Question 1

The principle of scarcity is most effective in _________________ cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)  high uncertainty avoidance 
B)  low uncertainty avoidance 
C)  collectivistic 
D)  individualistic 
A)  high uncertainty avoidance 
B)  low uncertainty avoidance 
C)  collectivistic 
D)  individualistic

Question 2

One study had individuals participate in an "art appreciation study." In one condition of the real study on reciprocity, one participant (actually a confederate to the experiment) offered the other participant a Coke. After the experiment, the confederate asked the real participant to buy a raffle ticket. What was the outcome of this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Participants across the Coke/no Coke conditions were equally likely to buy raffle tickets. 
B)  Only participants in the no Coke condition bought raffle tickets. 
C)  Neither participants in the Coke or no Coke conditions bought raffle tickets. 
D)  Participants in the Coke condition bought, on average, twice as many raffle tickets as participants in the no Coke condition. 
A)  Participants across the Coke/no Coke conditions were equally likely to buy raffle tickets. 
B)  Only participants in the no Coke condition bought raffle tickets. 
C)  Neither participants in the Coke or no Coke conditions bought raffle tickets. 
D)  Participants in the Coke condition bought, on average, twice as many raffle tickets as participants in the no Coke condition.

Question 3

Applicants for the Stanford Prison Study were screened for physical and mental health, as well as randomly assigned to the prisoner and guard conditions. This was important because it

Accepted Answer

A)  minimized the effects of the situation. 
B)  ruled out the effects of individual differences that could have contributed to differences in behavior. 
C)  decreased the insurance premiums charged to the university. 
D)  protected those individuals running the study from harm. 
A)  minimized the effects of the situation. 
B)  ruled out the effects of individual differences that could have contributed to differences in behavior. 
C)  decreased the insurance premiums charged to the university. 
D)  protected those individuals running the study from harm.

Question 4

A Dutch study created a new obedience paradigm by asking men and women to make a series of 15 negative and derogatory comments to a prospective job applicant. As the applicant (really a confederate) became increasingly distressed, the participant, either in the presence or absence of an experimenter, made a choice of whether to stop the comments. What was the outcome of this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Control group participants who did not have an experimenter present read the entire list of statements. 
B)  There was no difference in the number of words read as a function of the presence or absence of the experimenter. 
C)  When the experimenter was present, 92 percent of the participants read all of the derogatory words to the confederate. 
D)  When the experimenter was not present, participants and confederates chatted, and no data were collected. 
A)  Control group participants who did not have an experimenter present read the entire list of statements. 
B)  There was no difference in the number of words read as a function of the presence or absence of the experimenter. 
C)  When the experimenter was present, 92 percent of the participants read all of the derogatory words to the confederate. 
D)  When the experimenter was not present, participants and confederates chatted, and no data were collected.

Question 5

According to your text, people in ___________ cultures tended to be influenced by others more than people in ___________ cultures.

Accepted Answer

A)  individualistic; collectivistic 
B)  collectivistic; individualistic 
C)  disobedient; obedient 
D)  masculine; feminine 
A)  individualistic; collectivistic 
B)  collectivistic; individualistic 
C)  disobedient; obedient 
D)  masculine; feminine

Question 6

Of all the cross-cultural Milgram replications, the highest obedience rates belong to individuals from

Accepted Answer

A)  America. 
B)  Europe. 
C)  South Africa. 
D)  Germany. 
A)  America. 
B)  Europe. 
C)  South Africa. 
D)  Germany.

Question 7

Jason announced to everyone that on Monday he was going to the gym. This public announcement uses the principle of _________ in a positive way.

Accepted Answer

A)  approval 
B)  commitment 
C)  scarcity 
D)  liking 
A)  approval 
B)  commitment 
C)  scarcity 
D)  liking

Question 8

The extensive debriefings of the participants in the Stanford Prison Experiment revealed that participants who had the role of prisoners

Accepted Answer

A)  were not aware of how depersonalized they had become. 
B)  never abandoned their concerns for others. 
C)  were struck by the fact that their grasp on reality could be endangered so quickly. 
D)  were not as shaken up as they previously thought. 
A)  were not aware of how depersonalized they had become. 
B)  never abandoned their concerns for others. 
C)  were struck by the fact that their grasp on reality could be endangered so quickly. 
D)  were not as shaken up as they previously thought.

