Exam 15: Population and Urbanization.

According to the __________, overpopulation and rapid population growth result in global environmental problems, ranging from global warming and rain-forest destruction to famine and vulnerability to epidemics.

According to sociologist Ernest Burgess' concentric zone model, __________ refers to the central business district and cultural center.

Describe problems in global cities.

Discuss the conflict perspective on urbanization and the growth of cities: political economy models.

In 2006, the crude birth rate in the United States was __________, as compared with an all-time high rate of 27.0 per 1,000 in 1947 (following World War II).

Changes in population occur as a result of three processes. Which of the following is not a process that results in a change in population?

Sociologist Ernest Burgess noted that recent immigrants and low-income individuals moved into Zone 2, formerly occupied by wealthy families. This illustrated the ecological process of __________.

The __________ suggests that migration may be fostered by groups, such as humanitarian aid organizations relocating refugees or smugglers bringing people into a country illegally, and that the actions of these groups may produce a larger stream of migrants than would otherwise be the case.

For economist Thomas Malthus, _________ is the only acceptable preventive check on population.

The most basic measure of fertility is the cultivated birth rate-the number of live births per 1,000 people in a population in a given year. In 2006, the cultivated birth rate in the United States was 14.1 per 1,000.

__________ is the process by which some societies have moved from high birth and death rates to relatively low birth and death rates as a result of technological development.

During the demographic transition stage of ____________, little population growth occurs because high birth rates are offset by high death rates. Food shortages, poor sanitation, and lack of adequate medical care contribute to high rates of infant and child mortality.

An important relationship exists between population size and the availability of food, water, energy, and housing. Population size, composition, and distribution are also connected to issues such as poverty, racial and ethnic diversity, shifts in the age structure of society, and concerns about environmental degradation. These issues are of interest to researchers in the field of __________.

According to economist Thomas Malthus, the population, if left unchecked, would exceed the __________.

In 1900, the leading cause of death in the United States was __________.

Life expectancy varies by sex. Males born in the United States in 2003 could expect to live about __________ years.

According to economist Thomas Malthus, people should practice sexual abstinence before marriage and postpone marriage as long as possible in order to have only a few children. This reflects his views on __________ checks.

__________ is a subfield of sociology that examines social relationships and political and economic structures in the city.

__________ is the potential number of children that could be born if every woman reproduced at her maximum biological capacity.

Discuss Herbert Gans and twenty-first century urban villagers.