Question 1

Enzymes affect the transition state of a chemical reaction by

Accepted Answer

A)  binding to substrate(s). 
B)  providing a surface on which reactions converting substrate to product can occur more rapidly. 
C)  altering the conformation of substrate(s) to approach that of the transition state. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  binding to substrate(s). 
B)  providing a surface on which reactions converting substrate to product can occur more rapidly. 
C)  altering the conformation of substrate(s) to approach that of the transition state. 
D)  All of the above

Question 2

How is it possible for serine proteases, which all have different substrates, to share a similar chemical mechanism?

Accepted Answer

The enzymes of the serine protease famil

Question 3

Lipids play a major role in cells as

Accepted Answer

A)  a form of energy storage. 
B)  components of cell membranes. 
C)  part of the cell signaling function. 
D)  All of the above 
A)  a form of energy storage. 
B)  components of cell membranes. 
C)  part of the cell signaling function. 
D)  All of the above

Question 4

Which of the following bases is not found in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adenine 
B)  Cytosine 
C)  Thymine 
D)  Uracil 
A)  Adenine 
B)  Cytosine 
C)  Thymine 
D)  Uracil

Question 5

Because of the central role that one amino acid plays in the mechanism by which proteins are cleaved by the enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin, these enzymes are called _______ proteases.

Accepted Answer

A)  histidine 
B)  lysine 
C)  arginine 
D)  serine 
A)  histidine 
B)  lysine 
C)  arginine 
D)  serine

Question 6

Proteins can be covalently modified by the addition of phosphate groups to all but which of the following amino acids?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arginine 
B)  Threonine 
C)  Serine 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Arginine 
B)  Threonine 
C)  Serine 
D)  All of the above

Question 7

Each membrane phospholipid contains 3 fatty acid chains.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

What is the name of the technique commonly used to determine the three-dimensional structure of proteins?

Accepted Answer

X-ray crys

Question 9

The currently accepted model of membrane structure is called the _______ model.

Accepted Answer

A)  lipid bilayer 
B)  unit membrane 
C)  lipid raft 
D)  fluid mosaic 
A)  lipid bilayer 
B)  unit membrane 
C)  lipid raft 
D)  fluid mosaic

Question 10

RNA contains uracil in place of the _______ found in DNA.

Accepted Answer

The answer of RNA contains uracil in place of the...

Question 11

Which of the following is not true of coenzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are branched amino acids. 
B)  They serve as carriers of chemical groups. 
C)  They transfer specific chemical groups among a wide range of substrates. 
D)  They work together with enzymes to enhance chemical reactions without being irreversibly altered. 
A)  They are branched amino acids. 
B)  They serve as carriers of chemical groups. 
C)  They transfer specific chemical groups among a wide range of substrates. 
D)  They work together with enzymes to enhance chemical reactions without being irreversibly altered.

Question 12

Introducing a double bond into a fatty acid puts a(n) _______ into the conformation of the molecule.

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acid bulge 
B)  kink 
C)  reverse spiral 
D)  branch 
A)  amino acid bulge 
B)  kink 
C)  reverse spiral 
D)  branch

Question 13

Polymerization of DNA and RNA always occurs in the _______ direction.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Polymerization of DNA and RNA always occurs...

Question 14

Suppose you are studying the change in reaction rate for lactate dehydrogenase as the concentration of lactate is increased. You find that initially the reaction rate increases linearly with lactate concentration, but as you continue to increase lactate concentration, there is less and less increase in the reaction rate. Eventually there is almost no increase. Why?

Accepted Answer

Lactate, as the substrate of lactate deh

Question 15

RNAs can be enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What is the effect of a $\beta$barrel on the permeability of a membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  It decreases permeability. 
B)  It increases permeability. 
C)  It has no effect. 
D)  $\beta$ barrels are peripheral membrane proteins. 
A)  It decreases permeability. 
B)  It increases permeability. 
C)  It has no effect. 
D)  $\beta$ barrels are peripheral membrane proteins.

