Question 1

An allopolyploid is ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a polyploid that arose from hybridization 
B)  a species that arose after secondary contact 
C)  an allopatrically arising species 
D)  a polyploid arising from a single diploid individual 
E)  any sympatrically arising species 
A)  a polyploid that arose from hybridization 
B)  a species that arose after secondary contact 
C)  an allopatrically arising species 
D)  a polyploid arising from a single diploid individual 
E)  any sympatrically arising species

Question 2

Polyploidy refers to an individual ____ and occurs most often in ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  with one or more additional sets of chromosomes; animals 
B)  with one or more additional sets of chromosomes; plants 
C)  lacking one or more sets of chromosomes; plants 
D)  lacking one or more sets of chromosomes; animals 
E)  lacking individual chromosomes; animals 
A)  with one or more additional sets of chromosomes; animals 
B)  with one or more additional sets of chromosomes; plants 
C)  lacking one or more sets of chromosomes; plants 
D)  lacking one or more sets of chromosomes; animals 
E)  lacking individual chromosomes; animals

Question 3

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  animals that interbreed 
B)  crossbreeding plants 
C)  protists that interbreed 
D)  animals that reproduce sexually 
E)  plants that reproduce asexually 
A)  animals that interbreed 
B)  crossbreeding plants 
C)  protists that interbreed 
D)  animals that reproduce sexually 
E)  plants that reproduce asexually

Question 4

Flowers that bloom in early spring versus those that bloom in late summer experience which type of reproductive isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral 
B)  ecological 
C)  gametic 
D)  temporal 
E)  mechanical 
A)  behavioral 
B)  ecological 
C)  gametic 
D)  temporal 
E)  mechanical

Question 5

Based on the morphological species concept, why would you assume that there are many different species of rat snakes?

Accepted Answer

The rat snake is present in many diverse

Question 6

Sympatric speciation often occurs in animals through polyploidy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Mammals living in cold environments tend to have ____ bodies and ____ appendages than species living in warm environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  larger; fewer 
B)  larger; longer 
C)  larger; shorter 
D)  smaller; shorter 
E)  smaller; longer 
A)  larger; fewer 
B)  larger; longer 
C)  larger; shorter 
D)  smaller; shorter 
E)  smaller; longer

Question 8

The biological species concept emphasizes the ability of individuals to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  adapt to the environment 
B)  have greater longevity 
C)  intermingle with other species 
D)  live in a variety of habitats 
E)  interbreed and produce fertile offspring 
A)  adapt to the environment 
B)  have greater longevity 
C)  intermingle with other species 
D)  live in a variety of habitats 
E)  interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Question 9

Which combination is an example of prezygotic mechanisms of isolation?

Accepted Answer

A)  hybrid breakdown and temporal isolation 
B)  hybrid breakdown and gametic isolation 
C)  hybrid sterility and temporal isolation 
D)  mechanical and temporal isolation 
E)  mechanical and hybrid breakdown 
A)  hybrid breakdown and temporal isolation 
B)  hybrid breakdown and gametic isolation 
C)  hybrid sterility and temporal isolation 
D)  mechanical and temporal isolation 
E)  mechanical and hybrid breakdown

Question 10

A ring species is one in which ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a clinal variation occurs 
B)  all of the various populations can mate successfully 
C)  an area's climate interferes with speciation 
D)  none of the various populations can mate successfully 
E)  only intermediary populations can mate successfully 
A)  a clinal variation occurs 
B)  all of the various populations can mate successfully 
C)  an area's climate interferes with speciation 
D)  none of the various populations can mate successfully 
E)  only intermediary populations can mate successfully

Question 11

Match between columns
                        Premises: ecological isolation
gametic isolation
local variants of a species that exhibit dramatic, easily recognized phenotypic differences
behavioral isolation
temporal isolation
a group of closely related species recently descended from a recent common ancestor
mechanical isolation

Accepted Answer

The Answer of species cluster and subspecies and hybrid offspring is...

Question 12

Many closely related duck species exhibit ____, the dramatic variation in the appearance of males but not females, which is an almost certain sign of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  asexual reproduction; sexual selection 
B)  asexual reproduction; artificial selection 
C)  sexual dimorphism; sexual selection 
D)  sexual dimorphism; artificial selection 
E)  sexual uniformitarianism; sexual selection 
A)  asexual reproduction; sexual selection 
B)  asexual reproduction; artificial selection 
C)  sexual dimorphism; sexual selection 
D)  sexual dimorphism; artificial selection 
E)  sexual uniformitarianism; sexual selection

Question 13

Speciation that takes place when a physical barrier subdivides a large population is called ____ speciation.

Accepted Answer

A)  morphologic 
B)  phylogenetic 
C)  allopatric 
D)  sympatric 
E)  geographic 
A)  morphologic 
B)  phylogenetic 
C)  allopatric 
D)  sympatric 
E)  geographic

Question 14

Explain how reproductive isolation is central to the biological species concept.

