Exam 11: Behavioral Process of Leading

Initiating structure is defined as leader behavior that reflects the leader's concern for the organization's members.

The ____________________ theory of leadership is based largely on the expectancy theory of individual motivation.

Leadership is most necessary when there is a lack of motivation in the organizational context in which the members operate.

In Osborn and Hunt's (1975) adaptive-reactive theory, the ____________________ variables include the task itself and differences among individual members.

Although she is not the manager, everyone in Mayen's department looks to her for leadership. This is an example of which of the following?

All theorists believe personality, rather than situational constraints or behavior preferred by members, is the most influential factor in determining the actual behavior of a leader.

____________________ power stems from the liking and admiration other people have for that person.

The major contribution of McClelland and his associates to research on managerial motivation was in showing that the needs for (a) ____________________, (b) ____________________, and (c) ____________________ have specific relevance to the organizational context.

According to Fiedler, the three elements in a situation that affect its favorableness are: (a) ____________________, (b) ____________________ and (c) ____________________.

According to the definitions of a leader outlined in the text, all of the following are applicable leadership qualities except:

McClelland's major contribution to research on ________________________ was to show that the needs for affiliation, achievement, and power have specific relevance to organizational context.

____________________ is leader behavior that serves to clarify for members what is expected.

Situational favorableness in the contingency model of leadership is defined by leader-member relations, task structure, and power position of the leader.

____________________reflects the concern of the leader for the welfare of the members and for a warm and friendly environment in the workplace.

In Fiedler's contingency model of leadership effectiveness, a leader's style is dichotomized into (a) ____________________ and (b) __________________________.

All definitions of leadership emphasize that it is an intellectual process aimed at instigating members.

The four dimensions of leader behavior are: (a) _______________, (b) _________________, (c) ________________, and (d) __________________.

___________________ is defined as leader behavior that reflects a leader's concern for clarifying the roles for both the leader and the organization's members, as well as a concern for effective performance of the group's tasks.

The ____________________ theory of leadership focuses on members' personal goals and their perceptions of the organizational goals.

Yukl and associates proposed twelve leadership behaviors and grouped them into three meta categories. Which of the following is not one of those categories?