Exam 4: Socialization

__________ occurs when children's basic needs-including emotional warmth and security,adequate shelter,food,health care,education,clothing,and protection-are not met,regardless of cause.

Four components make up our self-concept.The active self is best reflected in which of the following?

According to George Herbert Mead,in the __________ stage of self-development (up to age three),interactions lack meaning and children largely imitate the people around them.

The most important aspects of our racial identity and attitudes toward other racial/ethnic groups are:

According to Jean Piaget,in the __________ stage (age two to seven),children are limited in their ability to use logic to solve problems or to realize that physical objects may change in shape or appearance but still retain their physical properties.

According to a sociological perspective,we cannot form a sense of self or personal identity without intense social contact with others.The self represents the sum total of perception and feelings that an individual has of being a distinct,unique person-a sense of who and what one is.

Lawrence Kohlberg elaborated on Piaget's theories of cognitive reasoning by conducting a series of studies in which people were presented with __________ that took the form of stories.

According to George Herbert Mead,when children between the ages of three and five play "doctor" or "superhero," they are in the ________ stage of self-development.

Our __________ is our perception about what kind of person we are,which is developed through our interaction with others.

When we conform to our peer group's expectations,we are rewarded; if we do not conform,we may be ridiculed or even expelled from the group.Conforming to the demands of peers frequently places children and adolescents at cross-purposes with their parents.

Outline the stages of cognitive development as set forth by Jean Piaget.

Mead divided the self into three parts: the id,ego,and superego.

According to Sigmund Freud,the __________ is the component of personality that includes all of the individual's basic biological drives and needs that demand immediate gratification.

Outline the stages of the life course and briefly explain the importance of each stage.

Tyler is very concerned with how his friends view his behavior.This would be representative of Kohlberg's ____________ stage of moral development.

In the case of "Genie," extensive therapy was used in an attempt to socialize her and develop her language abilities.These efforts were highly successful and,at about age eighteen,she was able to live independently.

Socialization is essential for the ___________ because it enables us to develop our human potential and learn the ways of thinking,talking,and acting that are necessary for social living.

Sociologist Kingsley Davis was interested in the case of Anna,a child who was kept in an attic-like room in her grandfather's house,because:

Generally,studies have found that quality day-care and preschool programs have a positive effect on the overall socialization of children.

Compare and contrast gender socialization and racial/ethnic socialization.