Question 1

Plant-based diets may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. This is likely due to the fact that, compared to animal sources of protein, plant sources of protein are lower in

Accepted Answer

A)  dietary fiber. 
B)  saturated fat and cholesterol. 
C)  one or more essential amino acids. 
D)  phytochemicals. 
A)  dietary fiber. 
B)  saturated fat and cholesterol. 
C)  one or more essential amino acids. 
D)  phytochemicals.

Question 2

When an essential amino acid is lacking in the diet,

Accepted Answer

A)  nonessential amino acids will be converted into the missing amino acid. 
B)  protein synthesis will be limited. 
C)  glucose will be converted into the missing amino acid. 
D)  proteins will be made, but they will lack that particular amino acid. 
A)  nonessential amino acids will be converted into the missing amino acid. 
B)  protein synthesis will be limited. 
C)  glucose will be converted into the missing amino acid. 
D)  proteins will be made, but they will lack that particular amino acid.

Question 3

The ________ is the site of protein synthesis within the cell.

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome 
B)  nucleus 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  lysosome 
A)  ribosome 
B)  nucleus 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  lysosome

Question 4

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Incomplete protein

Accepted Answer

A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids 
A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids

Question 5

Which of the following is a true statement about body proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Body proteins are in a constant state of breakdown, rebuilding, and repair. 
B)  Body proteins change very little after age 20. 
C)  Synthesis of body proteins is directed by antigens, which are present in every cell. 
D)  Amino acids from dying cells or worn-out cell parts are excreted as a component of bile. 
A)  Body proteins are in a constant state of breakdown, rebuilding, and repair. 
B)  Body proteins change very little after age 20. 
C)  Synthesis of body proteins is directed by antigens, which are present in every cell. 
D)  Amino acids from dying cells or worn-out cell parts are excreted as a component of bile.

Question 6

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Kwashiorkor

Accepted Answer

A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids 
A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids

Question 7

In proteins, amino acids are joined by ________ bonds.

Accepted Answer

A)  amino 
B)  peptide 
C)  proteolytic 
D)  nitrogen 
A)  amino 
B)  peptide 
C)  proteolytic 
D)  nitrogen

Question 8

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  9 
C)  20 
D)  29 
A)  5 
B)  9 
C)  20 
D)  29

Question 9

A vegetarian who eats only foods of plant origin is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  lactoovovegetarian. 
B)  lactovegetarian. 
C)  vegan. 
D)  ovovegetarian. 
A)  lactoovovegetarian. 
B)  lactovegetarian. 
C)  vegan. 
D)  ovovegetarian.

Question 10

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in a protein chain is

Accepted Answer

A)  kwashiorkor. 
B)  sickle cell anemia. 
C)  marasmus. 
D)  edema. 
A)  kwashiorkor. 
B)  sickle cell anemia. 
C)  marasmus. 
D)  edema.

Question 11

The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes "The New American Plate," which includes plant-based foods covering ________ of the plate and meat, fish, poultry, or low-fat dairy covering ________ of the plate.

Accepted Answer

A)  one-half; one-half 
B)  three-quarters (or more); one-quarter (or less) 
C)  two-thirds (or more); one-third (or less) 
D)  one-third (or less); two-thirds (or more) 
A)  one-half; one-half 
B)  three-quarters (or more); one-quarter (or less) 
C)  two-thirds (or more); one-third (or less) 
D)  one-third (or less); two-thirds (or more)

Question 12

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Complete protein

Accepted Answer

A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids 
A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids

Question 13

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Aspartic Acid 
B)  Cysteine 
C)  Arginine 
D)  Tryptophan 
A)  Aspartic Acid 
B)  Cysteine 
C)  Arginine 
D)  Tryptophan

Question 14

Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ________ that can leave the nucleus.

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids 
B)  chromosomes 
C)  mRNA 
D)  tRNA 
A)  amino acids 
B)  chromosomes 
C)  mRNA 
D)  tRNA

Question 15

Insulin is one example of a protein that acts as

Accepted Answer

A)  an antioxidant. 
B)  an enzyme. 
C)  a hormone. 
D)  an antibody. 
A)  an antioxidant. 
B)  an enzyme. 
C)  a hormone. 
D)  an antibody.

Question 16

Amino acids are absorbed via

Accepted Answer

A)  active absorption. 
B)  passive diffusion. 
C)  facilitated diffusion. 
D)  osmosis. 
A)  active absorption. 
B)  passive diffusion. 
C)  facilitated diffusion. 
D)  osmosis.

