Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of the dual-process approach to understanding minority influence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Majority and minority influence occur for through similar processes. 
B)  Group majorities and minorities exert their influence in very different ways. 
C)  Majority influence is likely to produce private conformity for ambiguous situations and public conformity for unambiguous situations. 
D)  Minority influence occurs through different psychological processes in collectivist versus individualistic cultures. 
A)  Majority and minority influence occur for through similar processes. 
B)  Group majorities and minorities exert their influence in very different ways. 
C)  Majority influence is likely to produce private conformity for ambiguous situations and public conformity for unambiguous situations. 
D)  Minority influence occurs through different psychological processes in collectivist versus individualistic cultures. B

Question 2

The Milgram study demonstrated

Accepted Answer

A)  the specific personality traits that predict destructive obedience to authority. 
B)  that people will typically harm another individual with little to no social pressure to do so. 
C)  that obedience to authority is most destructive when the authority figure is particularly harsh and demanding. 
D)  the potential for situational influences to lead ordinary people to commit extraordinarily destructive acts. 
A)  the specific personality traits that predict destructive obedience to authority. 
B)  that people will typically harm another individual with little to no social pressure to do so. 
C)  that obedience to authority is most destructive when the authority figure is particularly harsh and demanding. 
D)  the potential for situational influences to lead ordinary people to commit extraordinarily destructive acts. D

Question 3

Women conform more and men conform less when they believe they are being observed. Eagly (1987) argues that this occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  being watched makes people self-aware, which brings out their underlying personalities. 
B)  women are easier to manipulate, whereas men tend to be more independent. 
C)  women and men tend to be knowledgeable about different kinds of topics. 
D)  people feel greater pressure in public to behave in ways consistent with their gender role. 
A)  being watched makes people self-aware, which brings out their underlying personalities. 
B)  women are easier to manipulate, whereas men tend to be more independent. 
C)  women and men tend to be knowledgeable about different kinds of topics. 
D)  people feel greater pressure in public to behave in ways consistent with their gender role. D

Question 4

Who of the following is most likely to obey in Milgram's study?

Accepted Answer

A)  A man participating in a rundown office building with an experimenter in a lab coat 
B)  A woman who has to physically place the learner's hand down on a shock plate 
C)  A woman participating at Yale University with an experimenter in a lab coat 
D)  A man participating at Yale University with an experimenter dressed casually 
A)  A man participating in a rundown office building with an experimenter in a lab coat 
B)  A woman who has to physically place the learner's hand down on a shock plate 
C)  A woman participating at Yale University with an experimenter in a lab coat 
D)  A man participating at Yale University with an experimenter dressed casually

Question 5

Explain the that's-not-all technique, framed with the notion of reciprocal concessions, with an example.

Accepted Answer

The that's-not-all technique is a two-st

Question 6

Lowballing uses which of the following concepts to stand as an effective conformity technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ostracism 
B)  Commitment 
C)  Reciprocity 
D)  Social impact 
A)  Ostracism 
B)  Commitment 
C)  Reciprocity 
D)  Social impact

Question 7

In what way does conformity differ from obedience and compliance?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves less direct pressure from others. 
B)  It occurs only in response to the behavior of a group of others. 
C)  It requires the physical presence of at least one other person. 
D)  It is more likely to produce destructive behaviors. 
A)  It involves less direct pressure from others. 
B)  It occurs only in response to the behavior of a group of others. 
C)  It requires the physical presence of at least one other person. 
D)  It is more likely to produce destructive behaviors.

Question 8

Informational influence occurs under the condition that people

Accepted Answer

A)  believe that others are correct in their judgments, especially when they agree. 
B)  fear the negative social consequences of appearing deviant. 
C)  are motivated to appear consistent in their feelings and behaviors. 
D)  respond to social norms automatically and without any thought. 
A)  believe that others are correct in their judgments, especially when they agree. 
B)  fear the negative social consequences of appearing deviant. 
C)  are motivated to appear consistent in their feelings and behaviors. 
D)  respond to social norms automatically and without any thought.

Question 9

When trying to close a car sale, Jerry often tries to sweeten the deal by telling the customer that he will throw in six free oil changes as well. This sales technique is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  lowballing. 
B)  the that's-not-all technique. 
C)  the foot-in-the-door technique. 
D)  the door-in-the-face technique. 
A)  lowballing. 
B)  the that's-not-all technique. 
C)  the foot-in-the-door technique. 
D)  the door-in-the-face technique.

