Question 1

The consumer at the top of the food web is usually described as the primary consumer because it is the most important.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In which of the following situations would secondary rather than primary succession be most likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A) on an island that has just risen out of the ocean 
B) on bare ground exposed by the retreat of a glacier 
C) on the surface of recently cooled lava 
D) in a forest that had burned to bare ground 
A) on an island that has just risen out of the ocean 
B) on bare ground exposed by the retreat of a glacier 
C) on the surface of recently cooled lava 
D) in a forest that had burned to bare ground

Question 3

During _____ a newly created habitat is inhabited.

Accepted Answer

A) primary succession 
B) climax community formation 
C) disturbance colonization 
D) keystone recovery 
A) primary succession 
B) climax community formation 
C) disturbance colonization 
D) keystone recovery

Question 4

Which of the following could represent the linear flow of energy within a food web?

Accepted Answer

A) wolves, lions, and cheetahs 
B) grass, bushes, and trees 
C) lettuce, rabbits, and foxes 
D) sheep, cows, and horses 
A) wolves, lions, and cheetahs 
B) grass, bushes, and trees 
C) lettuce, rabbits, and foxes 
D) sheep, cows, and horses

Question 5

Some algae and fungi live in associations known as lichens, which allow both to survive in a harsher environment than either could normally live in alone. This association is an example of

Accepted Answer

A) parasitism. 
B) mutualism. 
C) consumerism. 
D) competition. 
A) parasitism. 
B) mutualism. 
C) consumerism. 
D) competition.

Question 6

During exploitation, consumer organisms never cause their prey to become extinct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which of the following can occur when the climate of an area changes?

Accepted Answer

A) Natural selection usually causes the community to adapt and survive the change with little visible effect. 
B) That area becomes uninhabitable to all species and is abandoned. 
C) That community may relocate to an area with a climate similar to that of the original location. 
D) Continental drift restores communities to climates similar to those from which the communities came. 
A) Natural selection usually causes the community to adapt and survive the change with little visible effect. 
B) That area becomes uninhabitable to all species and is abandoned. 
C) That community may relocate to an area with a climate similar to that of the original location. 
D) Continental drift restores communities to climates similar to those from which the communities came.

Question 8

Suppose that two species of hummingbirds have very similar tongue lengths in regions where only one of the two species occurs, but that one species has a shorter tongue and the other a longer tongue in regions where both species occur. This would most likely be an example of

Accepted Answer

A) seed-dispersal mutualism. 
B) parasitism. 
C) character displacement. 
D) a predator/prey interaction. 
A) seed-dispersal mutualism. 
B) parasitism. 
C) character displacement. 
D) a predator/prey interaction.

Question 9

If a bird eats a monarch butterfly, the bird will vomit. Monarchs are brightly colored. This example demonstrates ____________________ coloration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a bird eats a monarch butterfly,...

Question 10

If the original organisms that colonized Hawaii came from other places on Earth, why are the organisms that now live on Hawaii so different from organisms that live elsewhere on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) Hawaii is a relatively young landmass, so evolution continues there although it has ceased in most other places on Earth. 
B) The organisms that live on Hawaii do not have predators, which allows them to evolve into a greater variety of life forms. 
C) Through time, adaptation and evolution caused speciation to produce new organisms unique to Hawaii. 
D) none of the above 
A) Hawaii is a relatively young landmass, so evolution continues there although it has ceased in most other places on Earth. 
B) The organisms that live on Hawaii do not have predators, which allows them to evolve into a greater variety of life forms. 
C) Through time, adaptation and evolution caused speciation to produce new organisms unique to Hawaii. 
D) none of the above

Question 11

Which of the following organisms is a producer?

Accepted Answer

A) fungus 
B) human 
C) cow 
D) grass 
A) fungus 
B) human 
C) cow 
D) grass

Question 12

Which of the following organisms is not a producer?

Accepted Answer

A) plankton 
B) cow 
C) algae 
D) oak tree 
A) plankton 
B) cow 
C) algae 
D) oak tree

Question 13

Which example best illustrates interference competition?

Accepted Answer

A) Soil levels of potassium are gradually reduced by the hemlocks and cedars in a climax forest. 
B) The growth of starling populations usually coincides with declines in song birds because both use abandoned cavities for nesting. 
C) When larger animals become scarce, wolves often prey on mice, reducing their availability to coyotes. 
D) Rough-skinned newts contain enough toxin in their skin glands to kill almost any predator. 
A) Soil levels of potassium are gradually reduced by the hemlocks and cedars in a climax forest. 
B) The growth of starling populations usually coincides with declines in song birds because both use abandoned cavities for nesting. 
C) When larger animals become scarce, wolves often prey on mice, reducing their availability to coyotes. 
D) Rough-skinned newts contain enough toxin in their skin glands to kill almost any predator.

Exam 23: Ecological Communities

The consumer at the top of the food web is usually described as the primary consumer because it is the most important.

In which of the following situations would secondary rather than primary succession be most likely to occur?

During _____ a newly created habitat is inhabited.

Which of the following could represent the linear flow of energy within a food web?

Some algae and fungi live in associations known as lichens, which allow both to survive in a harsher environment than either could normally live in alone. This association is an example of

During exploitation, consumer organisms never cause their prey to become extinct.

Which of the following can occur when the climate of an area changes?

Suppose that two species of hummingbirds have very similar tongue lengths in regions where only one of the two species occurs, but that one species has a shorter tongue and the other a longer tongue in regions where both species occur. This would most likely be an example of

If a bird eats a monarch butterfly, the bird will vomit. Monarchs are brightly colored. This example demonstrates ____________________ coloration.

If the original organisms that colonized Hawaii came from other places on Earth, why are the organisms that now live on Hawaii so different from organisms that live elsewhere on Earth?

Which of the following organisms is a producer?

Which of the following organisms is not a producer?

Which example best illustrates interference competition?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Dna and Genes

From Gene to Protein

Dna Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

The Evolutionary History of Life

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses Against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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