Question 17

Denaturation refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  alteration of the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
B)  digestion of a polypeptide chain into individual amino acids. 
C)  joining of two amino acids to form a dipeptide. 
D)  removal of the amino group from an amino acid. 
A)  alteration of the three-dimensional structure of a protein. 
B)  digestion of a polypeptide chain into individual amino acids. 
C)  joining of two amino acids to form a dipeptide. 
D)  removal of the amino group from an amino acid.

Question 18

When there is a need for increased dietary protein during pregnancy or lactation, which of the following foods would be least desirable?

Accepted Answer

A)  Eggs 
B)  Dried beans 
C)  Gelatin 
D)  Beef 
A)  Eggs 
B)  Dried beans 
C)  Gelatin 
D)  Beef

Question 19

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Marasmus

Accepted Answer

A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids 
A) A buildup of fluids in extracellular spaces 
B) Amino acids that can be synthesized by a healthy body in sufficient amounts 
C) Two food protein sources that make up for each other's inadequate supply of specific essential amino acids 
D) A disease that results from consuming an insufficient amount of protein and energy 
E) The essential amino acid in lowest concentration in a food relative to body needs
F)Dietary proteins that are low in or lack one or more essential amino acids
G)Amino acids that cannot be synthesized by humans in sufficient amounts and therefore must be included in the diet
H)A physical state in which protein intake is equal to related protein losses
I)A disease that results from consuming marginal energy and considerably insufficient protein despite high needs
J)Dietary proteins that contain ample amounts of all nine essential amino acids

Question 20

It takes approximately ________ kilograms of grain to produce 1 kilogram of animal protein in cereal-fed animals.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  10 
A)  2 
B)  3 
C)  5 
D)  10

Plant-based diets may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. This is likely due to the fact that, compared to animal sources of protein, plant sources of protein are lower in

When an essential amino acid is lacking in the diet,

The ________ is the site of protein synthesis within the cell.

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Incomplete protein

Which of the following is a true statement about body proteins?

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Kwashiorkor

In proteins, amino acids are joined by ________ bonds.

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?

A vegetarian who eats only foods of plant origin is a(n)

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in a protein chain is

The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes "The New American Plate," which includes plant-based foods covering of the plate and meat, fish, poultry, or low-fat dairy covering of the plate.

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Complete protein

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ________ that can leave the nucleus.

Insulin is one example of a protein that acts as

Amino acids are absorbed via

Denaturation refers to

When there is a need for increased dietary protein during pregnancy or lactation, which of the following foods would be least desirable?

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Marasmus

It takes approximately ________ kilograms of grain to produce 1 kilogram of animal protein in cereal-fed animals.

Nutrition, Food Choices, and Health

Designing a Healthy Dietary Pattern

The Human Body: a Nutrition Perspective

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Energy Balance and Weight Control

Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Nutrition: Fitness and Sports

Eating Disorders

Global Nutrition

Protecting Our Food Supply

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition From Infancy Through Adolescence

Nutrition During Adulthood

Filters

Exam 6: Proteins

Plant-based diets may reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease. This is likely due to the fact that, compared to animal sources of protein, plant sources of protein are lower in

When an essential amino acid is lacking in the diet,

The ________ is the site of protein synthesis within the cell.

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Incomplete protein

Which of the following is a true statement about body proteins?

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Kwashiorkor

In proteins, amino acids are joined by ________ bonds.

Approximately how many different amino acids are used in the synthesis of body proteins?

A vegetarian who eats only foods of plant origin is a(n)

A hereditary condition caused by an incorrect amino acid in a protein chain is

The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes "The New American Plate," which includes plant-based foods covering ________ of the plate and meat, fish, poultry, or low-fat dairy covering ________ of the plate.

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Complete protein

Which of the following is an essential amino acid?

Because the DNA cannot leave the nucleus to get to the ribosomes, the genes for proteins must be transcribed into ________ that can leave the nucleus.

Insulin is one example of a protein that acts as

Amino acids are absorbed via

Denaturation refers to

When there is a need for increased dietary protein during pregnancy or lactation, which of the following foods would be least desirable?

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Marasmus

It takes approximately ________ kilograms of grain to produce 1 kilogram of animal protein in cereal-fed animals.

Nutrition, Food Choices, and Health

Designing a Healthy Dietary Pattern

The Human Body: a Nutrition Perspective

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Energy Balance and Weight Control

Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Nutrition: Fitness and Sports

Eating Disorders

Global Nutrition

Protecting Our Food Supply

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition From Infancy Through Adolescence

Nutrition During Adulthood

Filters

The American Institute for Cancer Research promotes "The New American Plate," which includes plant-based foods covering of the plate and meat, fish, poultry, or low-fat dairy covering of the plate.