Question 10

Which of the following experimental groups will feel most socially connected?

Accepted Answer

A)  A group of three people who rocked in rocking chairs in unison 
B)  A group of three people who rocked in rocking chairs together, but at different paces 
C)  A group of three people who sat in different types of chairs 
D)  A group of ten people who are geographically dispersed 
A)  A group of three people who rocked in rocking chairs in unison 
B)  A group of three people who rocked in rocking chairs together, but at different paces 
C)  A group of three people who sat in different types of chairs 
D)  A group of ten people who are geographically dispersed

Question 11

Sherif's (1936) research using the autokinetic effect demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)  people often look to others as a source of information. 
B)  people are particularly concerned about social rejection. 
C)  conformity is difficult to establish in the laboratory. 
D)  only preexisting relationships have the power to influence behavior. 
A)  people often look to others as a source of information. 
B)  people are particularly concerned about social rejection. 
C)  conformity is difficult to establish in the laboratory. 
D)  only preexisting relationships have the power to influence behavior.

Question 12

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing ____, whereas minorities exert influence by producing ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influence; normative influence 
B)  public conformity; private conformity 
C)  reactance; obedience 
D)  conversion; compliance 
A)  informational influence; normative influence 
B)  public conformity; private conformity 
C)  reactance; obedience 
D)  conversion; compliance

Question 13

As group size increases, conformity will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  increase as long as each additional member of the group is perceived as an independent source of influence. 
D)  decrease as long as each additional member of the group is perceived as an independent source of influence. 
A)  increase. 
B)  decrease. 
C)  increase as long as each additional member of the group is perceived as an independent source of influence. 
D)  decrease as long as each additional member of the group is perceived as an independent source of influence.

Question 14

In the study of Meeus and Raaijmakers, the equivalent of Milgram's electrical shocks was

Accepted Answer

A)  beating "prisoners" who failed to obey orders. 
B)  delivering harassing remarks to a job candidate. 
C)  ostracizing a person from a social group. 
D)  helping a drunk person get a ride home. 
A)  beating "prisoners" who failed to obey orders. 
B)  delivering harassing remarks to a job candidate. 
C)  ostracizing a person from a social group. 
D)  helping a drunk person get a ride home.

Question 15

According to research by Emily Pronin and others (2007), which of the following statements explains why people perceive others to be more conforming than they, themselves, are?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are poor judges of others' motivations. 
B)  People tend to judge others by their overt behavior while judging themselves by focusing inward. 
C)  People judge themselves in the same way that they judge others, but often much less accurately. 
D)  People judge others by asking them about their inner thought processes. 
A)  People are poor judges of others' motivations. 
B)  People tend to judge others by their overt behavior while judging themselves by focusing inward. 
C)  People judge themselves in the same way that they judge others, but often much less accurately. 
D)  People judge others by asking them about their inner thought processes.

Question 16

Mary has just heard five friends say that Massachusetts is the largest state in New England, when she knows it is Maine. Rob, the next friend in line, says that New Hampshire is the largest state in New England. In this situation, Mary is now less likely to conform with the first five friends than if Rob had said that

Accepted Answer

A)  Maine is the largest state. 
B)  Massachusetts is the largest state. 
C)  he isn't familiar with New England. 
D)  Connecticut is the largest state. 
A)  Maine is the largest state. 
B)  Massachusetts is the largest state. 
C)  he isn't familiar with New England. 
D)  Connecticut is the largest state.

Question 17

Which of the following explanations for why a consistent behavioral style increases minority influence is least plausible ?

Accepted Answer

A)  A consistent minority draws more attention to its position. 
B)  A consistent minority puts increased pressure on the majority to compromise. 
C)  The position advocated by a consistent minority is more likely to be perceived as valid. 
D)  A consistent minority is more likely to exert normative social influence on the group. 
A)  A consistent minority draws more attention to its position. 
B)  A consistent minority puts increased pressure on the majority to compromise. 
C)  The position advocated by a consistent minority is more likely to be perceived as valid. 
D)  A consistent minority is more likely to exert normative social influence on the group.

