Exam 15: Population and Urbanization.

The __________ is the number of deaths per 1,000 people in a population in a given year.

According to urban sociologists, a __________ is a relatively dense and permanent settlement of people who secure their livelihood primarily through nonagricultural activities.

Since the 1950s, postindustrial cities have emerged in nations such as the United States as their economies have gradually shifted from secondary (manufacturing) production to tertiary (service and information processing) production.

Sociologist Herbert Gans referred to urbanities as those individuals who choose to live in the city so that they can be close to cultural activities.

Sociologist Emile Durkheim applied natural ecology to his analysis of organic solidarity, characterized by a simple division of labor and shared religious beliefs such as those found in small, agrarian societies; and mechanical solidarity, characterized by interdependence based on the elaborate division of labor found in large, urban societies.

According to sociologist Gideon Sjoberg, three preconditions must be present in order for A city to develop. Which of the following is not a precondition cited in order for a city to Develop?

Citing sociologist Ernest Burgess' concentric zone model, __________ contains working-class residences and shops and ethnic enclaves.

The most basic measure of fertility is the __________ rate.

Which statement concerning immigration into the U.S. is false?

From a global context, expand on the Demographic Transition theory on population growth.

The largest preindustrial city was __________.

__________ is the movement of people from one geographic area to another for the purpose of changing residency. It affects the size and distribution of the population in a given area.

According to sociologist Ferdinand Tonnies, Gesellschaft is a society in which social relationships are based on personal bonds of friendship and kinship and on intergenerational stability, such that people have a commitment to the entire group and feel a sense of togetherness.

Discuss Herbert Gans's five major types of adaptation among urban dwellers.

The age distribution of a population has a direct bearing on the demand for schooling, health, employment, housing, and pensions. The current distribution of a population can be depicted in a population pyramid, which is a graphic representation of the distribution of a population by sex and age.

Sociologist Ernest Burgess developed the __________ which is a description of the process of urban growth that views the city as a series of circular areas, each characterized by a different type of land use, that developed from a central core.

Based on the concentric zone model developed by sociologist Ernest Burgess, __________ includes houses formerly occupied by wealthy families which have been divided into rooms and rented to recent immigrants and poor persons. It also contains light manufacturing and marginal businesses (such as secondhand stores, pawnshops, and taverns).

As used by demographers, a __________ is a group of people who live in a specified geographic area.

Based on his preconditions for the development of cities, sociologist Gideon Sjoberg places the first cities in __________.

__________ is the actual level of childbearing for an individual or a population.