Question 1

What statement best describes a parasitic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) Both the parasite and the host benefit. 
B) Only the parasite benefits; the host is harmed. 
C) Only the host benefits; the parasite is harmed. 
D) Both the parasite and the host are harmed. 
A) Both the parasite and the host benefit. 
B) Only the parasite benefits; the host is harmed. 
C) Only the host benefits; the parasite is harmed. 
D) Both the parasite and the host are harmed.

Question 2

A community whose species are not replaced by other species is classified as a ____________________ community.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A community whose species are not replaced...

Question 3

Mutualistic relationships can have an effect on the distribution and abundance of the species involved.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Succession has a major impact on the species makeup of a community at any given point in time.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

All of the following disturbances except _____ would be considered natural.

Accepted Answer

A) fire 
B) flood 
C) windstorm 
D) mining 
A) fire 
B) flood 
C) windstorm 
D) mining

Question 6

Which of the following is not a producer in an aquatic biome?

Accepted Answer

A) algae 
B) mussels 
C) phytoplankton 
D) bacteria 
A) algae 
B) mussels 
C) phytoplankton 
D) bacteria

Question 7

All natural communities consist of an equivalent number of species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

In a typical prairie food web energy moves from grass to grasshopper to field mouse to fox. Which organism is the tertiary consumer?

Accepted Answer

A) the grass 
B) the grasshopper 
C) the mouse 
D) the fox 
A) the grass 
B) the grasshopper 
C) the mouse 
D) the fox

Question 9

The general process by which species in a community are replaced over time is called ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The general process by which species in...

Question 10

Why is the existence of food webs important even though food chains also exist?

Accepted Answer

A) Food webs address the activities of consumers, whereas food chains address the activities of producers. 
B) Food chains describe all aspects of interactions within a community, whereas food webs tell us what organisms eat and which are eaten by other organisms. 
C) Food webs are smaller groupings than food chains. Food chains allow us to look at the overall picture, whereas food webs provide specific directional information. 
D) Food webs tie together many more organisms than a food chain does. If one organism in a food chain disappears, a food web may allow the organisms in the chain to survive based on their interactions with other organisms. 
A) Food webs address the activities of consumers, whereas food chains address the activities of producers. 
B) Food chains describe all aspects of interactions within a community, whereas food webs tell us what organisms eat and which are eaten by other organisms. 
C) Food webs are smaller groupings than food chains. Food chains allow us to look at the overall picture, whereas food webs provide specific directional information. 
D) Food webs tie together many more organisms than a food chain does. If one organism in a food chain disappears, a food web may allow the organisms in the chain to survive based on their interactions with other organisms.

Question 11

Mutualism is rare in nature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Do humans exhibit any mutualistic relationships?

Accepted Answer

A) No; humans can only develop parasitic relationships with other organisms. 
B) Yes; humans host disease pathogens that limit population growth and overcrowding. 
C) No; humans are unable to form mutualistic relationships with other organisms. 
D) Yes; humans host beneficial bacteria within our digestive systems. 
A) No; humans can only develop parasitic relationships with other organisms. 
B) Yes; humans host disease pathogens that limit population growth and overcrowding. 
C) No; humans are unable to form mutualistic relationships with other organisms. 
D) Yes; humans host beneficial bacteria within our digestive systems.

Question 13

____________________ are those organisms obtaining energy by eating all or portions of other organisms or their remains.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are those organisms obtaining energy by...

Question 14

Which of the following combinations of symbols represents an interaction in which one species benefits and the other is exploited?

Accepted Answer

A) +/- 
B) +/+ 
C) o/+ 
D) -/- 
A) +/- 
B) +/+ 
C) o/+ 
D) -/-

Question 15

Examine the graph below.  
Research indicates that goshawk predation is much less effective when prey species, like wood pigeons, are in large flocks. This is true because

Accepted Answer

A) large flocks are just temporary aggregations of several small flocks. 
B) large prey flocks may be able to better provide advance warning of predators. 
C) predatory birds are generally afraid of large prey flocks and will not attack birds in them. 
D) small flocks are more likely to have parasites that change behaviors, making the prey more susceptible to predation. 
A) large flocks are just temporary aggregations of several small flocks. 
B) large prey flocks may be able to better provide advance warning of predators. 
C) predatory birds are generally afraid of large prey flocks and will not attack birds in them. 
D) small flocks are more likely to have parasites that change behaviors, making the prey more susceptible to predation.

