Question 1

All of the following factors can distinguish strong from weak attitudes except

Accepted Answer

A)  the personal relevance of the issue. 
B)  the importance of the issue to family and friends. 
C)  the amount of perceived behavioral control. 
D)  the extent to which the issue concerns important values. 
A)  the personal relevance of the issue. 
B)  the importance of the issue to family and friends. 
C)  the amount of perceived behavioral control. 
D)  the extent to which the issue concerns important values.

Question 2

Jon and Kate give consecutive speeches on opposing sides in a debate on solar energy.Audience members are asked to register their view a few weeks later.How might the order of the speeches affect the audience's decision?

Accepted Answer

A)  It should yield a primacy effect. 
B)  It should yield a subliminal effect. 
C)  It should yield a recency effect. 
D)  It should not have any effect. 
A)  It should yield a primacy effect. 
B)  It should yield a subliminal effect. 
C)  It should yield a recency effect. 
D)  It should not have any effect.

Question 3

Oscar, an advertiser, develops a commercial for Crispy Crunch Crackling Cereal.Suppose children, processing information via the central route, watch the commercial.The commercial will be more likely to persuade the kids to want the cereal if it has all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  a spokesperson who asks viewers whether they want to try the cereal. 
B)  a simple straightforward message that the kids can learn easily. 
C)  a little jingle about the great qualities of the cereal that the children will remember. 
D)  an attractive spokesperson. 
A)  a spokesperson who asks viewers whether they want to try the cereal. 
B)  a simple straightforward message that the kids can learn easily. 
C)  a little jingle about the great qualities of the cereal that the children will remember. 
D)  an attractive spokesperson.

Question 4

Explain the difference between the central and peripheral routes to persuasion.

Accepted Answer

The central route to persuasion tends to

Question 5

Research demonstrates that exposure to weak versions of a persuasive argument tends to increase later resistance to that argument.This is consistent with

Accepted Answer

A)  the discounting cue hypothesis. 
B)  self-perception theory. 
C)  cognitive dissonance theory. 
D)  the inoculation hypothesis. 
A)  the discounting cue hypothesis. 
B)  self-perception theory. 
C)  cognitive dissonance theory. 
D)  the inoculation hypothesis.

Question 6

Wegener et al.(1995)found that happy participants used the central route to persuasion when presented with a pro-attitudinal message, but used the peripheral route to persuasion when presented with a counter-attitudinal message.This finding suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  positive mood disrupts the ability to process persuasive information. 
B)  people in a positive mood rely on superficial processing strategies. 
C)  positive mood affects different people in different ways. 
D)  happy people avoid processing only if it threatens to destroy their mood. 
A)  positive mood disrupts the ability to process persuasive information. 
B)  people in a positive mood rely on superficial processing strategies. 
C)  positive mood affects different people in different ways. 
D)  happy people avoid processing only if it threatens to destroy their mood.

Question 7

Which of the following concerning the use of fear appeals is not supported by research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fear appeals may motivate change by increasing the incentive to think carefully about the arguments in the message. 
B)  Fear appeals are generally less effective than messages that do not provoke fear. 
C)  Fear appeals are most effective when they include specific information on how to avoid the threat. 
D)  Fear arousal may reduce the ability of already fearful message recipients to carefully process a message. 
A)  Fear appeals may motivate change by increasing the incentive to think carefully about the arguments in the message. 
B)  Fear appeals are generally less effective than messages that do not provoke fear. 
C)  Fear appeals are most effective when they include specific information on how to avoid the threat. 
D)  Fear arousal may reduce the ability of already fearful message recipients to carefully process a message.

Question 8

Which means of persuasion is least obvious to a person who is unfamiliar with social psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Persuasion via newspaper editorials 
B)  Persuasion on websites 
C)  Persuasion based on the central route 
D)  Persuasion from within 
A)  Persuasion via newspaper editorials 
B)  Persuasion on websites 
C)  Persuasion based on the central route 
D)  Persuasion from within

Question 9

When she first joined the Army, Stephanie was not entirely sure she would like it, but was excited about the thought of traveling around the world.By the end of the grueling basic training program, she absolutely loved Army life and was totally committed to it, despite the fact that she had been stationed in New Jersey and never got to leave the country.Stephanie's attitude toward the Army is most likely the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  self-monitoring. 
B)  effort justification. 
C)  insufficient deterrence. 
D)  psychological reactance. 
A)  self-monitoring. 
B)  effort justification. 
C)  insufficient deterrence. 
D)  psychological reactance.

