Question 1

Modern psychologists use this term to refer to instincts such as the rooting reflex in new-borns.

Accepted Answer

A)  fixed-action patterns 
B)  fixed-ratio behaviours 
C)  variable-action patterns 
D)  variable-skill sets 
A)  fixed-action patterns 
B)  fixed-ratio behaviours 
C)  variable-action patterns 
D)  variable-skill sets A

Question 2

Frequency of behaviour can be manipulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  intrinsic motives 
B)  extrinsic motives 
C)  both intrinsic and extrinsic motives 
D)  neither intrinsic or extrinsic motives 
A)  intrinsic motives 
B)  extrinsic motives 
C)  both intrinsic and extrinsic motives 
D)  neither intrinsic or extrinsic motives C

Question 3

Personality traits are unstable and have been found to undergo dramatic change throughout adolescence

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

An internal locus of control has been associated with

Accepted Answer

A)  Higher levels of need 
B)  Higher levels of motivation 
C)  No differences in motivation 
D)  Lower levels of motivation 
A)  Higher levels of need 
B)  Higher levels of motivation 
C)  No differences in motivation 
D)  Lower levels of motivation

Question 5

Drive theorists proposed that behaviour is motivated primarily by the desire to increase pleasant conditions of arousal that result from basic physiological needs

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Motivation has often been viewed in terms of drives, incentives, and needs. Characterize drive-reduction theory, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and Kenrick's revised hierarchy of needs using one example from your life

Accepted Answer

Drive-reduction theory suggests that mot

Question 7

When we are pulled toward something like taking a recreational drug, even if no specific drive or arousal system has been activated to push us there, we are most likely motivated by

Accepted Answer

A)  drive-reduction 
B)  optimal arousal 
C)  incentives 
D)  extrinsic motivation 
A)  drive-reduction 
B)  optimal arousal 
C)  incentives 
D)  extrinsic motivation

Question 8

In psychological theory, drives are

Accepted Answer

A)  motivations to attain pleasure 
B)  unpleasant arousal states 
C)  tendencies to want change 
D)  pleasant feelings of wanting 
A)  motivations to attain pleasure 
B)  unpleasant arousal states 
C)  tendencies to want change 
D)  pleasant feelings of wanting

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true about motivation and performance, according to goal-setting theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Setting specific goals directs attention toward activity that will help accomplish the job. 
B)  Setting specific and difficult goals increases effort. 
C)  People are more willing to work harder and longer to attain specific and difficult, but obtainable goals. 
D)  The more attainable the goal, the higher the level of motivation and performance. 
A)  Setting specific goals directs attention toward activity that will help accomplish the job. 
B)  Setting specific and difficult goals increases effort. 
C)  People are more willing to work harder and longer to attain specific and difficult, but obtainable goals. 
D)  The more attainable the goal, the higher the level of motivation and performance.

Question 10

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, these life-sustaining needs take precedence over needs for belonging and achievement.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary motivations 
B)  secondary motivations 
C)  tertiary motivations 
D)  need-based motivations 
A)  primary motivations 
B)  secondary motivations 
C)  tertiary motivations 
D)  need-based motivations

Question 11

Those with a high internal locus of control tend to attribute life events to external rather than internal causes

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which of the following statements about instinctual behaviour qualifies as a circular explanation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men are more interested in action movies because men are more aggressive. 
B)  Adolescents experience mood swings because of the changes in their hormonal secretions. 
C)  Humans are motivated to find mates because doing so is pleasurable and adaptive. 
D)  Babies instinctually turn their heads and open their mouths when something strokes their cheek so that they are prepared to feed. 
A)  Men are more interested in action movies because men are more aggressive. 
B)  Adolescents experience mood swings because of the changes in their hormonal secretions. 
C)  Humans are motivated to find mates because doing so is pleasurable and adaptive. 
D)  Babies instinctually turn their heads and open their mouths when something strokes their cheek so that they are prepared to feed.

