Question 1

In the savanna, ____ lasts for months.

Accepted Answer

A)  cold temperatures 
B)  storms 
C)  periods of fast growth 
D)  fires 
E)  droughts 
A)  cold temperatures 
B)  storms 
C)  periods of fast growth 
D)  fires 
E)  droughts

Question 2

Tropical forests receive ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  intense solar radiation and heavy rainfall 
B)  moderate solar radiation and heavy rainfall 
C)  intense solar radiation and virtually no rainfall 
D)  moderate solar radiation and moderate rainfall 
E)  low solar radiation and heavy rainfall 
A)  intense solar radiation and heavy rainfall 
B)  moderate solar radiation and heavy rainfall 
C)  intense solar radiation and virtually no rainfall 
D)  moderate solar radiation and moderate rainfall 
E)  low solar radiation and heavy rainfall

Question 3

Which event occurs during a strong El Niño year?

Accepted Answer

A)  light rains in the central and eastern Pacific ocean 
B)  upwelling of cold water in the western Pacific ocean 
C)  death of phytoplankton in western coastal areas 
D)  cold surface currents flowing from west to east 
E)  strengthened equatorial winds 
A)  light rains in the central and eastern Pacific ocean 
B)  upwelling of cold water in the western Pacific ocean 
C)  death of phytoplankton in western coastal areas 
D)  cold surface currents flowing from west to east 
E)  strengthened equatorial winds

Question 4

Tropical deciduous forests experience ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mean annual temperature of at least 25oC 
B)  summer drought 
C)  winter drought 
D)  frequent mists 
E)  slow growth 
A)  mean annual temperature of at least 25oC 
B)  summer drought 
C)  winter drought 
D)  frequent mists 
E)  slow growth

Question 5

Rain shadows form on the leeward sides of mountain ranges.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Hydrothermal vents allow organisms to live in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the open ocean 
B)  the intertidal zone 
C)  the deep sea 
D)  the kelp forest 
E)  coral reefs 
A)  the open ocean 
B)  the intertidal zone 
C)  the deep sea 
D)  the kelp forest 
E)  coral reefs

Question 7

Temperate deciduous forests generally have ____ annual precipitation levels and ____ temperatures than boreal forests.

Accepted Answer

A)  higher; higher 
B)  the same; lower 
C)  the same; higher 
D)  lower; lower 
E)  lower; the same 
A)  higher; higher 
B)  the same; lower 
C)  the same; higher 
D)  lower; lower 
E)  lower; the same

Question 8

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. According to the graph, which biomes are defined by a mean annual precipitation under 50 cm?

Accepted Answer

A)  tropical forest, desert, and savanna 
B)  temperate deciduous forest, savanna, and tropical forest 
C)  boreal forest, temperate deciduous forest, and tundra 
D)  desert, tundra, and chaparral 
E)  desert, tundra, and grassland 
A)  tropical forest, desert, and savanna 
B)  temperate deciduous forest, savanna, and tropical forest 
C)  boreal forest, temperate deciduous forest, and tundra 
D)  desert, tundra, and chaparral 
E)  desert, tundra, and grassland

Question 9

Cool, dry air descends at which latitude?

Accepted Answer

A)  the equator 
B)  30oN and S 
C)  45oN and S 
D)  both 30oand 60oN and S 
E)  at the poles 
A)  the equator 
B)  30oN and S 
C)  45oN and S 
D)  both 30oand 60oN and S 
E)  at the poles

Question 10

According to researchers Parmesan and Yohe, how are living systems responding to anthropogenic global warming?

Accepted Answer

A)  All biomes are remaining intact but are shifting their distributions northward. 
B)  Some species are moving northward and others are not, so communities are being disrupted. 
C)  All biomes are remaining intact, but some are shifting their distributions and other biomes are not. 
D)  Most plants are shifting their distributions northward, but most animals are not. 
E)  Most animals are shifting their distributions northward, but most plants are not. 
A)  All biomes are remaining intact but are shifting their distributions northward. 
B)  Some species are moving northward and others are not, so communities are being disrupted. 
C)  All biomes are remaining intact, but some are shifting their distributions and other biomes are not. 
D)  Most plants are shifting their distributions northward, but most animals are not. 
E)  Most animals are shifting their distributions northward, but most plants are not.

Question 11

In marine environments, salinity averages about ____%.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  8 
D)  12 
E)  25 
A)  1 
B)  3 
C)  8 
D)  12 
E)  25

Question 12

- Answer the question using the accompanying figure. According to the graph, the upper mean annual temperature for boreal forests is approximately ____oC.

Accepted Answer

A)  -7 
B)  2 
C)  15 
D)  25 
E)  35 
A)  -7 
B)  2 
C)  15 
D)  25 
E)  35

Question 13

The thermocline prevents ____ the top layer of the limnetic zone and the deep profundal zone.

Accepted Answer

A)  plankton growth in 
B)  vertical mixing between 
C)  autumn overturn in 
D)  photosynthesis in 
E)  detritus formation in 
A)  plankton growth in 
B)  vertical mixing between 
C)  autumn overturn in 
D)  photosynthesis in 
E)  detritus formation in

Question 14

Which marine zone supports kelp forests?

