Question 1

When should anti-Sdᵃ be suspected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weak reactions at the antiglobulin phase occur with several panel cells 
B)  Reactions are stronger with enzymes at the immediate-spin phase 
C)  Antibody reacts with most panel cells and are mixed field and refractile microscopically 
D)  Weak reactions at the AHG phase titer out to high dilutions 
A)  Weak reactions at the antiglobulin phase occur with several panel cells 
B)  Reactions are stronger with enzymes at the immediate-spin phase 
C)  Antibody reacts with most panel cells and are mixed field and refractile microscopically 
D)  Weak reactions at the AHG phase titer out to high dilutions C

Question 2

Which of the following antigens is not commonly used on screening cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  D 
B)  k 
C)  Kpa 
D)  C 
A)  D 
B)  k 
C)  Kpa 
D)  C C

Question 3

Why is the agglutination reaction phase important in the interpretation of the antibody screen or antibody identification panel?

Accepted Answer

A)  Determines whether there is a delayed transfusion reaction 
B)  Provides clues on antibody dosage 
C)  Indicates the class of the antibody 
D)  Determines whether an autoantibody is present 
A)  Determines whether there is a delayed transfusion reaction 
B)  Provides clues on antibody dosage 
C)  Indicates the class of the antibody 
D)  Determines whether an autoantibody is present C

Question 4

If all antibody identification panel cells were reactive at the same strength at the antihuman globulin phase,no negative reactions were observed,and the autocontrol was negative,what antibody should be suspected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Multiple antibody specificities 
B)  Warm autoantibody 
C)  Antibody to a low-frequency antigen 
D)  Antibody to a high-frequency antigen 
A)  Multiple antibody specificities 
B)  Warm autoantibody 
C)  Antibody to a low-frequency antigen 
D)  Antibody to a high-frequency antigen

Question 5

High-titer,low-avidity antibodies typically:

Accepted Answer

A)  react with antigens of high frequency in the population. 
B)  react with antigens of low frequency in the population. 
C)  are clinically significant. 
D)  react best at colder temperatures. 
A)  react with antigens of high frequency in the population. 
B)  react with antigens of low frequency in the population. 
C)  are clinically significant. 
D)  react best at colder temperatures.

Question 6

What type of red cells is used in an autoadsorption to remove antibody from the serum?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antibody screening cells 
B)  Donor red cells 
C)  Patient red cells 
D)  Antibody identification panel cells 
A)  Antibody screening cells 
B)  Donor red cells 
C)  Patient red cells 
D)  Antibody identification panel cells

Question 7

An autoadsorption may be performed to investigate underlying autoantibodies.When is this procedure acceptable?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the autoantibody is reactive at 4° C 
B)  When the patient has not been recently transfused 
C)  Only if complement is coating the red cells 
D)  When the eluate is negative 
A)  When the autoantibody is reactive at 4° C 
B)  When the patient has not been recently transfused 
C)  Only if complement is coating the red cells 
D)  When the eluate is negative

Question 8

Select the antibody that is not produced against a low-incidence antigen.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anti-Vel 
B)  Anti-Cw 
C)  Anti-V 
D)  Anti-Lua 
A)  Anti-Vel 
B)  Anti-Cw 
C)  Anti-V 
D)  Anti-Lua

Question 9

Which of the following medications is most likely to cause the production of autoantibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tetracycline 
B)  Cephalothin 
C)  Methyldopa 
D)  Acutane 
A)  Tetracycline 
B)  Cephalothin 
C)  Methyldopa 
D)  Acutane

Question 10

If an anti-I is suspected in a patient's sample that requires a transfusion,what is the most acceptable course of action?

Accepted Answer

A)  Call the rare donor registry. 
B)  Crossmatch cord blood. 
C)  Perform a cold autoadsorption. 
D)  Perform the prewarm technique. 
A)  Call the rare donor registry. 
B)  Crossmatch cord blood. 
C)  Perform a cold autoadsorption. 
D)  Perform the prewarm technique.

