Question 1

The first federally approved gene therapy test on humans was designed to treat

Accepted Answer

A)  severe combined immune deficiency. 
B)  diabetes. 
C)  cystic fibrosis. 
D)  hemophilia. 
E)  leukemia. 
A)  severe combined immune deficiency. 
B)  diabetes. 
C)  cystic fibrosis. 
D)  hemophilia. 
E)  leukemia.

Question 2

Transcription of RNA takes place in the

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria. 
B)  cytoplasm. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum. 
A)  mitochondria. 
B)  cytoplasm. 
C)  ribosomes. 
D)  nucleus. 
E)  endoplasmic reticulum.

Question 3

The replication illustrated here is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  dominant. 
B)  recessive. 
C)  semiconservative. 
D)  conservative. 
E)  hemiconservative. 
A)  dominant. 
B)  recessive. 
C)  semiconservative. 
D)  conservative. 
E)  hemiconservative.

Question 4

There are how many different kinds of amino acids in proteins?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 
B)  6 
C)  12 
D)  20 
E)  28 
A)  3 
B)  6 
C)  12 
D)  20 
E)  28

Question 5

Transfer RNA differs from other types of RNA because it

Accepted Answer

A)  transfers genetic instructions from cell nucleus to cytoplasm. 
B)  specifies the amino acid sequence of a particular protein. 
C)  carries an amino acid at one end. 
D)  contains codons. 
E)  has different bases in its nucleotides. 
A)  transfers genetic instructions from cell nucleus to cytoplasm. 
B)  specifies the amino acid sequence of a particular protein. 
C)  carries an amino acid at one end. 
D)  contains codons. 
E)  has different bases in its nucleotides.

Question 6

Mutations can be

Accepted Answer

A)  random. 
B)  beneficial. 
C)  harmful. 
D)  heritable. 
E)  all of these 
A)  random. 
B)  beneficial. 
C)  harmful. 
D)  heritable. 
E)  all of these

Question 7

Unfortunately, several of the children who were genetically treated for SCID-X1 have since developed

Accepted Answer

A)  sickle cell anemia. 
B)  diabetes. 
C)  cystic fibrosis. 
D)  hemophilia. 
E)  leukemia. 
A)  sickle cell anemia. 
B)  diabetes. 
C)  cystic fibrosis. 
D)  hemophilia. 
E)  leukemia.

Question 8

Genetically engineering bacteria may be used to break down pollutants in the environment in a process known as

Accepted Answer

A)  bioremediation. 
B)  replica plating. 
C)  hybridization. 
D)  transcription. 
E)  polymorphism. 
A)  bioremediation. 
B)  replica plating. 
C)  hybridization. 
D)  transcription. 
E)  polymorphism.

Question 9

Gene therapy

Accepted Answer

A)  has never been used successfully with mammals. 
B)  is a surgical technique that separates chromosomes that have failed to segregate properly during meiosis II. 
C)  has been used successfully to treat victims of Huntington's disorder by removing the dominant damaging autosomal allele and replacing it with a harmless one. 
D)  offers the possibility of replacing defective alleles with normal ones. 
E)  may be used to clone individuals. 
A)  has never been used successfully with mammals. 
B)  is a surgical technique that separates chromosomes that have failed to segregate properly during meiosis II. 
C)  has been used successfully to treat victims of Huntington's disorder by removing the dominant damaging autosomal allele and replacing it with a harmless one. 
D)  offers the possibility of replacing defective alleles with normal ones. 
E)  may be used to clone individuals.

Question 10

Match between columns
                        Premises: This codon codes for an amino acid and indicates the beginning of a coding region.
The anticodon AAA would pair with this codon.
A DNA codon of ATT would be complementary to this RNA codon.
A single mutation involving the second letter of codon AUA would convert it to this.
This codon terminates a coding region.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of UAA and AUG and UAA. and AAA is...

Question 11

Each round of reactions in PCR ____ the number of DNA molecules from the target site.

