Question 1

What is the primary treatment for the leukemias?

Accepted Answer

A)  Radiation 
B)  Chemotherapy 
C)  Surgery 
D)  Immunotherapy 
A)  Radiation 
B)  Chemotherapy 
C)  Surgery 
D)  Immunotherapy

Question 2

In individuals with pernicious anemia, antibodies form to:

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamin B12. 
B)  intrinsic factor or parietal cells. 
C)  mucus-producing glands. 
D)  hydrochloric acid. 
A)  vitamin B12. 
B)  intrinsic factor or parietal cells. 
C)  mucus-producing glands. 
D)  hydrochloric acid.

Question 3

What are the common early signs of aplastic anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Painful joints and skeletal deformity 
B)  Abdominal discomfort and splenomegaly 
C)  Excessive bleeding and recurrent infections 
D)  Palpitations and chest pain 
A)  Painful joints and skeletal deformity 
B)  Abdominal discomfort and splenomegaly 
C)  Excessive bleeding and recurrent infections 
D)  Palpitations and chest pain

Question 4

Secondary polycythemia may be associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  frequent angina attacks. 
B)  certain types of anemia. 
C)  severe chronic bronchitis. 
D)  renal disease. 
A)  frequent angina attacks. 
B)  certain types of anemia. 
C)  severe chronic bronchitis. 
D)  renal disease.

Question 5

Multiple opportunistic infections develop with acute leukemia primarily because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the number of white blood cells is decreased. 
B)  many circulating leukocytes are immature. 
C)  severe anemia interferes with the immune response. 
D)  decreased appetite and nutritional intake reduce natural defenses. 
A)  the number of white blood cells is decreased. 
B)  many circulating leukocytes are immature. 
C)  severe anemia interferes with the immune response. 
D)  decreased appetite and nutritional intake reduce natural defenses.

Question 6

Iron deficiency anemia frequently results from any of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  certain vegetarian diets. 
B)  excessive menstrual flow. 
C)  malabsorption syndromes. 
D)  diabetes mellitus. 
A)  certain vegetarian diets. 
B)  excessive menstrual flow. 
C)  malabsorption syndromes. 
D)  diabetes mellitus.

Question 7

Which of the following would result from a reduced number of erythrocytes in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased hemoglobin in the blood 
B)  Decreased hematocrit 
C)  Increased risk of hemostasis 
D)  Decreased osmotic pressure of the blood 
A)  Increased hemoglobin in the blood 
B)  Decreased hematocrit 
C)  Increased risk of hemostasis 
D)  Decreased osmotic pressure of the blood

Question 8

Microcytic and hypochromic erythrocytes are commonly found as a result of:

Accepted Answer

A)  iron deficiency anemia. 
B)  polycythemia. 
C)  disseminated intravascular coagulation. 
D)  hemophilia A. 
A)  iron deficiency anemia. 
B)  polycythemia. 
C)  disseminated intravascular coagulation. 
D)  hemophilia A.

Question 9

Which of the following applies to sickle cell trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  Most hemoglobin is in the form of HgS 
B)  Sickling of erythrocytes occurs with severe hypoxia. 
C)  Painful sickling crises with multiple infarctions occur frequently. 
D)  A child's skeletal growth is delayed. 
A)  Most hemoglobin is in the form of HgS 
B)  Sickling of erythrocytes occurs with severe hypoxia. 
C)  Painful sickling crises with multiple infarctions occur frequently. 
D)  A child's skeletal growth is delayed.

Question 10

Von Willebrand disease is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  defective erythrocytes that become deformed in shape, causing occlusions. 
B)  excessive lymphocytes that do not mature. 
C)  absence of a clotting factor that helps platelets clump and stick. 
D)  a lack of hemoglobin due to iron deficiency. 
A)  defective erythrocytes that become deformed in shape, causing occlusions. 
B)  excessive lymphocytes that do not mature. 
C)  absence of a clotting factor that helps platelets clump and stick. 
D)  a lack of hemoglobin due to iron deficiency.

Question 11

Which statement applies to the disorder hemophilia A?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is transmitted as an X-linked dominant trait. 
B)  There is usually a total lack of factor VIII in the blood. 
C)  Males and females can be carriers. 
D)  Hematomas and hemarthroses are common. 
A)  It is transmitted as an X-linked dominant trait. 
B)  There is usually a total lack of factor VIII in the blood. 
C)  Males and females can be carriers. 
D)  Hematomas and hemarthroses are common.