Question 11

MATCHING
Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below.
-All screening cells positive 1+ at IS,DAT positive,C3 1+

Accepted Answer

A) Alloantibody, IgG 
B) Alloantibody, IgM 
C) Autoantibody, IgM 
D) Autoantibody or transfusion reaction, IgG 
A) Alloantibody, IgG 
B) Alloantibody, IgM 
C) Autoantibody, IgM 
D) Autoantibody or transfusion reaction, IgG

Question 12

MATCHING
Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below.
-One screening cell 1+ at antihuman globulin phase,DAT negative

Accepted Answer

A) Alloantibody, IgG 
B) Alloantibody, IgM 
C) Autoantibody, IgM 
D) Autoantibody or transfusion reaction, IgG 
A) Alloantibody, IgG 
B) Alloantibody, IgM 
C) Autoantibody, IgM 
D) Autoantibody or transfusion reaction, IgG

Question 13

Select the example of a cold alloantibody.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anti-M. 
B)  Anti-I. 
C)  Anti-Lub. 
D)  Anti-k. 
A)  Anti-M. 
B)  Anti-I. 
C)  Anti-Lub. 
D)  Anti-k.

Question 14

An antibody was detected at immediate-spin and 37° C that appeared to have anti-Le? specificity.To confirm the antibody identity and determine if there were other antibodies in the serum,a Lewis neutralization technique was performed.
Patient serum + Lewis substance = 0
Patient serum + saline control = 1+
Neutralized serum + Fy(a+b+)red cell = 0
What conclusion can be made from these results?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anti-Leb is confirmed. 
B)  Antibody was diluted, therefore no conclusion can be made. 
C)  Antibody was not neutralized, therefore anti-Leb has not been identified. 
D)  Antibody other than anti-Leb is most likely in the serum. 
A)  Anti-Leb is confirmed. 
B)  Antibody was diluted, therefore no conclusion can be made. 
C)  Antibody was not neutralized, therefore anti-Leb has not been identified. 
D)  Antibody other than anti-Leb is most likely in the serum.

Question 15

What is a characteristic of Rh system antibodies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mixed-field reactions on panels 
B)  Weak reactions with panel cells 
C)  Strong reactions with panel cells when read at immediate-spin phase 
D)  Reactions that are enhanced with enzymes 
A)  Mixed-field reactions on panels 
B)  Weak reactions with panel cells 
C)  Strong reactions with panel cells when read at immediate-spin phase 
D)  Reactions that are enhanced with enzymes

Question 16

Select the antibody where DTT (dithiothreitol)would be useful in the identification investigation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anti-Jsa 
B)  Anti-Kpb 
C)  Anti-Vel 
D)  Anti-K 
A)  Anti-Jsa 
B)  Anti-Kpb 
C)  Anti-Vel 
D)  Anti-K

Question 17

In an antibody identification panel,only one red cell was negative at the antihuman globulin phase.On ruling out and matching the pattern,an anti-k was identified.What further testing is necessary to confirm the antibody?

Accepted Answer

A)  Two more k-negative cells should be tested. 
B)  Two more K-negative cells should be tested. 
C)  Treat the panel cells with enzymes and perform the panel again. 
D)  Perform an adsorption using "k"-positive cells. 
A)  Two more k-negative cells should be tested. 
B)  Two more K-negative cells should be tested. 
C)  Treat the panel cells with enzymes and perform the panel again. 
D)  Perform an adsorption using "k"-positive cells.

Question 18

What is the most important concern when trying to identify antibodies in a patient with a warm autoantibody?

Accepted Answer

A)  Identifying the specificity of the autoantibody 
B)  Determining whether there are underlying alloantibodies 
C)  Identifying the antibody found in the eluate 
D)  Determining whether complement is binding to the autologous red cells 
A)  Identifying the specificity of the autoantibody 
B)  Determining whether there are underlying alloantibodies 
C)  Identifying the antibody found in the eluate 
D)  Determining whether complement is binding to the autologous red cells

Question 19

MATCHING
Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below.
-All screening cells positive 1+ at IS,DAT negative

Accepted Answer

A) Alloantibody, IgG 
B) Alloantibody, IgM 
C) Autoantibody, IgM 
D) Autoantibody or transfusion reaction, IgG 
A) Alloantibody, IgG 
B) Alloantibody, IgM 
C) Autoantibody, IgM 
D) Autoantibody or transfusion reaction, IgG

Question 20

Select the best description of the elution technique.

Accepted Answer

A)  Technique that disassociates IgM antibodies from red cells for further identification 
B)  Technique that disassociates IgG antibodies from red cells for further identification 
C)  Technique that adsorbs IgG antibodies from serum 
D)  Technique that separates IgG and IgM antibodies in serum 
A)  Technique that disassociates IgM antibodies from red cells for further identification 
B)  Technique that disassociates IgG antibodies from red cells for further identification 
C)  Technique that adsorbs IgG antibodies from serum 
D)  Technique that separates IgG and IgM antibodies in serum

When should anti-Sdᵃ be suspected?

