Exam 9: Global Stratification

The education of __________ is of primary importance in the future if global inequality is to be reduced.

Summarize wealth and poverty in global perspective.

The 2008 U.S.financial crisis led to a(n) _________ that spread from high-income economies to lower-income economies.The economic slowdown particularly harmed countries located in the sub-Saharan Africa.

Transnational corporations have built maquiladora plants so that goods can be assembled by low-wage workers and then brought into the United States to keep production costs down.These maquiladora plants are located in what country?

The unequal distribution of wealth,power,and prestige on a worldwide basis,resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world,is referred to as:

Low-income countries are primarily __________ with little industrialization and low levels of national and personal income.

Ideas regarding underdevelopment were popularized by President Kennedy in his 1949 inaugural address.He stated that nations in the Southern Hemisphere were "underdeveloped areas" because of their low gross national product.

The __________ was introduced by the United Nations to help identify overlapping deprivations that are suffered by households in health,education,and living standards.These three dimensions are subdivided into ten indicators.

As compared with lower-middle-income economies,nations having upper-middle-income economies typically:

A child born in a low-HDI country has a life expectancy of about 56 years,which is __________ years less than in medium-HDI countries and ___________ years less than in very-high-HDI countries.

Walt Rostow,economic advisor to U.S.President Kennedy,suggested that all countries go through four stages of economic development.The first stage is the __________,in which very little social change takes place,and people do not think much about changing their current circumstances.

Although some gains have been made in reducing the rate of malnourishment in some lower-income nations,about one billion people around the world are malnourished,and __________ percent of these are in Asia and the Pacific.

The average life expectancy at birth of people in middle-income countries remains about 12 years less than that of people in high-income countries; moreover,the life expectancy of people in low-income countries is as much as 30 years less than that of people in high-income countries.

According to the Human Development Report,people who live in nations with ___________ can expect to be better educated,to live longer,and to earn more.

The _________ theory suggests that what exists under capitalism is a truly global system,held together by economic ties.

As compared with lower-middle-income economies,nations having upper-middle-income economies typically have a somewhat higher standard of living.

Describe how global wealth and poverty are measured.

Global stratification refers to the unequal distribution of wealth,power,and prestige on a global basis,resulting in people having vastly different lifestyles and life chances both within and among the nations of the world.

The idea of __________ has become the primary means used in attempts To reduce social and economic inequalities and alleviate the worst effects Of poverty in the less industrialized nations of the world.

The new international division of labor theory states that the poorer nations are trapped in a cycle of structural dependency on the richer nations due to their need for infusions of foreign capital and external markets for their raw materials.