Question 1

Which absorptive process in the small intestine requires a carrier and energy to transport nutrients into absorptive cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Active absorption 
B)  Passive diffusion 
C)  Facilitated diffusion 
D)  Phagocytosis 
A)  Active absorption 
B)  Passive diffusion 
C)  Facilitated diffusion 
D)  Phagocytosis A

Question 2

The study of the ways nutrients and food influence gene expression is called

Accepted Answer

A)  epidemiology. 
B)  molecular biology. 
C)  nutrigenomics. 
D)  nutrigenetics. 
A)  epidemiology. 
B)  molecular biology. 
C)  nutrigenomics. 
D)  nutrigenetics. C

Question 3

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

Accepted Answer

A)  pyloric sphincter. 
B)  lower esophageal sphincter. 
C)  sphincter of Oddi. 
D)  ileocecal sphincter. 
A)  pyloric sphincter. 
B)  lower esophageal sphincter. 
C)  sphincter of Oddi. 
D)  ileocecal sphincter. A

Question 4

The ________ system is made up of several glands that act in the regulation of metabolism, reproduction, water balance, and many other functions.

Accepted Answer

A)  urinary 
B)  cardiovascular 
C)  endocrine 
D)  lymphatic 
A)  urinary 
B)  cardiovascular 
C)  endocrine 
D)  lymphatic

Question 5

The organelles that are known as the power plants or the powerhouses of the cell are the

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria. 
B)  lysosomes. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  nuclei. 
A)  mitochondria. 
B)  lysosomes. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  nuclei.

Question 6

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Pinocytosis

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy 
A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy

Question 7

A chemical that allows for communication between one cell and another is a

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitter. 
B)  neuron. 
C)  nephron. 
D)  synapse. 
A)  neurotransmitter. 
B)  neuron. 
C)  nephron. 
D)  synapse.

Question 8

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Active absorption

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy 
A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy

Question 9

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epiglottis 
B)  Tongue 
C)  Tonsils 
D)  Esophagus 
A)  Epiglottis 
B)  Tongue 
C)  Tonsils 
D)  Esophagus

Question 10

Where does digestion begin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mouth 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Esophagus 
D)  Small intestine 
A)  Mouth 
B)  Stomach 
C)  Esophagus 
D)  Small intestine

Question 11

When a nutrient moves, with the help of a carrier, from an area of higher nutrient concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration of that nutrient is lower, this is called

Accepted Answer

A)  active absorption. 
B)  passive diffusion. 
C)  facilitated diffusion. 
D)  phagocytosis. 
A)  active absorption. 
B)  passive diffusion. 
C)  facilitated diffusion. 
D)  phagocytosis.

Question 12

Which pH best describes the environment of the stomach when stimulated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutral 
B)  Acidic 
C)  Basic 
A)  Neutral 
B)  Acidic 
C)  Basic

Question 13

The villi of the small intestine

Accepted Answer

A)  provide an enormous surface area that facilitates absorption. 
B)  store fat-soluble vitamins. 
C)  continuously push food through the small intestine to the colon. 
D)  inactivate enzymes consumed with food. 
A)  provide an enormous surface area that facilitates absorption. 
B)  store fat-soluble vitamins. 
C)  continuously push food through the small intestine to the colon. 
D)  inactivate enzymes consumed with food.

Question 14

Excessive acid production in the stomach or upper small intestine could result in

Accepted Answer

A)  poor iron, calcium, and folate absorption. 
B)  small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. 
C)  formation of an ulcer. 
D)  decreased fiber digestion and absorption. 
A)  poor iron, calcium, and folate absorption. 
B)  small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. 
C)  formation of an ulcer. 
D)  decreased fiber digestion and absorption.

Question 15

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Facilitated diffusion

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy 
A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy

Question 16

Which of the following is true about digestive enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  An enzyme can only be used one time. 
B)  Most enzymes are produced by the liver. 
C)  Enzymes that work in the acidic environment of the stomach cannot work in the basic or alkaline environment of the small intestine and vice versa. 
D)  Enzymes typically work independently of vitamins or minerals. 
A)  An enzyme can only be used one time. 
B)  Most enzymes are produced by the liver. 
C)  Enzymes that work in the acidic environment of the stomach cannot work in the basic or alkaline environment of the small intestine and vice versa. 
D)  Enzymes typically work independently of vitamins or minerals.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding bile?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is an enzyme 
B)  It stimulates the release of pancreatic juices 
C)  It is produced by the liver 
D)  It is a hormone 
A)  It is an enzyme 
B)  It stimulates the release of pancreatic juices 
C)  It is produced by the liver 
D)  It is a hormone

Question 18

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

Accepted Answer

A)  a bolus. 
B)  feces. 
C)  chyme. 
D)  bile. 
A)  a bolus. 
B)  feces. 
C)  chyme. 
D)  bile.