Question 12

Which of the following substances acts as an anticoagulant?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prothrombin 
B)  Heparin 
C)  Fibrinogen 
D)  Vitamin K 
A)  Prothrombin 
B)  Heparin 
C)  Fibrinogen 
D)  Vitamin K

Question 13

Which of the following diagnostic tests would be within the normal range for an individual with hemophilia A?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bleeding time 
B)  Coagulation time 
C)  PTT time 
D)  Prothrombin time 
A)  Bleeding time 
B)  Coagulation time 
C)  PTT time 
D)  Prothrombin time

Question 14

Thalassemia is caused by:

Accepted Answer

A)  a defect in one or more genes for hemoglobin. 
B)  an abnormal form of heme. 
C)  abnormal liver production of amino acids and iron. 
D)  overproduction of hypochromic, microcytic RBCs. 
A)  a defect in one or more genes for hemoglobin. 
B)  an abnormal form of heme. 
C)  abnormal liver production of amino acids and iron. 
D)  overproduction of hypochromic, microcytic RBCs.

Question 15

In individuals with acute leukemia, the increased number of malignant leukocytes leads to:
1) decreased hemoglobin.
2) thrombocytopenia.
3) bone pain with increased activity.
4) splenomegaly.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3 
B)  1, 2, 4 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4 
A)  1, 3 
B)  1, 2, 4 
C)  2, 3, 4 
D)  1, 2, 3, 4

Question 16

Why is excessive bleeding a common occurrence with acute leukemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Deficit of calcium ions 
B)  Impaired production of prothrombin and fibrinogen 
C)  Decreased platelets 
D)  Dysfunctional thrombocytes 
A)  Deficit of calcium ions 
B)  Impaired production of prothrombin and fibrinogen 
C)  Decreased platelets 
D)  Dysfunctional thrombocytes

Question 17

Capillary walls consist of:

Accepted Answer

A)  multiple endothelial layers. 
B)  a thick layer of smooth muscle. 
C)  two or three epithelial layers. 
D)  a single endothelial layer. 
A)  multiple endothelial layers. 
B)  a thick layer of smooth muscle. 
C)  two or three epithelial layers. 
D)  a single endothelial layer.

Question 18

Why do abnormally low hemoglobin values develop with pernicious anemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased production of erythrocytes 
B)  Shorter life span of erythrocytes 
C)  Abnormal structure of hemoglobin chains 
D)  Deficit of folic acid 
A)  Decreased production of erythrocytes 
B)  Shorter life span of erythrocytes 
C)  Abnormal structure of hemoglobin chains 
D)  Deficit of folic acid

Question 19

Which of the following occurs when disseminated intravascular coagulation develops?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased thrombocytes and blood clotting 
B)  Hemolysis with loss of blood cells 
C)  Massive sepsis and hemorrhage 
D)  Multiple thrombi and deficit of clotting factors 
A)  Increased thrombocytes and blood clotting 
B)  Hemolysis with loss of blood cells 
C)  Massive sepsis and hemorrhage 
D)  Multiple thrombi and deficit of clotting factors

Question 20

What term is used to describe a deficit of all types of blood cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Leucopenia 
B)  Neutropenia 
C)  Pancytopenia 
D)  Erythrocytosis 
A)  Leucopenia 
B)  Neutropenia 
C)  Pancytopenia 
D)  Erythrocytosis

Exam 10: Blood and Circulatory System Disorders

What is the primary treatment for the leukemias?

In individuals with pernicious anemia, antibodies form to:

What are the common early signs of aplastic anemia?

Secondary polycythemia may be associated with:

Multiple opportunistic infections develop with acute leukemia primarily because:

Iron deficiency anemia frequently results from any of the following EXCEPT:

Which of the following would result from a reduced number of erythrocytes in the blood?

Microcytic and hypochromic erythrocytes are commonly found as a result of:

Which of the following applies to sickle cell trait?

Von Willebrand disease is caused by:

Which statement applies to the disorder hemophilia A?

Which of the following substances acts as an anticoagulant?

Which of the following diagnostic tests would be within the normal range for an individual with hemophilia A?

Thalassemia is caused by:

In individuals with acute leukemia, the increased number of malignant leukocytes leads to: 1) decreased hemoglobin. 2) thrombocytopenia. 3) bone pain with increased activity. 4) splenomegaly.

Why is excessive bleeding a common occurrence with acute leukemia?

Capillary walls consist of:

Why do abnormally low hemoglobin values develop with pernicious anemia?

Which of the following occurs when disseminated intravascular coagulation develops?

What term is used to describe a deficit of all types of blood cells?

Introduction to Pathophysiology

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Imbalances

Introduction to Basic Pharmacology and Other Common Therapies

Pain

Inflammation and Healing

Infection

Immunity

Skin Disorders

Musculoskeletal Disorders

Lymphatic System Disorders

Cardiovascular System Disorders

Respiratory System Disorders

Neurological Disorders

Disorders of the Eye, Ear, and Other Sensory Organs

Endocrine System Disorders

Digestive System Disorders

Urinary System Disorders

Reproductive System Disorders

Neoplasms and Cancer

Congenital and Genetic Disorders

Complications due to Pregnancy

Complications due to Adolescence

Complications due to Aging

Immobility and Associated Problems

Stress and Associated Problems

Substance Abuse and Associated Problems

Environmental Hazards and Associated Problems

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