Which of the following antigens is not commonly used on screening cells?

Why is the agglutination reaction phase important in the interpretation of the antibody screen or antibody identification panel?

If all antibody identification panel cells were reactive at the same strength at the antihuman globulin phase,no negative reactions were observed,and the autocontrol was negative,what antibody should be suspected?

High-titer,low-avidity antibodies typically:

What type of red cells is used in an autoadsorption to remove antibody from the serum?

An autoadsorption may be performed to investigate underlying autoantibodies.When is this procedure acceptable?

Select the antibody that is not produced against a low-incidence antigen.

Which of the following medications is most likely to cause the production of autoantibodies?

If an anti-I is suspected in a patient's sample that requires a transfusion,what is the most acceptable course of action?

MATCHING Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below. -All screening cells positive 1+ at IS,DAT positive,C3 1+

MATCHING Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below. -One screening cell 1+ at antihuman globulin phase,DAT negative

Select the example of a cold alloantibody.

What is a characteristic of Rh system antibodies?

Select the antibody where DTT (dithiothreitol)would be useful in the identification investigation.

In an antibody identification panel,only one red cell was negative at the antihuman globulin phase.On ruling out and matching the pattern,an anti-k was identified.What further testing is necessary to confirm the antibody?

What is the most important concern when trying to identify antibodies in a patient with a warm autoantibody?

MATCHING Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below. -All screening cells positive 1+ at IS,DAT negative

Select the best description of the elution technique.

Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry and Safety Issues in the Blood Bank

Immunology: Basic Principles and Applications in the Blood Bank

Blood Banking Reagents: Overview and Applications

Genetic Principles in Blood Banking

ABO and H Blood Group Systems and Secretor Status

Rh Blood Group System

Other Red Cell Blood Group Systems, Human Leukocyte Antigens, and Platelet Antigens

Compatibility Testing

Blood Bank Automation for Transfusion Services

Adverse Complications of Transfusions

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Donor Selection and Phlebotomy

Testing of Donor Blood

Blood Component Preparation and Therapy

Transfusion Therapy in Selected Patients

Filters

Exam 8: Antibody Detection and Identification

When should anti-Sdᵃ be suspected?

Which of the following antigens is not commonly used on screening cells?

Why is the agglutination reaction phase important in the interpretation of the antibody screen or antibody identification panel?

If all antibody identification panel cells were reactive at the same strength at the antihuman globulin phase,no negative reactions were observed,and the autocontrol was negative,what antibody should be suspected?

High-titer,low-avidity antibodies typically:

What type of red cells is used in an autoadsorption to remove antibody from the serum?

An autoadsorption may be performed to investigate underlying autoantibodies.When is this procedure acceptable?

Select the antibody that is not produced against a low-incidence antigen.

Which of the following medications is most likely to cause the production of autoantibodies?

If an anti-I is suspected in a patient's sample that requires a transfusion,what is the most acceptable course of action?

MATCHING Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below. -All screening cells positive 1+ at IS,DAT positive,C3 1+

MATCHING Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below. -One screening cell 1+ at antihuman globulin phase,DAT negative

Select the example of a cold alloantibody.

What is a characteristic of Rh system antibodies?

Select the antibody where DTT (dithiothreitol)would be useful in the identification investigation.

In an antibody identification panel,only one red cell was negative at the antihuman globulin phase.On ruling out and matching the pattern,an anti-k was identified.What further testing is necessary to confirm the antibody?

What is the most important concern when trying to identify antibodies in a patient with a warm autoantibody?

MATCHING Match the tentative interpretation of antibody screen and direct antiglobulin test (DAT) with the results given below. -All screening cells positive 1+ at IS,DAT negative

Select the best description of the elution technique.

Quality Assurance and Regulation of the Blood Industry and Safety Issues in the Blood Bank

Immunology: Basic Principles and Applications in the Blood Bank

Blood Banking Reagents: Overview and Applications

Genetic Principles in Blood Banking

ABO and H Blood Group Systems and Secretor Status

Rh Blood Group System

Other Red Cell Blood Group Systems, Human Leukocyte Antigens, and Platelet Antigens

Compatibility Testing

Blood Bank Automation for Transfusion Services

Adverse Complications of Transfusions

Hemolytic Disease of the Fetus and Newborn

Donor Selection and Phlebotomy

Testing of Donor Blood

Blood Component Preparation and Therapy

Transfusion Therapy in Selected Patients

Filters