Question 1

Chloroplasts synthesize

Accepted Answer

A)  elaioplasts. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  peroxisomes. 
D)  catalase. 
A)  elaioplasts. 
B)  amino acids. 
C)  peroxisomes. 
D)  catalase.

Question 2

Mitochondrial mRNAs have short poly-A sequences at their 3′ end. Poly-A tails are generally considered to be a feature of eukaryotic, not bacterial, mRNA. How can this observation be reconciled with an endosymbiotic origin for mitochondria?

Accepted Answer

The mitochondria of today are not the mi

Question 3

In terms of its role in the generation of metabolic energy, the inner membrane in mitochondria is equivalent to which component in chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  The inner membrane 
B)  The thylakoid membrane 
C)  The outer membrane 
D)  The stroma 
A)  The inner membrane 
B)  The thylakoid membrane 
C)  The outer membrane 
D)  The stroma

Question 4

Which of the following is the human disease caused by mutations in the proteins required for importing functional proteins into peroxisomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Turner's syndrome 
B)  Zellweger syndrome 
C)  I-cell disease 
D)  Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy 
A)  Turner's syndrome 
B)  Zellweger syndrome 
C)  I-cell disease 
D)  Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy

Question 5

Where in mitochondria does each of the following processes or events occur?
-Diffusion of small molecules via porin-formed channels

Accepted Answer

The outer

Question 6

Chloroplast genomes contain approximately how many genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  None 
B)  40 
C)  150 
D)  80,000-100,000 
A)  None 
B)  40 
C)  150 
D)  80,000-100,000

Question 7

What effect would a functional mutation in the Toc complex have on chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

Toc is a protein complex found on the ou

Question 8

Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized on

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondrial ribosomes from nuclear mRNAs. 
B)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; they are imported co-translationally as they are being synthesized. 
C)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; they are imported after they are completely synthesized. 
D)  mitochondrial ribosomes from mitochondrial mRNAs. 
A)  mitochondrial ribosomes from nuclear mRNAs. 
B)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; they are imported co-translationally as they are being synthesized. 
C)  cytoplasmic ribosomes; they are imported after they are completely synthesized. 
D)  mitochondrial ribosomes from mitochondrial mRNAs.

Question 9

Tim and Tom are

Accepted Answer

A)  twin brothers with the same mitochondrial disease. 
B)  chaperones. 
C)  protein translocators in mitochondrial membranes. 
D)  transporters of small molecules across the mitochondrial membranes. 
A)  twin brothers with the same mitochondrial disease. 
B)  chaperones. 
C)  protein translocators in mitochondrial membranes. 
D)  transporters of small molecules across the mitochondrial membranes.

Question 10

If a drug blocked the activity of the mitochondrial inner membrane proteins Tim9 and Tim10, which of the following would most likely not be found in the outer mitochondrial membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  SAM complex 
B)  $\alpha$-helix membrane proteins 
C)  $\beta$-barrel proteins 
D)  Tom 
A)  SAM complex 
B)  $\alpha$-helix membrane proteins 
C)  $\beta$-barrel proteins 
D)  Tom

Question 11

Which statement about mitochondria is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They produce most of the ATP derived from the breakdown of lipids and carbohydrates. 
B)  They produce all of the ATP derived from the breakdown of fatty acids. 
C)  They produce all of the ATP derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates. 
D)  They produce about 10% of the ATP derived from the sunlight. 
A)  They produce most of the ATP derived from the breakdown of lipids and carbohydrates. 
B)  They produce all of the ATP derived from the breakdown of fatty acids. 
C)  They produce all of the ATP derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates. 
D)  They produce about 10% of the ATP derived from the sunlight.

Question 12

The carotenoids, which give many plants their yellow, orange, and red colors, are located in

Accepted Answer

A)  vacuoles. 
B)  etioplasts. 
C)  leucoplasts. 
D)  chromoplasts. 
A)  vacuoles. 
B)  etioplasts. 
C)  leucoplasts. 
D)  chromoplasts.

Question 13

All mitochondria use the universal genetic code.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The major function of peroxisomes is to

Accepted Answer

A)  oxidize certain organic molecules and degrade the H2O2 produced by these reactions. 
B)  produce hydrogen peroxide for cells. 
C)  digest old organelles. 
D)  digest macromolecules taken up by endocytosis. 
A)  oxidize certain organic molecules and degrade the H2O2 produced by these reactions. 
B)  produce hydrogen peroxide for cells. 
C)  digest old organelles. 
D)  digest macromolecules taken up by endocytosis.

Question 15

Many proteins incorporated into the thylakoid lumen are synthesized

Accepted Answer

A)  in the thylakoid lumen. 
B)  in the stroma and transported across the thylakoid membrane. 
C)  on the outer chloroplast membrane and transported across the thylakoid membrane by way of its hydrophobic signal sequence. 
D)  in the cytosol, imported into the stroma, and transported across the thylakoid membrane by way of a second signal sequence. 
A)  in the thylakoid lumen. 
B)  in the stroma and transported across the thylakoid membrane. 
C)  on the outer chloroplast membrane and transported across the thylakoid membrane by way of its hydrophobic signal sequence. 
D)  in the cytosol, imported into the stroma, and transported across the thylakoid membrane by way of a second signal sequence.