Accepted Answer

A)  the pelagic province 
B)  the benthic province 
C)  the neritic zone 
D)  the abyssal zone 
E)  the intertidal zone 
A)  the pelagic province 
B)  the benthic province 
C)  the neritic zone 
D)  the abyssal zone 
E)  the intertidal zone

Question 15

What is the average annual rainfall in the desert biome?

Accepted Answer

A)  over 250 cm 
B)  80 - 90 cm 
C)  less than 25 cm 
D)  40 - 80 cm 
E)  100 - 150 cm 
A)  over 250 cm 
B)  80 - 90 cm 
C)  less than 25 cm 
D)  40 - 80 cm 
E)  100 - 150 cm

Question 16

What is the difference between an estuary and a salt marsh?

Accepted Answer

A)  Salt marshes are found far from the ocean, while estuaries border the ocean. 
B)  Salt marshes are not affected by tides, while estuaries are. 
C)  Salt marshes are dominated by grasses, while estuaries are defined by tidal influence. 
D)  Salt marshes border the ocean, while estuaries exist in river environments. 
E)  Salt marshes are affected by tides, while estuaries are not. 
A)  Salt marshes are found far from the ocean, while estuaries border the ocean. 
B)  Salt marshes are not affected by tides, while estuaries are. 
C)  Salt marshes are dominated by grasses, while estuaries are defined by tidal influence. 
D)  Salt marshes border the ocean, while estuaries exist in river environments. 
E)  Salt marshes are affected by tides, while estuaries are not.

Question 17

In the Northern Hemisphere, seasonal variation in temperatures is caused mainly by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Earth's elliptical orbit taking it closer to and farther away from the sun 
B)  the Earth's tilt on its axis of 23.5o 
C)  seasonal variation of energy output from the sun 
D)  warm equatorial air masses rising and spreading north and south 
E)  uneven warming of the ocean's surface water 
A)  the Earth's elliptical orbit taking it closer to and farther away from the sun 
B)  the Earth's tilt on its axis of 23.5o 
C)  seasonal variation of energy output from the sun 
D)  warm equatorial air masses rising and spreading north and south 
E)  uneven warming of the ocean's surface water

Question 18

Alpine tundra occurs _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  near the equator 
B)  above 90olatitude 
C)  on the windward side of continents 
D)  on the leeward side of continents 
E)  on high mountaintops 
A)  near the equator 
B)  above 90olatitude 
C)  on the windward side of continents 
D)  on the leeward side of continents 
E)  on high mountaintops

Question 19

According to Donald Perry, how do rainforest birds interact with the Norantea sessilis vine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Birds nest within the shelter of the thorny vine, which repels predators. 
B)  Birds feed on the fruits of the vine, distributing the seeds around the forest in their droppings. 
C)  Birds appear to be overfeeding on the vine's succulent fruits, probably limiting the plant's chances of long-term survival. 
D)  Birds that feed on the nectar of the flowers inadvertently transfer pollen from one vine to another on their feet. 
E)  Birds that feed on the nectar of the flowers inadvertently transfer pollen from one vine to another on their beaks. 
A)  Birds nest within the shelter of the thorny vine, which repels predators. 
B)  Birds feed on the fruits of the vine, distributing the seeds around the forest in their droppings. 
C)  Birds appear to be overfeeding on the vine's succulent fruits, probably limiting the plant's chances of long-term survival. 
D)  Birds that feed on the nectar of the flowers inadvertently transfer pollen from one vine to another on their feet. 
E)  Birds that feed on the nectar of the flowers inadvertently transfer pollen from one vine to another on their beaks.

Question 20

Adiabatic cooling reduces air temperatures by ____oC per 1,000 m increase in altitude.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 - 2 
B)  2 
C)  3 - 6 
D)  8 - 10 
E)  20 - 30 
A)  1 - 2 
B)  2 
C)  3 - 6 
D)  8 - 10 
E)  20 - 30

Exam 51: Ecology and the Biosphere

In the savanna, ____ lasts for months.

Tropical forests receive ____.

Which event occurs during a strong El Niño year?

Tropical deciduous forests experience ____.

Rain shadows form on the leeward sides of mountain ranges.

Hydrothermal vents allow organisms to live in ____.

Temperate deciduous forests generally have ____ annual precipitation levels and ____ temperatures than boreal forests.

-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. According to the graph, which biomes are defined by a mean annual precipitation under 50 cm?

Cool, dry air descends at which latitude?

According to researchers Parmesan and Yohe, how are living systems responding to anthropogenic global warming?

In marine environments, salinity averages about ____%.

- Answer the question using the accompanying figure. According to the graph, the upper mean annual temperature for boreal forests is approximately ____oC.

The thermocline prevents ____ the top layer of the limnetic zone and the deep profundal zone.

Which marine zone supports kelp forests?

What is the average annual rainfall in the desert biome?

What is the difference between an estuary and a salt marsh?

In the Northern Hemisphere, seasonal variation in temperatures is caused mainly by ____.

Alpine tundra occurs _____.

According to Donald Perry, how do rainforest birds interact with the Norantea sessilis vine?

Adiabatic cooling reduces air temperatures by ____oC per 1,000 m increase in altitude.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Temperate deciduous forests generally have annual precipitation levels and temperatures than boreal forests.

- Answer the question using the accompanying figure. According to the graph, the upper mean annual temperature for boreal forests is approximately ____^oC.

Adiabatic cooling reduces air temperatures by ____^oC per 1,000 m increase in altitude.