  Couples whose marriages were going well remembered being very happy as newlyweds, while couples who were experiencing marital difficulties remembered having problems even as newlyweds. 
C)  It didn't matter whether the marriage was going well, as all participants remembered being happy as newlyweds. 
D)  It didn't matter whether the marriage was going well, as all participants remembered having problems as newlyweds.

Question 11

In order to avoid the errors associated with mental shortcuts

Accepted Answer

A)  we should avoid using them altogether. 
B)  we need to recognize how they influence our own judgments. 
C)  we should gain more experience using mental shortcuts to reduce errors. 
D)  we should have others monitor our use of mental shortcuts. 
A)  we should avoid using them altogether. 
B)  we need to recognize how they influence our own judgments. 
C)  we should gain more experience using mental shortcuts to reduce errors. 
D)  we should have others monitor our use of mental shortcuts.

Question 12

Because talking is a dominant means of contact in the United States, we tend to avoid conversations with

Accepted Answer

A)  too many words. 
B)  periods of silence. 
C)  many interruptions. 
D)  other people. 
A)  too many words. 
B)  periods of silence. 
C)  many interruptions. 
D)  other people.

Question 13

In _______________, it is common to eat with the right hand, using no utensils, while passing food with the left hand.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mexico 
B)  Canada 
C)  India 
D)  Russia 
A)  Mexico 
B)  Canada 
C)  India 
D)  Russia

Question 14

When it comes to the use of small talk,

Accepted Answer

A)  Americans value its use, whereas Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures value efficiency in conversation. 
B)  American, Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures equally value the use of small talk in conversation. 
C)  Americans value efficiency in conversation, especially when it comes to business, whereas individuals from Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures value the use of small talk before conducting business. 
D)  Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures do not value small talk before business with acquaintances, but they are more likely to use it with strangers. 
A)  Americans value its use, whereas Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures value efficiency in conversation. 
B)  American, Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures equally value the use of small talk in conversation. 
C)  Americans value efficiency in conversation, especially when it comes to business, whereas individuals from Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures value the use of small talk before conducting business. 
D)  Asian, Southern European, and Middle Eastern cultures do not value small talk before business with acquaintances, but they are more likely to use it with strangers.

Question 15

The intimate zone of personal space spans

Accepted Answer

A)  0-18 inches. 
B)  18 inches to 4 feet. 
C)  4-12 feet. 
D)  12-20 feet. 
A)  0-18 inches. 
B)  18 inches to 4 feet. 
C)  4-12 feet. 
D)  12-20 feet.

Question 16

Studies show that people in _____________ find bigger bodies to be more attractive because they are a sign of high status, wealth, health, and fertility.

Accepted Answer

A)  Africa 
B)  Brazil 
C)  the Czech Republic 
D)  the Dominican Republic 
A)  Africa 
B)  Brazil 
C)  the Czech Republic 
D)  the Dominican Republic

Question 17

Carina went through a sexual assault, so when she heard all of the women tell their stories about being allegedly raped by Bill Cosby, she completely believed them-especially in light of her research on sexual assault statistics in the United States. On the other hand, Morgan grew up loving The Cosby Show and viewed Bill Cosby as a lovable, trustworthy father figure, so she refused to believe the allegations. Which of the following is behind Carina's difference in opinion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Confirmation bias 
B)  Primacy effect 
C)  Recency effect 
D)  Attribution error 
A)  Confirmation bias 
B)  Primacy effect 
C)  Recency effect 
D)  Attribution error

Question 18

The ________________involves our tendency to seek out and pay attention to information that supports our preexisting notions, and also to ignore contradictory information.

Accepted Answer

A)  primacy effect 
B)  false consensus bias 
C)  false uniqueness bias 
D)  confirmation bias 
A)  primacy effect 
B)  false consensus bias 
C)  false uniqueness bias 
D)  confirmation bias

Question 19

When considering our talents, abilities, or positive qualities, we tend to see ourselves as more unique than we actually are. This is known as the

Accepted Answer

A)  false consensus bias. 
B)  false individual effect. 
C)  false uniqueness bias. 
D)  self-perception effect. 
A)  false consensus bias. 
B)  false individual effect. 
C)  false uniqueness bias. 
D)  self-perception effect.