Question 17

Proteins associated with a membrane by protein-protein interactions are called _______.

Accepted Answer

peripheral

Question 18

Identify the amino acids below as positively (+) charged, negatively (-) charged, able to form disulfide bonds (SS), and/or having OH groups that can be phosphorylated (P) by protein kinases at pH 7.0. Place the appropriate symbols (+, -, SS, or P) in the blanks beside the three-letter codes. (Hint: Some amino acids have none of these properties.)
 $\begin{array}{c}
\begin{array}{lll}
Ala&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Arg&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Asn&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Asp&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Cys&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Glu&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Gln&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Gly&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
His&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Ile&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
\end{array}
\quad\quad\quad\begin{array}{lll}
Leu &  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Lys&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Met&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Phe&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Pro&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Ser&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Thr&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Trp&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
Tyr&  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
 Val &  \underline {   \quad  \quad    } \
\end{array}
\end{array}$

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the amino acids below as positively...

Question 19

In polysaccharides, sugars are linked together by means of _______ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphodiester 
B)  peptide 
C)  glycosidic 
D)  hydrophobic 
A)  phosphodiester 
B)  peptide 
C)  glycosidic 
D)  hydrophobic

Question 20

Which of the following molecules stores the most chemical energy per unit of weight?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Lipids 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Nucleic acids 
A)  Carbohydrates 
B)  Lipids 
C)  Proteins 
D)  Nucleic acids

Enzymes affect the transition state of a chemical reaction by

How is it possible for serine proteases, which all have different substrates, to share a similar chemical mechanism?

Lipids play a major role in cells as

Which of the following bases is not found in DNA?

Because of the central role that one amino acid plays in the mechanism by which proteins are cleaved by the enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin, these enzymes are called _______ proteases.

Proteins can be covalently modified by the addition of phosphate groups to all but which of the following amino acids?

Each membrane phospholipid contains 3 fatty acid chains.

What is the name of the technique commonly used to determine the three-dimensional structure of proteins?

The currently accepted model of membrane structure is called the _______ model.

RNA contains uracil in place of the _______ found in DNA.

Which of the following is not true of coenzymes?

Introducing a double bond into a fatty acid puts a(n) _______ into the conformation of the molecule.

Polymerization of DNA and RNA always occurs in the _______ direction.

RNAs can be enzymes.

What is the effect of a $\beta$ barrel on the permeability of a membrane?

Proteins associated with a membrane by protein-protein interactions are called _______.

In polysaccharides, sugars are linked together by means of _______ bonds.

Which of the following molecules stores the most chemical energy per unit of weight?

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

Filters

Exam 2: Molecules and Membranes

Enzymes affect the transition state of a chemical reaction by

How is it possible for serine proteases, which all have different substrates, to share a similar chemical mechanism?

Lipids play a major role in cells as

Which of the following bases is not found in DNA?

Because of the central role that one amino acid plays in the mechanism by which proteins are cleaved by the enzymes trypsin and chymotrypsin, these enzymes are called _______ proteases.

Proteins can be covalently modified by the addition of phosphate groups to all but which of the following amino acids?

Each membrane phospholipid contains 3 fatty acid chains.

What is the name of the technique commonly used to determine the three-dimensional structure of proteins?

The currently accepted model of membrane structure is called the _______ model.

RNA contains uracil in place of the _______ found in DNA.

Which of the following is not true of coenzymes?

Introducing a double bond into a fatty acid puts a(n) _______ into the conformation of the molecule.

Polymerization of DNA and RNA always occurs in the _______ direction.

RNAs can be enzymes.

What is the effect of a β\betaβ barrel on the permeability of a membrane?

Proteins associated with a membrane by protein-protein interactions are called _______.

In polysaccharides, sugars are linked together by means of _______ bonds.

Which of the following molecules stores the most chemical energy per unit of weight?

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

Filters

What is the effect of a $\beta$ barrel on the permeability of a membrane?