Exam 16: Motivation

The evolutionary level of Kenrick's pyramid of needs examines how the various needs evolved through natural selection to help solve specific survival- or reproduction-related problems faced recurrently by our ancestors

_________is used to describe a steady, regulated stat where various physiological processes are maintained at an appropriate level.

In Kenrick's updated needs pyramid, all of the following needs were preserved, EXCEPT:

Which of the following situations most suggests the existence of unconscious motivation for behaviour?

According to Bandura, human beings first and foremost work to exercise _________over the nature and quality of their lives

According to this motivational theory, if arousal levels are too high, as when drives are activated, the organism seeks to reduce arousal. But if they are too low, as during periods of boredom or excessive rest, arousal is actively sought

In their study examining secondary gains from unplanned pregnancies, Harris and Campbell (1999) found that

Which of the following perspectives on psychology would assert that motivation is not an appropriate topic for scientific study?

This level of Kenrick's pyramid describes proximate causes of motivated behaviour, for example, your decision to swat at a fly rather than pay attention to what your significant other is saying to you.

Hull (1943) proposed the _________theory of motivation, driven by he idea that behaviour is motivated primarily by the desire to reduce _________conditions of arousal which have results from basic psychological needs.

Motivation cannot be directly observed, but it may be measured by examining changes in the

Psychologists often distinguish between two general categories of motivation. Outline the distinction between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, including research into the additive principle and undermining effect in your answer.

Though traits are used to categorize people in terms of the behaviours they are likely to present, they can be problematic because

Dweck (2000) is best known for her work on

Studying hard for an exam so that you perform well can be rewarding in that it brings a sense of personal accomplishment and satisfaction-regardless of any tangible reward. This is an example of

Which of the following statements about instincts is consistent with James's and McDougall's hypotheses about instincts?

People who are high in internal locus of control have a tendency toward high

These are psychologists' terms for relatively stable, enduring personal characteristics, attributes, and motives for behaviour.

Fixed-action patterns are so strongly "encoded" in the nervous system that an animal may sometimes engage in instinctive behaviours when faced with inappropriate stimuli

Frequency of behaviour can be manipulated by _________motives, however its quality is usually more influenced by _________motives.