Question 20

When it was Ana's birthday, her new boyfriend excitedly gave her a gift. He was surprised when she first refused to accept the gift a few times and then would not open it in his presence. What he didn't realize is that this is customary in ____________, where Ana's parents were raised.

Accepted Answer

A)  Kenya 
B)  China 
C)  Pakistan 
D)  Russia 
A)  Kenya 
B)  China 
C)  Pakistan 
D)  Russia

The ________ model of memory suggests that we learn information through a process involving sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory.

One way to diminish the influence of primacy effect is to

Why are non-Western cultures beginning to adopt the Western view of voluptuous women?

Which of the following is an example of an individual difference capable of influencing the perceptions of others?

Loftus' (1974) study found that witnesses increased the estimated speed of a car in a crash by 20 percent when

Derek realized his girlfriend, Sherry, seemed particularly stressed out when it was exam time, but not during other times. According to Kelley's attributional model, Sherry's stressed-out behavior is

According to research on personal space, our urge to back up when another comes too close allows us to

Which of the following is an example of a group difference or cultural factor capable of influencing our perceptions of others?

Holmberg & Holmes (1994) surveyed married couples just after marriage and then again after two years. What was the outcome of this study?

In order to avoid the errors associated with mental shortcuts

Because talking is a dominant means of contact in the United States, we tend to avoid conversations with

In _______________, it is common to eat with the right hand, using no utensils, while passing food with the left hand.

When it comes to the use of small talk,

The intimate zone of personal space spans

Studies show that people in _____________ find bigger bodies to be more attractive because they are a sign of high status, wealth, health, and fertility.

The ________________involves our tendency to seek out and pay attention to information that supports our preexisting notions, and also to ignore contradictory information.

When considering our talents, abilities, or positive qualities, we tend to see ourselves as more unique than we actually are. This is known as the

When it was Ana's birthday, her new boyfriend excitedly gave her a gift. He was surprised when she first refused to accept the gift a few times and then would not open it in his presence. What he didn't realize is that this is customary in ____________, where Ana's parents were raised.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

How Personality Influences Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

Social Influence in Our Relations With Others

Prejudice: Foundations, Causes, Effects, and Remedies

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters

Exam 5: The Role of Perception in Human Relations

The ________ model of memory suggests that we learn information through a process involving sensory memory, working memory, and long-term memory.

One way to diminish the influence of primacy effect is to

Why are non-Western cultures beginning to adopt the Western view of voluptuous women?

Which of the following is an example of an individual difference capable of influencing the perceptions of others?

Loftus' (1974) study found that witnesses increased the estimated speed of a car in a crash by 20 percent when

Derek realized his girlfriend, Sherry, seemed particularly stressed out when it was exam time, but not during other times. According to Kelley's attributional model, Sherry's stressed-out behavior is

According to research on personal space, our urge to back up when another comes too close allows us to

Which of the following is an example of a group difference or cultural factor capable of influencing our perceptions of others?

Holmberg & Holmes (1994) surveyed married couples just after marriage and then again after two years. What was the outcome of this study?

In order to avoid the errors associated with mental shortcuts

Because talking is a dominant means of contact in the United States, we tend to avoid conversations with

In _______________, it is common to eat with the right hand, using no utensils, while passing food with the left hand.

When it comes to the use of small talk,

The intimate zone of personal space spans

Studies show that people in _____________ find bigger bodies to be more attractive because they are a sign of high status, wealth, health, and fertility.

The ________________involves our tendency to seek out and pay attention to information that supports our preexisting notions, and also to ignore contradictory information.

When considering our talents, abilities, or positive qualities, we tend to see ourselves as more unique than we actually are. This is known as the

When it was Ana's birthday, her new boyfriend excitedly gave her a gift. He was surprised when she first refused to accept the gift a few times and then would not open it in his presence. What he didn't realize is that this is customary in ____________, where Ana's parents were raised.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

How Personality Influences Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

Social Influence in Our Relations With Others

Prejudice: Foundations, Causes, Effects, and Remedies

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters