Exam 15: Population and Urbanization.

According to economist Thomas Malthus, which of the following is not a positive check on population?

In urbanized areas, __________ may be measured by the number of people who live per room, per block, or per square mile.

In his book on immigration, sociologist Robert Crosnoe argues that recent immigrants to the U.S. should not be seen as a threat but as a potential resource for our nation.

An important relationship exists between population size and the availability of food, water, energy, and housing. Population size, composition, and distribution are also connected to issues such as poverty, racial and ethnic diversity, and shifts in the age structure of society, and concerns about environmental degradation.

People migrate either voluntarily or involuntarily. Which of the following is not a "push" factor at the international level?

__________ usually occurs as a result of political oppression, such as when Jews fled Nazi Germany in the 1930s or when Afghans left their country to escape oppression there in the late 1990s.

Neo-Malthusians refer to ___________ as the point at which no population increase occurs from year to year as because the number of births plus immigrants is equal to the number of deaths plus emigrants.

Based on urbanization and the growth of cities, discuss the functionalist perspective as it relates to the ecological models.

Preindustrial cities were limited in size by a number of factors. Which of the following factors was not identified as limiting the size of preindustrial cities?

Functionalists argue that cities do not grow or decline by chance. Rather, they are the product of specific decisions made by members of the capitalist class and political elites. These far-reaching decisions regarding land use and urban development benefit the members of some groups at the expense of others.

Life expectancy varies by race. African American men have a life expectancy at birth of about __________ years.

A __________ refers to one or more central cities and their surrounding suburbs that dominate the economic and cultural life of a region.

__________ is a subfield of sociology that examines population size, composition, and distribution.

According to economist Thomas Malthus, when a __________ occurs, population growth inevitably surpasses the food supply; and the lack of food ultimately ends population growth and perhaps eliminates the existing population.

The level of fertility in a society is based on biological and social factors, the primary biological factor being __________.

Based on urbanization and the growth of cities, elaborate on the symbolic interactionist perspective as it relates to the experience of city life.

From a global context, elaborate on the Neo-Malthusian perspective on population growth.

Human ecology is the study of the relationship between people and their physical environment. According to sociologist Robert Park, economic competition produces certain regularities in land-use patterns and population distributions.

Applying sociologist Ernest Burgess' concentric zone model, __________ comprises homes for affluent families, single-family residences of white-collar works, and shopping centers.

Changes in fertility, mortality, and migration affect the __________ which refers to the biological and social characteristics of a population, including age, sex, race, marital status, education, occupation, income, and size of household.