Exam 4: Socialization

George Herbert Mead stated that __________ are those persons whose care,affection,and approval are especially desired and who are most important in the development of the self.

Older adults in industrialized societies may experience social devaluation-where a person or group is considered to have less social value than other persons or groups.

Children and adults who are able to read and hear about places and ideas they have not experienced,yet still understand them,would be considered to be in Piaget's __________ cognitive stage.

According to Jean Piaget,in the __________ stage (birth to age two),children understand the world only through sensory contact and immediate action; they cannot engage in symbolic thought or use language.

__________ for adult survivors of emotional/physical child abuse includes extensive therapy in order to form new patterns of thinking and actions.

The basic assumption in psychologist Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic approach is that human behavior and personality originate from unconscious forces within individuals.

Describe Charles Horton Cooley's looking-glass self.

__________ function as agents of socialization by contributing to our sense of "belonging" and our feelings of self-worth.They provide children with an opportunity for successful adaptation to situations such as gaining access to ongoing play,protecting shared activities from intruders,and building solidarity and mutual trust during ongoing activities.

According to sociologist Irving Goffman,inmates entering prison are required to strip,shower,and wear assigned institutional clothing.In this process,they are searched,weighed,fingerprinted,photographed,and given no privacy even in showers and restrooms.This depersonalization process is referred to as a:

Generally,studies have found that quality day-care and preschool programs have a:

Explain the key components of the human development theories of Charles Horton Cooley and George Herbert Mead,and evaluate the contribution of each to our understanding of the socialization process.

Describe in detail Sigmund Freud's human development and his different levels of the personality.

The use of social media such as Facebook and Twitter has grown exponentially in recent years.Today,__________ percent of teens report that they use the Internet,and most indicate that they use it to interact with friends,share artistic creations,and tell stories through online journals and blogs.

__________ theorists stress that socialization contributes to false consciousness-a lack of awareness and a distorted perception of the reality of class as it affects all aspects of social life.Socialization reaffirms and reproduces the class structure in the next generation rather than challenging the conditions that presently exist.

Explain why cases of isolated children are important to the understanding of the socialization process.

Define socialization and explain why this process is essential for the individual and society.

Theorists using a __________ perspective emphasize that families serve important duties in society because they are the primary source for the procreation and socialization of children.

According to Sigmund Freud,the __________ is the rational,reality-oriented component of personality that imposes restrictions on the innate pleasure-seeking drives of individuals.

__________ theorists assert that students have different experiences in the school system depending on their social class,their racial/ethnic background,the neighborhood in which they live,and their sex/gender.

Psychologists Harry and Margaret Harlow observed that infant rhesus monkeys,having been deprived of social contact with other monkeys during their first six months of life,never learned how to relate to other monkeys or to become well-adjusted adult monkeys.