Question 1

The exchange of substances across a membrane between chemically different solutions is

Accepted Answer

A)  dialysis. 
B)  lithotripsy. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  active transport. 
E)  facilitated diffusion. 
A)  dialysis. 
B)  lithotripsy. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  active transport. 
E)  facilitated diffusion. A

Question 2

Which of the following is actively transported in the proximal tubules of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  bicarbonate ions 
B)  sodium ions 
C)  chloride ions 
D)  water 
E)  ADH 
A)  bicarbonate ions 
B)  sodium ions 
C)  chloride ions 
D)  water 
E)  ADH B

Question 3

Filtrate from Bowman's capsule flows into the

Accepted Answer

A)  papillary duct. 
B)  loop of Henle. 
C)  proximal tubule. 
D)  distal tubules. 
E)  peritubular capillary. 
A)  papillary duct. 
B)  loop of Henle. 
C)  proximal tubule. 
D)  distal tubules. 
E)  peritubular capillary. C

Question 4

The hormone that influences sodium reabsorption in the kidney is

Accepted Answer

A)  antidiuretic hormone. 
B)  cortisone. 
C)  aldosterone. 
D)  corticotropic hormone. 
E)  adrenalin. 
A)  antidiuretic hormone. 
B)  cortisone. 
C)  aldosterone. 
D)  corticotropic hormone. 
E)  adrenalin.

Question 5

In a urine analysis, alkaline urine can indicate

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolic problems. 
B)  an infection. 
C)  malfunctioning kidneys. 
D)  prostate cancer. 
E)  bladder cancer. 
A)  metabolic problems. 
B)  an infection. 
C)  malfunctioning kidneys. 
D)  prostate cancer. 
E)  bladder cancer.

Question 6

If blood is too acidic, bicarbonate ions enter the bloodstream via the

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting ducts. 
B)  proximal tubules. 
C)  distal tubules. 
D)  peritubular capillaries. 
E)  Henle's loop. 
A)  collecting ducts. 
B)  proximal tubules. 
C)  distal tubules. 
D)  peritubular capillaries. 
E)  Henle's loop.

Question 7

One of the most common of all childhood cancers is

Accepted Answer

A)  bronchogenic carcinoma. 
B)  glioblastoma. 
C)  Wilms tumor. 
D)  osteogenic sarcoma. 
E)  multiple myeloma. 
A)  bronchogenic carcinoma. 
B)  glioblastoma. 
C)  Wilms tumor. 
D)  osteogenic sarcoma. 
E)  multiple myeloma.

Question 8

The body's acid-base balance relies strongly on

Accepted Answer

A)  reabsorption. 
B)  filtration. 
C)  secretion. 
D)  urination. 
E)  neutralization. 
A)  reabsorption. 
B)  filtration. 
C)  secretion. 
D)  urination. 
E)  neutralization.

Question 9

The process by which the body exerts the greatest control involving the water balance of an individual is

Accepted Answer

A)  sweating. 
B)  elimination in feces. 
C)  urinary excretion. 
D)  evaporation through the skin. 
E)  respiratory loss. 
A)  sweating. 
B)  elimination in feces. 
C)  urinary excretion. 
D)  evaporation through the skin. 
E)  respiratory loss.

Question 10

Which vitamin is converted to its active form in the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B12 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E 
A)  A 
B)  B12 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 11

Metabolism produces more than ____ waste products.

Accepted Answer

A)  1000 
B)  800 
C)  200 
D)  600 
E)  10,000 
A)  1000 
B)  800 
C)  200 
D)  600 
E)  10,000

Question 12

Match between columns
                        Premises: nephron
aldosterone
ADH
glomerular filtration
angiotensin II
tubular reabsorption

Accepted Answer

The Answer of substance that acts on the adrenal glands is...

