Question 1

Which domain(s) contains organisms with flagella?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  Eukarya only 
E)  Eukarya and Archaea 
A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  Eukarya only 
E)  Eukarya and Archaea

Question 2

The ____ are limited to three groups of proteobacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemoautotrophs only 
B)  chemoheterotrophs 
C)  photoautotrophs 
D)  photoheterotrophs only 
E)  chemoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs 
A)  chemoautotrophs only 
B)  chemoheterotrophs 
C)  photoautotrophs 
D)  photoheterotrophs only 
E)  chemoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs

Question 3

Prokaryotes ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  lack a nucleus 
B)  are generally larger than eukaryotes 
C)  are found only in certain niches 
D)  have a narrow range of metabolic activities 
E)  have a smaller biomass than plants 
A)  lack a nucleus 
B)  are generally larger than eukaryotes 
C)  are found only in certain niches 
D)  have a narrow range of metabolic activities 
E)  have a smaller biomass than plants

Question 4

How long does it take for a biofilm to form?

Accepted Answer

A)  seconds to minutes 
B)  minutes to hours 
C)  hours to days 
D)  days to months 
E)  months to years 
A)  seconds to minutes 
B)  minutes to hours 
C)  hours to days 
D)  days to months 
E)  months to years

Question 5

Korarchaeota ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  includes halophiles 
B)  includes psychrophiles 
C)  diverged very early in Archaean evolution 
D)  includes halophiles and thermophiles 
E)  diverged very late in Archaean evolution 
A)  includes halophiles 
B)  includes psychrophiles 
C)  diverged very early in Archaean evolution 
D)  includes halophiles and thermophiles 
E)  diverged very late in Archaean evolution

Question 6

Bacterial flagella ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic flagella 
B)  consist of a straight fiber of protein 
C)  are found in all motile bacteria 
D)  are powered by a gradient of calcium ions 
E)  contain microtubules 
A)  are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic flagella 
B)  consist of a straight fiber of protein 
C)  are found in all motile bacteria 
D)  are powered by a gradient of calcium ions 
E)  contain microtubules

Question 7

An organism that obtains its energy from sunlight is a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  autotroph 
B)  auxotroph 
C)  heterotroph 
D)  chemotroph 
E)  phototroph 
A)  autotroph 
B)  auxotroph 
C)  heterotroph 
D)  chemotroph 
E)  phototroph

Question 8

Prokaryotic cells generally reproduce by ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  binary fission 
C)  conjugation 
D)  transduction 
E)  transformation 
A)  mutation 
B)  binary fission 
C)  conjugation 
D)  transduction 
E)  transformation

Question 9

The lipopolysaccharides are associated with the ____ membrane of Gram- ____ bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  outer; positive 
B)  outer; negative 
C)  plasma; positive 
D)  plasma; negative 
E)  plasma; positive and negative 
A)  outer; positive 
B)  outer; negative 
C)  plasma; positive 
D)  plasma; negative 
E)  plasma; positive and negative

Question 10

Transformation involves contact between two bacterial cells, followed by the unidirectional transfer of plasmid genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Figure 26.2
-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which branch is most closely related to (shares a unique common ancestor with) the eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 12

Prokaryotes were split into two domains based on differences in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  staining characteristics 
B)  metabolic capabilities 
C)  rRNA sequences 
D)  cell membrane properties 
E)  cell wall composition 
A)  staining characteristics 
B)  metabolic capabilities 
C)  rRNA sequences 
D)  cell membrane properties 
E)  cell wall composition

Question 13

The genome of most prokaryotes consists of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a single linear DNA molecule 
B)  a single circular DNA molecule 
C)  many linear DNA molecules 
D)  many circular DNA molecules 
E)  a single DNA molecule that may be circular or linear, depending on the species 
A)  a single linear DNA molecule 
B)  a single circular DNA molecule 
C)  many linear DNA molecules 
D)  many circular DNA molecules 
E)  a single DNA molecule that may be circular or linear, depending on the species

Question 14

The presence of branched membrane lipids with ether linkages is a characteristic of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  both Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  of neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E)  Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya 
A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  both Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  of neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E)  Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya

Question 15

Most of the bacteria that cause human disease are ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  chemoautotrophs only 
B)  chemoheterotrophs 
C)  photoautotrophs 
D)  photoheterotrophs only 
E)  chemoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs 
A)  chemoautotrophs only 
B)  chemoheterotrophs 
C)  photoautotrophs 
D)  photoheterotrophs only 
E)  chemoautotrophs and photoheterotrophs

Question 16

The presence of cytoplasmic membrane-bound organelles is characteristic of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  both Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E)  Achaea, Bacteria and Eukarya 
A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  both Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E)  Achaea, Bacteria and Eukarya

Question 17

Formylmethionine is the first amino acid in proteins in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  both Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E)  Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya 
A)  Archaea only 
B)  Bacteria only 
C)  both Archaea and Bacteria 
D)  neither Archaea nor Bacteria 
E)  Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya

Question 18

Dormant structures formed by certain bacteria in response to unfavorable environmental conditions are called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  capsids 
B)  endospores 
C)  endotoxins 
D)  exotoxins 
E)  heterocysts 
A)  capsids 
B)  endospores 
C)  endotoxins 
D)  exotoxins 
E)  heterocysts

Question 19

Figure 26.1 
-Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries supplemental genetic information?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  5

Question 20

Spirilli are Gram-negative bacteria that possess internal flagella, which cause the entire cell to twist in a corkscrew pattern.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 26: Prokaryotes and Viruses

Which domain(s) contains organisms with flagella?

The ____ are limited to three groups of proteobacteria.

Prokaryotes ____.

How long does it take for a biofilm to form?

Korarchaeota ____.

Bacterial flagella ____.

An organism that obtains its energy from sunlight is a(n) ____.

Prokaryotic cells generally reproduce by ____.

The lipopolysaccharides are associated with the ____ membrane of Gram- ____ bacteria.

Transformation involves contact between two bacterial cells, followed by the unidirectional transfer of plasmid genes.

Figure 26.2 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which branch is most closely related to (shares a unique common ancestor with) the eukaryotes?

Prokaryotes were split into two domains based on differences in ____.

The genome of most prokaryotes consists of ____.

The presence of branched membrane lipids with ether linkages is a characteristic of ____.

Most of the bacteria that cause human disease are ____.

The presence of cytoplasmic membrane-bound organelles is characteristic of ____.

Formylmethionine is the first amino acid in proteins in ____.

Dormant structures formed by certain bacteria in response to unfavorable environmental conditions are called ____.

Figure 26.1 -Answer the question using the accompanying figure. Which number identifies the structure that carries supplemental genetic information?

Spirilli are Gram-negative bacteria that possess internal flagella, which cause the entire cell to twist in a corkscrew pattern.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Speciation

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

The lipopolysaccharides are associated with the membrane of Gram- bacteria.