Accepted Answer

A)  doubles 
B)  triples 
C)  quadruples 
D)  quintuples 
E)  does not affect 
A)  doubles 
B)  triples 
C)  quadruples 
D)  quintuples 
E)  does not affect

Question 12

The portion of the DNA molecule that is not translated and is a noncoding portion of DNA is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)  introns. 
B)  anticodons. 
C)  exons. 
D)  transcriptions. 
E)  regulatory proteins. 
A)  introns. 
B)  anticodons. 
C)  exons. 
D)  transcriptions. 
E)  regulatory proteins.

Question 13

Of all the different codons that exist, three of them

Accepted Answer

A)  are involved in mutations. 
B)  do not specify a particular amino acid. 
C)  cannot be copied. 
D)  provide punctuation or instructions such as "stop." 
E)  do not specify a particular amino acid but do provide punctuation or instructions such as "stop." 
A)  are involved in mutations. 
B)  do not specify a particular amino acid. 
C)  cannot be copied. 
D)  provide punctuation or instructions such as "stop." 
E)  do not specify a particular amino acid but do provide punctuation or instructions such as "stop."

Question 14

The start signal in an mRNA strand is

Accepted Answer

A)  UAG. 
B)  GUA. 
C)  AUG. 
D)  TAG. 
E)  ATG. 
A)  UAG. 
B)  GUA. 
C)  AUG. 
D)  TAG. 
E)  ATG.

Question 15

For the codon-anticodon pairing, flexibility exists at the

Accepted Answer

A)  first base. 
B)  second base. 
C)  third base. 
D)  fourth base. 
E)  fifth base. 
A)  first base. 
B)  second base. 
C)  third base. 
D)  fourth base. 
E)  fifth base.

Question 16

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common number. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  number of nucleotides in a codon 
B)  number of building blocks (parts) in a nucleotide 
C)  number of stop codons 
D)  number of types of DNA 
E)  number of types of RNA 
A)  number of nucleotides in a codon 
B)  number of building blocks (parts) in a nucleotide 
C)  number of stop codons 
D)  number of types of DNA 
E)  number of types of RNA

Question 17

The nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA is

Accepted Answer

A)  adenine. 
B)  cytosine. 
C)  guanine. 
D)  uracil. 
E)  thymine. 
A)  adenine. 
B)  cytosine. 
C)  guanine. 
D)  uracil. 
E)  thymine.

Question 18

The Human Genome Project seeks to

Accepted Answer

A)  identify the nucleotide sequence of all human genes. 
B)  develop a complete DNA library for a human gene. 
C)  develop genetic markers for all genetic diseases. 
D)  catalog all the varieties of human alleles. 
E)  identify all humans that possess genetic defects. 
A)  identify the nucleotide sequence of all human genes. 
B)  develop a complete DNA library for a human gene. 
C)  develop genetic markers for all genetic diseases. 
D)  catalog all the varieties of human alleles. 
E)  identify all humans that possess genetic defects.

Question 19

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are components of a nucleotide. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  pentose sugar 
B)  amino acid 
C)  cytosine 
D)  phosphate group 
E)  adenine 
A)  pentose sugar 
B)  amino acid 
C)  cytosine 
D)  phosphate group 
E)  adenine

Question 20

Bioengineered bacteria now produce

Accepted Answer

A)  human insulin. 
B)  human growth hormone. 
C)  interferons. 
D)  useful human proteins. 
E)  all of these. 
A)  human insulin. 
B)  human growth hormone. 
C)  interferons. 
D)  useful human proteins. 
E)  all of these.

Exam 21: DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

The first federally approved gene therapy test on humans was designed to treat

Transcription of RNA takes place in the

The replication illustrated here is termed

There are how many different kinds of amino acids in proteins?

Transfer RNA differs from other types of RNA because it

Mutations can be

Unfortunately, several of the children who were genetically treated for SCID-X1 have since developed

Genetically engineering bacteria may be used to break down pollutants in the environment in a process known as

Gene therapy

Each round of reactions in PCR ____ the number of DNA molecules from the target site.

The portion of the DNA molecule that is not translated and is a noncoding portion of DNA is composed of

Of all the different codons that exist, three of them

The start signal in an mRNA strand is

For the codon-anticodon pairing, flexibility exists at the

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are related by a common number. Select the exception.

The nitrogenous base found in RNA but not in DNA is

The Human Genome Project seeks to

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are components of a nucleotide. Select the exception.

Bioengineered bacteria now produce

Learning About Human Biology

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