Question 10

Marge believes rather strongly that more money should be devoted to environmental concerns.However, she is agitated because she just signed a petition for a friend advocating the logging of a local forest in order to create new jobs.She then seems to soften her stance about the environment.This is best explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance theory. 
B)  self-affirmation theory. 
C)  the inoculation hypothesis. 
D)  self-perception theory. 
A)  cognitive dissonance theory. 
B)  self-affirmation theory. 
C)  the inoculation hypothesis. 
D)  self-perception theory.

Question 11

Research indicates that subliminal influence

Accepted Answer

A)  never occurs. 
B)  usually occurs in the short term for simple judgments. 
C)  is more likely among people high in the need for cognition. 
D)  can persuade people to take action even when they were previously unmotivated to do so. 
A)  never occurs. 
B)  usually occurs in the short term for simple judgments. 
C)  is more likely among people high in the need for cognition. 
D)  can persuade people to take action even when they were previously unmotivated to do so.

Question 12

Roger and Mike always seem to disagree on music.When Roger tells Mike that he has heard a new song on the radio that he likes a lot, this experience is likely to lead Mike to

Accepted Answer

A)  like the song more than he would have had he not talked to Roger ahead of time. 
B)  like the song less than he would have had he not talked to Roger ahead of time. 
C)  be skeptical about Roger's motivation for telling him about the song. 
D)  view Roger as an unlikable message source. 
A)  like the song more than he would have had he not talked to Roger ahead of time. 
B)  like the song less than he would have had he not talked to Roger ahead of time. 
C)  be skeptical about Roger's motivation for telling him about the song. 
D)  view Roger as an unlikable message source.

Question 13

A sleeper effect occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  persuasion occurs in response to subliminal stimuli. 
B)  a persuasive message from a noncredible source becomes more persuasive over time. 
C)  distraction interferes with the ability to pay attention to a persuasive message. 
D)  people fall asleep during exposure to a persuasive message. 
A)  persuasion occurs in response to subliminal stimuli. 
B)  a persuasive message from a noncredible source becomes more persuasive over time. 
C)  distraction interferes with the ability to pay attention to a persuasive message. 
D)  people fall asleep during exposure to a persuasive message.

Question 14

Implicit Association Tests (IATs)can detect implicit attitudes by measuring

Accepted Answer

A)  the participants' mood after responding to word pairings. 
B)  the time it takes participants to complete the whole test. 
C)  participants' facial muscles as they are exposed to positive or negative stimuli. 
D)  the speed at which participants associate stimuli with a positive or negative word. 
A)  the participants' mood after responding to word pairings. 
B)  the time it takes participants to complete the whole test. 
C)  participants' facial muscles as they are exposed to positive or negative stimuli. 
D)  the speed at which participants associate stimuli with a positive or negative word.

Question 15

Which of the following theories suggests that intentions to perform a behavior are best predicted by attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control?

Accepted Answer

A)  Theory of planned behavior 
B)  Cognitive dissonance theory 
C)  Self-perception theory 
D)  Self-affirmation theory 
A)  Theory of planned behavior 
B)  Cognitive dissonance theory 
C)  Self-perception theory 
D)  Self-affirmation theory

Question 16

Which of the following is not an explanation for why people in a positive mood are more susceptible to persuasion?

Accepted Answer

A)  A positive emotional state is distracting, making evaluation of arguments difficult. 
B)  A good mood makes you feel that all is well, and you don't work as hard to evaluate arguments. 
C)  Happy people want to preserve that mood, so they don't want to ruin it with critical evaluation of information. 
D)  A positive mood makes people more thoughtful, so they are more likely to engage in central processing. 
A)  A positive emotional state is distracting, making evaluation of arguments difficult. 
B)  A good mood makes you feel that all is well, and you don't work as hard to evaluate arguments. 
C)  Happy people want to preserve that mood, so they don't want to ruin it with critical evaluation of information. 
D)  A positive mood makes people more thoughtful, so they are more likely to engage in central processing.

Question 17

People high in need for cognition are

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to process a message along the central route. 
B)  most persuaded by image-oriented appeals. 
C)  more likely to agree with a message if they are in a good mood. 
D)  more persuaded by the reputation and appearance of the source. 
A)  more likely to process a message along the central route. 
B)  most persuaded by image-oriented appeals. 
C)  more likely to agree with a message if they are in a good mood. 
D)  more persuaded by the reputation and appearance of the source.