Question 19

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Passive absorption

Accepted Answer

A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy 
A) Movement of nutrients against a concentration gradient; requires a carrier and energy 
B) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires a carrier, but does not require energy 
C) Uptake of nutrients in which solid particles are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
D) Uptake of nutrients in which liquids are engulfed by the absorptive cell; requires energy 
E) Movement of nutrients down a concentration gradient; requires no carrier and no energy

Question 20

Match the following with the descriptions below.
-Villi

Accepted Answer

A) A mixture of stomach secretions and partially digested food 
B) Fingerlike projections in the small intestine that participate in digestion and absorption of nutrients 
C) A compound that speeds the rate of chemical processes but is not altered by the process 
D) A muscular valve that controls the flow of food matter into the stomach 
E) A substance released into the small intestine to aid fat absorption 
A) A mixture of stomach secretions and partially digested food 
B) Fingerlike projections in the small intestine that participate in digestion and absorption of nutrients 
C) A compound that speeds the rate of chemical processes but is not altered by the process 
D) A muscular valve that controls the flow of food matter into the stomach 
E) A substance released into the small intestine to aid fat absorption

Which absorptive process in the small intestine requires a carrier and energy to transport nutrients into absorptive cells?

The study of the ways nutrients and food influence gene expression is called

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

The ________ system is made up of several glands that act in the regulation of metabolism, reproduction, water balance, and many other functions.

The organelles that are known as the power plants or the powerhouses of the cell are the

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Pinocytosis

A chemical that allows for communication between one cell and another is a

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Active absorption

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow?

Where does digestion begin?

When a nutrient moves, with the help of a carrier, from an area of higher nutrient concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration of that nutrient is lower, this is called

Which pH best describes the environment of the stomach when stimulated?

The villi of the small intestine

Excessive acid production in the stomach or upper small intestine could result in

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Facilitated diffusion

Which of the following is true about digestive enzymes?

Which of the following is true regarding bile?

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Passive absorption

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Villi

Nutrition, Food Choices, and Health

Designing a Healthy Dietary Pattern

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Energy Balance and Weight Control

Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Nutrition: Fitness and Sports

Eating Disorders

Global Nutrition

Protecting Our Food Supply

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition From Infancy Through Adolescence

Nutrition During Adulthood

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Exam 3: The Human Body: a Nutrition Perspective

Which absorptive process in the small intestine requires a carrier and energy to transport nutrients into absorptive cells?

The study of the ways nutrients and food influence gene expression is called

The stomach empties into the small intestine through the

The ________ system is made up of several glands that act in the regulation of metabolism, reproduction, water balance, and many other functions.

The organelles that are known as the power plants or the powerhouses of the cell are the

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Pinocytosis

A chemical that allows for communication between one cell and another is a

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Active absorption

What structure prevents food from entering the trachea when you swallow?

Where does digestion begin?

When a nutrient moves, with the help of a carrier, from an area of higher nutrient concentration into an absorptive cell where the concentration of that nutrient is lower, this is called

Which pH best describes the environment of the stomach when stimulated?

The villi of the small intestine

Excessive acid production in the stomach or upper small intestine could result in

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Facilitated diffusion

Which of the following is true about digestive enzymes?

Which of the following is true regarding bile?

Partially digested food that enters the small intestine from the stomach is called

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Passive absorption

Match the following with the descriptions below. -Villi

Nutrition, Food Choices, and Health

Designing a Healthy Dietary Pattern

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Proteins

Energy Balance and Weight Control

Vitamins

Water and Minerals

Nutrition: Fitness and Sports

Eating Disorders

Global Nutrition

Protecting Our Food Supply

Nutrition During Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Nutrition From Infancy Through Adolescence

Nutrition During Adulthood

Filters