Question 16

Which of the following could be an example of an induced response?

Accepted Answer

A) bright colors on a caterpillar 
B) spines on a cactus 
C) brightly colored flowers on a rosebush 
D) color patterns on a poisonous snake 
A) bright colors on a caterpillar 
B) spines on a cactus 
C) brightly colored flowers on a rosebush 
D) color patterns on a poisonous snake

Question 17

Due to competition, forms of competing species may evolve to become more different from each other over time. This change is known as character ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Due to competition, forms of competing species...

Question 18

As the figure below illustrates, communities vary tremendously in size from as large as an entire forest to the digestive system of a single deer.  
How do biologists recognize communities?

Accepted Answer

A) Communities have no fixed boundaries; their sizes are simply defined according to what is convenient at a given point in time. 
B) Communities can be nested within a larger one; for example, the deer is part of the woodland, which is part of the forest. 
C) Communities are characterized by their species composition. 
D) All of the above are used to recognize communities. 
A) Communities have no fixed boundaries; their sizes are simply defined according to what is convenient at a given point in time. 
B) Communities can be nested within a larger one; for example, the deer is part of the woodland, which is part of the forest. 
C) Communities are characterized by their species composition. 
D) All of the above are used to recognize communities.

Question 19

In _____ competition, species compete indirectly for a shared resource, each reducing the amount available to the other competitor.

Accepted Answer

A) exploitative 
B) restrictive 
C) interference 
D) advantageous 
A) exploitative 
B) restrictive 
C) interference 
D) advantageous

Question 20

Why would a food web rather than a food chain be the preferred way to represent the movement of food through the community?

Accepted Answer

A) Food chains are oversimplified and suggest that a consumer eats only a single food item. 
B) Food webs place producers at the bottom, whereas food chains place them at the top. 
C) Food webs are based on a foundation of producers. 
D) Actually, ecologists prefer to use food chains to describe food movements. 
A) Food chains are oversimplified and suggest that a consumer eats only a single food item. 
B) Food webs place producers at the bottom, whereas food chains place them at the top. 
C) Food webs are based on a foundation of producers. 
D) Actually, ecologists prefer to use food chains to describe food movements.

Exam 23: Ecological Communities

What statement best describes a parasitic relationship?

A community whose species are not replaced by other species is classified as a ____________________ community.

Mutualistic relationships can have an effect on the distribution and abundance of the species involved.

Succession has a major impact on the species makeup of a community at any given point in time.

All of the following disturbances except _____ would be considered natural.

Which of the following is not a producer in an aquatic biome?

All natural communities consist of an equivalent number of species.

In a typical prairie food web energy moves from grass to grasshopper to field mouse to fox. Which organism is the tertiary consumer?

The general process by which species in a community are replaced over time is called ____________________.

Why is the existence of food webs important even though food chains also exist?

Mutualism is rare in nature.

Do humans exhibit any mutualistic relationships?

____________________ are those organisms obtaining energy by eating all or portions of other organisms or their remains.

Which of the following combinations of symbols represents an interaction in which one species benefits and the other is exploited?

Examine the graph below. Research indicates that goshawk predation is much less effective when prey species, like wood pigeons, are in large flocks. This is true because

Which of the following could be an example of an induced response?

Due to competition, forms of competing species may evolve to become more different from each other over time. This change is known as character ____________________.

As the figure below illustrates, communities vary tremendously in size from as large as an entire forest to the digestive system of a single deer. How do biologists recognize communities?

In _____ competition, species compete indirectly for a shared resource, each reducing the amount available to the other competitor.

Why would a food web rather than a food chain be the preferred way to represent the movement of food through the community?

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Stem Cells, Cancer, and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Dna and Genes

From Gene to Protein

Dna Technology

How Evolution Works

Evolution of Populations

Speciation and the Origins of Biological Diversity

The Evolutionary History of Life

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons, Muscles, and Movement

Defenses Against Disease

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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