Question 18

The hypothesis that there is a genetic component to some attitudes would be supported by the finding that

Accepted Answer

A)  attitudes of identical twins are more similar than those of fraternal twins. 
B)  adults who shared certain physiological characteristics also had common political beliefs. 
C)  when asked about attitudes for which there seems to be a genetic predisposition, research participants were quicker to respond to questions and less likely to alter their views toward social norms. 
D)  All of these 
A)  attitudes of identical twins are more similar than those of fraternal twins. 
B)  adults who shared certain physiological characteristics also had common political beliefs. 
C)  when asked about attitudes for which there seems to be a genetic predisposition, research participants were quicker to respond to questions and less likely to alter their views toward social norms. 
D)  All of these

Question 19

According to the theory of planned behavior, how do attitudes influence behavior?

Accepted Answer

According to these theories, the influen

Question 20

Which of the following has not been demonstrated in research on role-playing?

Accepted Answer

A)  People show greater attitude change after writing a persuasive speech than after reading one. 
B)  Self-generated arguments are better remembered than arguments provided by others. 
C)  Expecting to have to present a persuasive communication to another person increases the impact of the communication. 
D)  Role-playing effects are stronger among those low in need for cognition than those high in need for cognition. 
A)  People show greater attitude change after writing a persuasive speech than after reading one. 
B)  Self-generated arguments are better remembered than arguments provided by others. 
C)  Expecting to have to present a persuasive communication to another person increases the impact of the communication. 
D)  Role-playing effects are stronger among those low in need for cognition than those high in need for cognition.

All of the following factors can distinguish strong from weak attitudes except

Jon and Kate give consecutive speeches on opposing sides in a debate on solar energy.Audience members are asked to register their view a few weeks later.How might the order of the speeches affect the audience's decision?

Oscar, an advertiser, develops a commercial for Crispy Crunch Crackling Cereal.Suppose children, processing information via the central route, watch the commercial.The commercial will be more likely to persuade the kids to want the cereal if it has all of the following except

Explain the difference between the central and peripheral routes to persuasion.

Research demonstrates that exposure to weak versions of a persuasive argument tends to increase later resistance to that argument.This is consistent with

Wegener et al.(1995)found that happy participants used the central route to persuasion when presented with a pro-attitudinal message, but used the peripheral route to persuasion when presented with a counter-attitudinal message.This finding suggests that

Which of the following concerning the use of fear appeals is not supported by research?

Which means of persuasion is least obvious to a person who is unfamiliar with social psychology?

Research indicates that subliminal influence

Roger and Mike always seem to disagree on music.When Roger tells Mike that he has heard a new song on the radio that he likes a lot, this experience is likely to lead Mike to

A sleeper effect occurs when

Implicit Association Tests (IATs)can detect implicit attitudes by measuring

Which of the following theories suggests that intentions to perform a behavior are best predicted by attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control?

Which of the following is not an explanation for why people in a positive mood are more susceptible to persuasion?

People high in need for cognition are

The hypothesis that there is a genetic component to some attitudes would be supported by the finding that

According to the theory of planned behavior, how do attitudes influence behavior?

Which of the following has not been demonstrated in research on role-playing?

What is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health and Well being

Filters

Exam 6: Attitudes

All of the following factors can distinguish strong from weak attitudes except

Jon and Kate give consecutive speeches on opposing sides in a debate on solar energy.Audience members are asked to register their view a few weeks later.How might the order of the speeches affect the audience's decision?

Oscar, an advertiser, develops a commercial for Crispy Crunch Crackling Cereal.Suppose children, processing information via the central route, watch the commercial.The commercial will be more likely to persuade the kids to want the cereal if it has all of the following except

Explain the difference between the central and peripheral routes to persuasion.

Research demonstrates that exposure to weak versions of a persuasive argument tends to increase later resistance to that argument.This is consistent with

Wegener et al.(1995)found that happy participants used the central route to persuasion when presented with a pro-attitudinal message, but used the peripheral route to persuasion when presented with a counter-attitudinal message.This finding suggests that

Which of the following concerning the use of fear appeals is not supported by research?

Which means of persuasion is least obvious to a person who is unfamiliar with social psychology?

Research indicates that subliminal influence

Roger and Mike always seem to disagree on music.When Roger tells Mike that he has heard a new song on the radio that he likes a lot, this experience is likely to lead Mike to

A sleeper effect occurs when

Implicit Association Tests (IATs)can detect implicit attitudes by measuring

Which of the following theories suggests that intentions to perform a behavior are best predicted by attitudes toward the behavior, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control?

Which of the following is not an explanation for why people in a positive mood are more susceptible to persuasion?

People high in need for cognition are

The hypothesis that there is a genetic component to some attitudes would be supported by the finding that

According to the theory of planned behavior, how do attitudes influence behavior?

Which of the following has not been demonstrated in research on role-playing?

What is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health and Well being

Filters