Question 16

What are some of the reasons evolutionary biologists believe mitochondria came from bacteria through endosymbiosis?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary biologists believe mitochon

Question 17

Which factor most likely triggers lipid-containing etioplasts to develop into chloroplasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exposure to light 
B)  Hormonal signaling 
C)  Exposure to darkness 
D)  Internal pigments 
A)  Exposure to light 
B)  Hormonal signaling 
C)  Exposure to darkness 
D)  Internal pigments

Question 18

The energy required to drive the transport of small molecules into and out of mitochondria is provided by the

Accepted Answer

A)  chemiosmotic gradient. 
B)  hydrolysis of ATP. 
C)  electrochemical gradient. 
D)  negative charge of small molecules. 
A)  chemiosmotic gradient. 
B)  hydrolysis of ATP. 
C)  electrochemical gradient. 
D)  negative charge of small molecules.

Question 19

Proteins can be targeted to the thylakoid membrane by at least _______ different pathways.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Proteins can be targeted to the thylakoid...

Question 20

The organisms most similar to mitochondria are

Accepted Answer

A)  progenotes. 
B)  $\alpha$-proteobacteria. 
C)  cyanobacteria. 
D)  purple sulfur bacteria. 
A)  progenotes. 
B)  $\alpha$-proteobacteria. 
C)  cyanobacteria. 
D)  purple sulfur bacteria.

Chloroplasts synthesize

Mitochondrial mRNAs have short poly-A sequences at their 3′ end. Poly-A tails are generally considered to be a feature of eukaryotic, not bacterial, mRNA. How can this observation be reconciled with an endosymbiotic origin for mitochondria?

In terms of its role in the generation of metabolic energy, the inner membrane in mitochondria is equivalent to which component in chloroplasts?

Which of the following is the human disease caused by mutations in the proteins required for importing functional proteins into peroxisomes?

Where in mitochondria does each of the following processes or events occur? -Diffusion of small molecules via porin-formed channels

Chloroplast genomes contain approximately how many genes?

What effect would a functional mutation in the Toc complex have on chloroplasts?

Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized on

Tim and Tom are

If a drug blocked the activity of the mitochondrial inner membrane proteins Tim9 and Tim10, which of the following would most likely not be found in the outer mitochondrial membrane?

Which statement about mitochondria is true?

The carotenoids, which give many plants their yellow, orange, and red colors, are located in

All mitochondria use the universal genetic code.

The major function of peroxisomes is to

Many proteins incorporated into the thylakoid lumen are synthesized

What are some of the reasons evolutionary biologists believe mitochondria came from bacteria through endosymbiosis?

Which factor most likely triggers lipid-containing etioplasts to develop into chloroplasts?

The energy required to drive the transport of small molecules into and out of mitochondria is provided by the

Proteins can be targeted to the thylakoid membrane by at least _______ different pathways.

The organisms most similar to mitochondria are

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

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Exam 13: Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, and Peroxisomes

Chloroplasts synthesize

Mitochondrial mRNAs have short poly-A sequences at their 3′ end. Poly-A tails are generally considered to be a feature of eukaryotic, not bacterial, mRNA. How can this observation be reconciled with an endosymbiotic origin for mitochondria?

In terms of its role in the generation of metabolic energy, the inner membrane in mitochondria is equivalent to which component in chloroplasts?

Which of the following is the human disease caused by mutations in the proteins required for importing functional proteins into peroxisomes?

Where in mitochondria does each of the following processes or events occur? -Diffusion of small molecules via porin-formed channels

Chloroplast genomes contain approximately how many genes?

What effect would a functional mutation in the Toc complex have on chloroplasts?

Most mitochondrial proteins are synthesized on

Tim and Tom are

If a drug blocked the activity of the mitochondrial inner membrane proteins Tim9 and Tim10, which of the following would most likely not be found in the outer mitochondrial membrane?

Which statement about mitochondria is true?

The carotenoids, which give many plants their yellow, orange, and red colors, are located in

All mitochondria use the universal genetic code.

The major function of peroxisomes is to

Many proteins incorporated into the thylakoid lumen are synthesized

What are some of the reasons evolutionary biologists believe mitochondria came from bacteria through endosymbiosis?

Which factor most likely triggers lipid-containing etioplasts to develop into chloroplasts?

The energy required to drive the transport of small molecules into and out of mitochondria is provided by the

Proteins can be targeted to the thylakoid membrane by at least _______ different pathways.

The organisms most similar to mitochondria are

An Overview of Cells and Cell Research

Molecules and Membranes

Bioenergetics and Metabolism

Fundamentals of Molecular Biology

Genomics, Proteomics, and Systems Biology

Genes and Genomes

Replication, Maintenance, and Rearrangements of Genomic Dna

RNA Synthesis and Processing

Transcriptional Regulation and Epigenetics

Protein Synthesis, Processing, and Regulation

The Nucleus

Protein Sorting and Transport

The Cytoskeleton and Cell Movement

The Plasma Membrane

Cell Walls, the Extracellular Matrix, and Cell Interactions

Cell Signaling

The Cell Cycle

Cell Death and Cell Renewal

Cancer

Filters