Question 13

Extracellular fluid includes

Accepted Answer

A)  interstitial fluid only. 
B)  blood only. 
C)  lymph only. 
D)  blood and lymph only. 
E)  interstitial fluid, blood, and lymph. 
A)  interstitial fluid only. 
B)  blood only. 
C)  lymph only. 
D)  blood and lymph only. 
E)  interstitial fluid, blood, and lymph.

Question 14

Blood is delivered to each nephron by

Accepted Answer

A)  an efferent arteriole. 
B)  peritubular capillaries. 
C)  a renal capsule. 
D)  an afferent arteriole. 
E)  proximal tubules. 
A)  an efferent arteriole. 
B)  peritubular capillaries. 
C)  a renal capsule. 
D)  an afferent arteriole. 
E)  proximal tubules.

Question 15

The body weight of a healthy adult female is what percent fluid?

Accepted Answer

A)  30% 
B)  40% 
C)  50% 
D)  60% 
E)  65% 
A)  30% 
B)  40% 
C)  50% 
D)  60% 
E)  65%

Question 16

Water reabsorption into the capillaries associated with a nephron is achieved principally by

Accepted Answer

A)  bulk flow. 
B)  active transport and diffusion. 
C)  countercurrent multiplication. 
D)  phagocytosis. 
E)  endocytosis. 
A)  bulk flow. 
B)  active transport and diffusion. 
C)  countercurrent multiplication. 
D)  phagocytosis. 
E)  endocytosis.

Question 17

In the kidney, the collecting ducts from the nephrons empty immediately into the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal cortex. 
B)  renal medulla. 
C)  renal pelvis. 
D)  ureter. 
E)  urethra. 
A)  renal cortex. 
B)  renal medulla. 
C)  renal pelvis. 
D)  ureter. 
E)  urethra.

Question 18

A procedure using high-energy sound waves to blast kidney stones into fragments is

Accepted Answer

A)  galvanic therapy. 
B)  diathermy. 
C)  lithotripsy 
D)  dialysis. 
E)  cauterization. 
A)  galvanic therapy. 
B)  diathermy. 
C)  lithotripsy 
D)  dialysis. 
E)  cauterization.

Question 19

Conversion of Vitamin D by the kidneys to an active form is an example of the urinary system's homeostatic interaction with which system?

Accepted Answer

A)  skeletal 
B)  cardiovascular 
C)  digestive 
D)  endocrine 
E)  muscular 
A)  skeletal 
B)  cardiovascular 
C)  digestive 
D)  endocrine 
E)  muscular

Question 20

After the blood leaves the glomerular capillaries, it goes via the efferent arterioles to the

Accepted Answer

A)  renal vein. 
B)  renal artery. 
C)  peritubular capillaries. 
D)  vena cava. 
E)  heart. 
A)  renal vein. 
B)  renal artery. 
C)  peritubular capillaries. 
D)  vena cava. 
E)  heart.

Exam 12: The Urinary System

The exchange of substances across a membrane between chemically different solutions is

Which of the following is actively transported in the proximal tubules of the kidney?

Filtrate from Bowman's capsule flows into the

The hormone that influences sodium reabsorption in the kidney is

In a urine analysis, alkaline urine can indicate

If blood is too acidic, bicarbonate ions enter the bloodstream via the

One of the most common of all childhood cancers is

The body's acid-base balance relies strongly on

The process by which the body exerts the greatest control involving the water balance of an individual is

Which vitamin is converted to its active form in the kidney?

Metabolism produces more than ____ waste products.

Extracellular fluid includes

Blood is delivered to each nephron by

The body weight of a healthy adult female is what percent fluid?

Water reabsorption into the capillaries associated with a nephron is achieved principally by

In the kidney, the collecting ducts from the nephrons empty immediately into the

A procedure using high-energy sound waves to blast kidney stones into fragments is

Conversion of Vitamin D by the kidneys to an active form is an example of the urinary system's homeostatic interaction with which system?

After the blood leaves the glomerular capillaries, it goes via the efferent arterioles to the

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