Question 18

The original Milgram obedience study

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrates the personality characteristics associated with obedience to authority have changed over time. 
B)  has been followed up by a number of additional studies that have varied specific aspects of the research situation. 
C)  confirms that conformity results from both informational and normative social pressures. 
D)  randomly assigned participants to one of two experimental conditions. 
A)  demonstrates the personality characteristics associated with obedience to authority have changed over time. 
B)  has been followed up by a number of additional studies that have varied specific aspects of the research situation. 
C)  confirms that conformity results from both informational and normative social pressures. 
D)  randomly assigned participants to one of two experimental conditions.

Question 19

The technique of getting a commitment from a potential customer and then changing the terms of the agreement is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)  reciprocal concession. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  the foot-in-the-door technique. 
D)  lowballing. 
A)  reciprocal concession. 
B)  cognitive dissonance. 
C)  the foot-in-the-door technique. 
D)  lowballing.

Question 20

Which of the following statements holds regarding Milgram's research on obedience?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has stirred controversy regarding its ethics. 
B)  It revealed that far fewer people would deliver maximum shocks than was predicted by psychiatrists. 
C)  It was conducted to better understand the war in Vietnam. 
D)  It had psychologically disturbed individuals serve as participants. 
A)  It has stirred controversy regarding its ethics. 
B)  It revealed that far fewer people would deliver maximum shocks than was predicted by psychiatrists. 
C)  It was conducted to better understand the war in Vietnam. 
D)  It had psychologically disturbed individuals serve as participants.

Which of the following statements is true of the dual-process approach to understanding minority influence?

The Milgram study demonstrated

Women conform more and men conform less when they believe they are being observed. Eagly (1987) argues that this occurs because

Who of the following is most likely to obey in Milgram's study?

Explain the that's-not-all technique, framed with the notion of reciprocal concessions, with an example.

Lowballing uses which of the following concepts to stand as an effective conformity technique?

In what way does conformity differ from obedience and compliance?

Informational influence occurs under the condition that people

When trying to close a car sale, Jerry often tries to sweeten the deal by telling the customer that he will throw in six free oil changes as well. This sales technique is best described as

Which of the following experimental groups will feel most socially connected?

Sherif's (1936) research using the autokinetic effect demonstrated that

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing , whereas minorities exert influence by producing .

As group size increases, conformity will

In the study of Meeus and Raaijmakers, the equivalent of Milgram's electrical shocks was

According to research by Emily Pronin and others (2007), which of the following statements explains why people perceive others to be more conforming than they, themselves, are?

Which of the following explanations for why a consistent behavioral style increases minority influence is least plausible ?

The original Milgram obedience study

The technique of getting a commitment from a potential customer and then changing the terms of the agreement is best described as

Which of the following statements holds regarding Milgram's research on obedience?

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Doing Social Psychology Research

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Exam 7: Conformity

Which of the following statements is true of the dual-process approach to understanding minority influence?

The Milgram study demonstrated

Women conform more and men conform less when they believe they are being observed. Eagly (1987) argues that this occurs because

Who of the following is most likely to obey in Milgram's study?

Explain the that's-not-all technique, framed with the notion of reciprocal concessions, with an example.

Lowballing uses which of the following concepts to stand as an effective conformity technique?

In what way does conformity differ from obedience and compliance?

Informational influence occurs under the condition that people

When trying to close a car sale, Jerry often tries to sweeten the deal by telling the customer that he will throw in six free oil changes as well. This sales technique is best described as

Which of the following experimental groups will feel most socially connected?

Sherif's (1936) research using the autokinetic effect demonstrated that

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing ____, whereas minorities exert influence by producing ____.

As group size increases, conformity will

In the study of Meeus and Raaijmakers, the equivalent of Milgram's electrical shocks was

According to research by Emily Pronin and others (2007), which of the following statements explains why people perceive others to be more conforming than they, themselves, are?

Which of the following explanations for why a consistent behavioral style increases minority influence is least plausible ?

The original Milgram obedience study

The technique of getting a commitment from a potential customer and then changing the terms of the agreement is best described as

Which of the following statements holds regarding Milgram's research on obedience?

What Is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Law

Business

Health

Filters

According to the dual-process approach, majorities exert influence by producing , whereas minorities exert influence by producing .