Question 9

One factor that influences how far a "teacher" shocked the "learner" involved the physical distance between the two. In close proximity, the teacher delivered

Accepted Answer

A)  the same number of shocks. 
B)  fewer shocks. 
C)  more shocks. 
D)  shocks as well as verbal reprimands. 
A)  the same number of shocks. 
B)  fewer shocks. 
C)  more shocks. 
D)  shocks as well as verbal reprimands.

Question 10

When we are unsure of how to behave, we often look to others to gain information about rules for appropriate behavior in a culture or subculture. These rules are also known as

Accepted Answer

A)  informal policies. 
B)  laws. 
C)  social norms. 
D)  overgeneralizations. 
A)  informal policies. 
B)  laws. 
C)  social norms. 
D)  overgeneralizations.

Question 11

Milgram (1974) designed his experiment to demonstrate that Americans

Accepted Answer

A)  would obey authority even if it meant hurting others. 
B)  would not obey authority if it meant hurting others. 
C)  would not differ from others on measures of obedience. 
D)  would have the capacity to carry out an order to commit mass execution. 
A)  would obey authority even if it meant hurting others. 
B)  would not obey authority if it meant hurting others. 
C)  would not differ from others on measures of obedience. 
D)  would have the capacity to carry out an order to commit mass execution.

Question 12

Audrey agreed to do her homework when her mother asked in order to avoid punishment. In this case, agreeing to the request is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social proof. 
B)  obedience. 
C)  compliance. 
D)  conformity. 
A)  social proof. 
B)  obedience. 
C)  compliance. 
D)  conformity.

Question 13

Conformity is necessary for society because it

Accepted Answer

A)  allows people to know to which groups they belong. 
B)  helps maintain a sense of order. 
C)  accentuates what makes us different from one another. 
D)  decreases feelings of belonging. 
A)  allows people to know to which groups they belong. 
B)  helps maintain a sense of order. 
C)  accentuates what makes us different from one another. 
D)  decreases feelings of belonging.

Question 14

Obedience is distinguished from compliance by the addition of a ___________ for refusal.

Accepted Answer

A)  positive consequence 
B)  neutral stimulus 
C)  liking 
D)  negative consequence 
A)  positive consequence 
B)  neutral stimulus 
C)  liking 
D)  negative consequence

Question 15

What historical event was Milgram trying to understand when he developed his 1974 experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  The atrocities perpetuated on the Jews by the Nazis 
B)  The stock market crash of 1929 
C)  The bombing of Pearl Harbor 
D)  Prisoner behavior at Abu Ghraib prison 
A)  The atrocities perpetuated on the Jews by the Nazis 
B)  The stock market crash of 1929 
C)  The bombing of Pearl Harbor 
D)  Prisoner behavior at Abu Ghraib prison

Question 16

People in ______________ cultures are more prone to engaging in negative reciprocity behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  collectivistic 
B)  individualistic 
C)  high power distance 
D)  low power distance 
A)  collectivistic 
B)  individualistic 
C)  high power distance 
D)  low power distance

Question 17

Jessica borrowed a pencil from a classmate on Tuesday. On Thursday, she asked the same classmate to borrow a calculator. Based on the principle of commitment, predict what the classmate will do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loan her another pencil. 
B)  Refuse to loan her the calculator. 
C)  Loan her another student's calculator. 
D)  Loan her the calculator. 
A)  Loan her another pencil. 
B)  Refuse to loan her the calculator. 
C)  Loan her another student's calculator. 
D)  Loan her the calculator.

Question 18

People in ______________ cultures are more susceptible to the principle of commitment.

Accepted Answer

A)  individualistic 
B)  high uncertainty avoidance 
C)  low power distance 
D)  collectivistic 
A)  individualistic 
B)  high uncertainty avoidance 
C)  low power distance 
D)  collectivistic

Question 19

According to the principle of ______, we are more likely to agree to a request when the person asking is someone we like.