Accepted Answer

The biological species concept defines s

Question 15

According to the biological species concept, members of the same species look alike primarily because they ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  live in the same environment 
B)  share the same gene pool 
C)  have a common ancestor 
D)  have stopped evolving 
E)  are adapted to the same life style 
A)  live in the same environment 
B)  share the same gene pool 
C)  have a common ancestor 
D)  have stopped evolving 
E)  are adapted to the same life style

Question 16

The evolution of prezygotic barriers to reproduction after postzygotic barriers already exist is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  species fusion 
B)  reinforcement 
C)  adaptive radiation 
D)  geographic isolation 
E)  hybridization 
A)  species fusion 
B)  reinforcement 
C)  adaptive radiation 
D)  geographic isolation 
E)  hybridization

Question 17

Polyploidy is a mechanism of sympatric speciation most common to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mammals 
B)  birds 
C)  amphibians 
D)  plants 
E)  fishes 
A)  mammals 
B)  birds 
C)  amphibians 
D)  plants 
E)  fishes

Question 18

Analysis of human chromosome 2 reveals that it was produced by the ____ that are still present in our closest ancestral ape relatives.

Accepted Answer

A)  fusion of many larger chromosomes 
B)  fusion of two smaller chromosomes 
C)  inversion of several centromeres 
D)  reversal of centromere locations 
E)  division of one larger chromosome 
A)  fusion of many larger chromosomes 
B)  fusion of two smaller chromosomes 
C)  inversion of several centromeres 
D)  reversal of centromere locations 
E)  division of one larger chromosome

Question 19

Biologists are not yet able to apply the phylogenetic species concept to all forms of life because ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  individuals within populations exhibit genotypic and phenotypic variation 
B)  detailed evolutionary histories have been described for relatively few groups of organisms 
C)  many forms of life reproduce asexually 
D)  evolutionary history cannot be determined for extinct species 
E)  it does not distinguish closely related species that are nearly identical in appearance 
A)  individuals within populations exhibit genotypic and phenotypic variation 
B)  detailed evolutionary histories have been described for relatively few groups of organisms 
C)  many forms of life reproduce asexually 
D)  evolutionary history cannot be determined for extinct species 
E)  it does not distinguish closely related species that are nearly identical in appearance

Question 20

On the Hawaiian Islands, speciation in Drosophila occurred when a small group of males and females colonized a new island, where they faced environmental selection pressures. In addition, sexual dimorphism - and therefore, sexual selection - maintained reproductive isolation from other populations on the new island. These populations, although closely related, remained ecologically different. These events are examples of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  a founder effect only 
B)  genetic drift only 
C)  adaptive radiation only 
D)  a founder effect and genetic drift, but not adaptive radiation 
E)  a founder effect, genetic drift, and adaptive radiation 
A)  a founder effect only 
B)  genetic drift only 
C)  adaptive radiation only 
D)  a founder effect and genetic drift, but not adaptive radiation 
E)  a founder effect, genetic drift, and adaptive radiation

Exam 22: Speciation

An allopolyploid is ____.

Polyploidy refers to an individual ____ and occurs most often in ____.

The biological species concept cannot be applied to ____.

Flowers that bloom in early spring versus those that bloom in late summer experience which type of reproductive isolation?

Based on the morphological species concept, why would you assume that there are many different species of rat snakes?

Sympatric speciation often occurs in animals through polyploidy.

Mammals living in cold environments tend to have ____ bodies and ____ appendages than species living in warm environments.

The biological species concept emphasizes the ability of individuals to ____.

Which combination is an example of prezygotic mechanisms of isolation?

A ring species is one in which ____.

Many closely related duck species exhibit ____, the dramatic variation in the appearance of males but not females, which is an almost certain sign of ____.

Speciation that takes place when a physical barrier subdivides a large population is called ____ speciation.

Explain how reproductive isolation is central to the biological species concept.

According to the biological species concept, members of the same species look alike primarily because they ____.

The evolution of prezygotic barriers to reproduction after postzygotic barriers already exist is called ____.

Polyploidy is a mechanism of sympatric speciation most common to ____.

Analysis of human chromosome 2 reveals that it was produced by the ____ that are still present in our closest ancestral ape relatives.

Biologists are not yet able to apply the phylogenetic species concept to all forms of life because ____.

Introduction to Biological Concepts and Research

Life, Chemistry, and Water

Biological Molecules: the Carbon Compounds of Life

Cells

Membranes and Transport

Energy, Enzymes, and Biological Reactions

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

Cell Division and Mitosis

Meiosis: the Cellular Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Mendel, Genes, and Inheritance

Genes, Chromosomes, and Human Genetics

Dna Structure, Replication, and Organization

Gene Expression: From Dna to Protein

Regulation of Gene Expression

Bacterial and Viral Genetics

Dna Technology: Making and Using Genetically Altered Organisms, and Other Applications

Genomes and Proteomes

The Development of Evolutionary Thought

Microevolution: Genetic Changes Within Populations

Paleobiology and Macroevolution

Systematic Biology: Phylogeny and Classification

The Origin of Life

Prokaryotes and Viruses

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

Fungi

Animal Phylogeny, Acoelomates, and Protostomes

Deuterostomes: Vertebrates and Their Closest Relatives

The Plant Body

Transport in Plants

Plant Nutrition

Reproduction and Development in Flowering Plants

Plant Signals and Responses to the Environment

Introduction to Animal Organization and Physiology

Information Flow and the Neuron

Nervous Systems

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Muscles, Bones, and Body Movements

The Circulatory System

Defenses Against Disease

Gas Exchange: the Respiratory System

Digestive Systems and Animal Nutrition

Regulating the Internal Environment: Osmoregulation, Excretion, and Thermoregulation

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Population Interactions and Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Animal Behavior

Filters

Polyploidy refers to an individual and occurs most often in .

Mammals living in cold environments tend to have bodies and appendages than species living in warm environments.

Many closely related duck species exhibit , the dramatic variation in the appearance of males but not females, which is an almost certain sign of .