Exam 12: Cognitive Development

Children with this disorder typically have difficulty with theory of mind and lag several years behind others in false belief tasks

These stages are age-related periods of development with distinct boundaries, and that reflect qualitatively different types of cognitive activity

According to Piaget, these units of knowledge are cognitive models that children and adults construct of what the world is and how it works.

Wynn (1992) presented correct and incorrect 'solutions' to addition and subtraction 'problems' to a group of 5-month-olds month-old infants and found that infants stared _________at the _________solutions.

Kolhberg's work on moral reasoning in children has received critique stating that tests of moral reason are not able to _________moral reasoning and may not _________moral behaviour.

The __________level of morality, characteristic of older adolescents and adults, involves more complex personal judgments based on abstract principles, such as fairness or justice.

To say that Jean Piaget's theories of cognitive development are "constructivist" means that a child

Soon after birth, babies are able to distinguish their mothers face and voice from others.

Within a few hours of birth, infants prefer to _________at, and will increase their __________in response to images of their mother's face.

The preoperational child may also have difficulty performing mental operations requiring an understanding that, for example, an object may retain its identity even if its appearance is changed for some reason.

Eight-year-old Simian knows that when his teacher pours liquid from one of two identical containers into a taller, slimmer container, the amount of liquid is the same in both containers. Simian is most likely in this developmental stage.

The nativist position holds that infant knowledge and perception is acquired through experience.

Piaget believed that children passed through four distinct stages of development that were invariant-that is, everyone passed through them, and they always occurred in the same order. Describe Piaget's developmental stages, making reference to the development of cognitive skills at this time.

This stage of Piaget's developmental theory begins at birth and involves only simple responses to internal and external events.

The process by which the expert instructor provides assistance are collectively called

Theory of mind is the cognitive ability perceive the thoughts, emotions and intentions of other people. Describe the measure that has been most widely used as a measure of ToM, what does this tell us about the development of ToM in children?

For Piaget, cognitive development was

This approach proposed that each cognitive function depends on a brain system or module

Haidt (2001) proposed that members of western cultures often utilized this foundation of morality when evaluating moral scenarios.

Jean Decety and colleagues tested the connection between empathy and morality in children from a neuroscientific perspective. Which method did they use?