Accepted Answer

A)  liking 
B)  admiration 
C)  caring 
D)  attraction 
A)  liking 
B)  admiration 
C)  caring 
D)  attraction

Question 20

In one replication of Milgram's (1974) study, three participants shocked the "learner" rather than one. Two of those "participants" were actually confederates, and at one point in the study, they refused to shock the learner. When the two other teachers defied the experimenter, the conformity level of the actual participant

Accepted Answer

A)  increased. 
B)  decreased. 
C)  stayed the same. 
D)  changed over time. 
A)  increased. 
B)  decreased. 
C)  stayed the same. 
D)  changed over time.

The principle of scarcity is most effective in _________________ cultures.

Applicants for the Stanford Prison Study were screened for physical and mental health, as well as randomly assigned to the prisoner and guard conditions. This was important because it

According to your text, people in _ cultures tended to be influenced by others more than people in _ cultures.

Of all the cross-cultural Milgram replications, the highest obedience rates belong to individuals from

Jason announced to everyone that on Monday he was going to the gym. This public announcement uses the principle of _________ in a positive way.

The extensive debriefings of the participants in the Stanford Prison Experiment revealed that participants who had the role of prisoners

One factor that influences how far a "teacher" shocked the "learner" involved the physical distance between the two. In close proximity, the teacher delivered

When we are unsure of how to behave, we often look to others to gain information about rules for appropriate behavior in a culture or subculture. These rules are also known as

Milgram (1974) designed his experiment to demonstrate that Americans

Audrey agreed to do her homework when her mother asked in order to avoid punishment. In this case, agreeing to the request is an example of

Conformity is necessary for society because it

Obedience is distinguished from compliance by the addition of a ___________ for refusal.

What historical event was Milgram trying to understand when he developed his 1974 experiment?

People in ______________ cultures are more prone to engaging in negative reciprocity behaviors.

Jessica borrowed a pencil from a classmate on Tuesday. On Thursday, she asked the same classmate to borrow a calculator. Based on the principle of commitment, predict what the classmate will do?

People in ______________ cultures are more susceptible to the principle of commitment.

According to the principle of ______, we are more likely to agree to a request when the person asking is someone we like.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

How Personality Influences Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

The Role of Perception in Human Relations

Prejudice: Foundations, Causes, Effects, and Remedies

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters

Exam 6: Social Influence in Our Relations With Others

The principle of scarcity is most effective in _________________ cultures.

Applicants for the Stanford Prison Study were screened for physical and mental health, as well as randomly assigned to the prisoner and guard conditions. This was important because it

According to your text, people in ___________ cultures tended to be influenced by others more than people in ___________ cultures.

Of all the cross-cultural Milgram replications, the highest obedience rates belong to individuals from

Jason announced to everyone that on Monday he was going to the gym. This public announcement uses the principle of _________ in a positive way.

The extensive debriefings of the participants in the Stanford Prison Experiment revealed that participants who had the role of prisoners

One factor that influences how far a "teacher" shocked the "learner" involved the physical distance between the two. In close proximity, the teacher delivered

When we are unsure of how to behave, we often look to others to gain information about rules for appropriate behavior in a culture or subculture. These rules are also known as

Milgram (1974) designed his experiment to demonstrate that Americans

Audrey agreed to do her homework when her mother asked in order to avoid punishment. In this case, agreeing to the request is an example of

Conformity is necessary for society because it

Obedience is distinguished from compliance by the addition of a ___________ for refusal.

What historical event was Milgram trying to understand when he developed his 1974 experiment?

People in ______________ cultures are more prone to engaging in negative reciprocity behaviors.

Jessica borrowed a pencil from a classmate on Tuesday. On Thursday, she asked the same classmate to borrow a calculator. Based on the principle of commitment, predict what the classmate will do?

People in ______________ cultures are more susceptible to the principle of commitment.

According to the principle of ______, we are more likely to agree to a request when the person asking is someone we like.

Foundations of Human Relations

The Self in Human Relations

How Personality Influences Human Relations

Emotions, Stress, and Human Relations

The Role of Perception in Human Relations

Prejudice: Foundations, Causes, Effects, and Remedies

Listening

Verbal and Nonverbal Communication

Conflict and Conflict Resolution

Key Concepts in Intimate Relationships

Filters

According to your text, people in _ cultures tended to be influenced by others more than people in _ cultures.