Question 13

According to evolutionary psychologists, humans are motivated to seek pleasure in eating, social relationships, sex, and other activities because

Accepted Answer

A)  Babies instinctually turn their heads and open their mouths when something strokes their cheeks so that they are prepared to feed. 
B)  Adolescents experience mood swings because of the changes in their hormonal secretions. 
C)  Humans are motivated to find mates because doing so is pleasurable and adaptive. 
D)  Men are more interested in action movies because men are more aggressive. 
A)  Babies instinctually turn their heads and open their mouths when something strokes their cheeks so that they are prepared to feed. 
B)  Adolescents experience mood swings because of the changes in their hormonal secretions. 
C)  Humans are motivated to find mates because doing so is pleasurable and adaptive. 
D)  Men are more interested in action movies because men are more aggressive.

Question 14

Research has shown that when students work from _________motivation they learn more efficiently, are more engaged and enthusiastic, and use more effective study strategies

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research has shown that when students work...

Question 15

A person's belief about his or her ability to produce change or accomplish a specific task through his or her efforts is called

Accepted Answer

A)  perceived self-monitoring 
B)  perceived self-efficacy 
C)  perceived competence 
D)  perceived performance 
A)  perceived self-monitoring 
B)  perceived self-efficacy 
C)  perceived competence 
D)  perceived performance

Question 16

Drive theory is based on the notion that organisms seek to maintain a steady, consistent, and balanced physiological state, called

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostasis 
B)  homeopathy 
C)  needs hierarchy 
D)  self-actualization 
A)  homeostasis 
B)  homeopathy 
C)  needs hierarchy 
D)  self-actualization

Question 17

Extrinsic motives involve an action

Accepted Answer

A)  being rewarding in itself 
B)  being both rewarding in itself and being rewarded from something external 
C)  being rewarding from something external 
D)  have no concrete incentive 
A)  being rewarding in itself 
B)  being both rewarding in itself and being rewarded from something external 
C)  being rewarding from something external 
D)  have no concrete incentive

Question 18

_________locus of control is associated with higher levels of motivation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________locus of control is associated with higher...

Question 19

If extrinsic rewards such as grades are viewed as feedback to help improve one's performance, or if the reward is well earned for intrinsically interesting work successfully performed, intrinsic motivation may be increased

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

From Bandura's perspective, all other motivating factors, emotional or cognitive, have at their roots a core belief that we can produce change by our own actions

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: Motivation

Modern psychologists use this term to refer to instincts such as the rooting reflex in new-borns.

Frequency of behaviour can be manipulated by

Personality traits are unstable and have been found to undergo dramatic change throughout adolescence

An internal locus of control has been associated with

Drive theorists proposed that behaviour is motivated primarily by the desire to increase pleasant conditions of arousal that result from basic physiological needs

Motivation has often been viewed in terms of drives, incentives, and needs. Characterize drive-reduction theory, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, and Kenrick's revised hierarchy of needs using one example from your life

When we are pulled toward something like taking a recreational drug, even if no specific drive or arousal system has been activated to push us there, we are most likely motivated by

In psychological theory, drives are

Which of the following is NOT true about motivation and performance, according to goal-setting theory?

In Maslow's hierarchy of needs, these life-sustaining needs take precedence over needs for belonging and achievement.

Those with a high internal locus of control tend to attribute life events to external rather than internal causes

Which of the following statements about instinctual behaviour qualifies as a circular explanation?

According to evolutionary psychologists, humans are motivated to seek pleasure in eating, social relationships, sex, and other activities because

Research has shown that when students work from _________motivation they learn more efficiently, are more engaged and enthusiastic, and use more effective study strategies

A person's belief about his or her ability to produce change or accomplish a specific task through his or her efforts is called

Drive theory is based on the notion that organisms seek to maintain a steady, consistent, and balanced physiological state, called

Extrinsic motives involve an action

_________locus of control is associated with higher levels of motivation.

If extrinsic rewards such as grades are viewed as feedback to help improve one's performance, or if the reward is well earned for intrinsically interesting work successfully performed, intrinsic motivation may be increased

From Bandura's perspective, all other motivating factors, emotional or cognitive, have at their roots a core belief that we can produce change by our own actions

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