Question 1

In a mutation,

Accepted Answer

A)  the new codon may specify a different amino acid, but may not change the function of the new protein produced. 
B)  the new codon may specify the same amino acid as the old codon. 
C)  the new codon and resulting amino acid may destroy the function of the protein specified. 
D)  the new codon may have no effect. 
E)  all of these 
A)  the new codon may specify a different amino acid, but may not change the function of the new protein produced. 
B)  the new codon may specify the same amino acid as the old codon. 
C)  the new codon and resulting amino acid may destroy the function of the protein specified. 
D)  the new codon may have no effect. 
E)  all of these

Question 2

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  All the cells of any one single individual human have the same genes. 
B)  Only red blood cells have hemoglobin genes. 
C)  Different genes are activated depending on the cell they are in. 
D)  Genetically, liver cells and brain cells differ mostly in function. 
E)  Introns may be a sort of genetic gibberish. 
A)  All the cells of any one single individual human have the same genes. 
B)  Only red blood cells have hemoglobin genes. 
C)  Different genes are activated depending on the cell they are in. 
D)  Genetically, liver cells and brain cells differ mostly in function. 
E)  Introns may be a sort of genetic gibberish.

Question 3

A linear stretch of DNA that specifies the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  codon. 
B)  intron. 
C)  messenger. 
D)  gene. 
E)  enzyme. 
A)  codon. 
B)  intron. 
C)  messenger. 
D)  gene. 
E)  enzyme.

Question 4

If the codon consisted of only two nucleotides, there would be how many different kinds of codons?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32 
E)  64 
A)  4 
B)  8 
C)  16 
D)  32 
E)  64

Question 5

Which of the following methods of DNA amplification does NOT require cloning?

Accepted Answer

A)  reverse transcription 
B)  polymerase chain reaction 
C)  cloned DNA 
D)  reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction 
E)  polymerase chain reaction and cloned DNA 
A)  reverse transcription 
B)  polymerase chain reaction 
C)  cloned DNA 
D)  reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction 
E)  polymerase chain reaction and cloned DNA

Question 6

Match between columns
                        Premises: tRNA
promoter
intron
codon
transposable element
histone

Accepted Answer

The Answer of carries amino acid to protein assembly sites is...

Question 7

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  rDNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  rDNA

Question 8

A polysome is

Accepted Answer

A)  one of the units of a ribosome. 
B)  the nuclear organelle that synthesizes RNA. 
C)  an organelle that functions similarly to a ribosome during meiosis. 
D)  the two units of a ribosome considered together. 
E)  an mRNA molecule with several ribosomes attached. 
A)  one of the units of a ribosome. 
B)  the nuclear organelle that synthesizes RNA. 
C)  an organelle that functions similarly to a ribosome during meiosis. 
D)  the two units of a ribosome considered together. 
E)  an mRNA molecule with several ribosomes attached.

Question 9

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are different forms of a class of nucleic acids. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  template 
B)  ribosomal 
C)  messenger 
D)  transfer 
E)  DNA 
A)  template 
B)  ribosomal 
C)  messenger 
D)  transfer 
E)  DNA

Question 10

The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template strand is called

Accepted Answer

A)  replication. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  DNA synthesis. 
E)  metabolism. 
A)  replication. 
B)  translation. 
C)  transcription. 
D)  DNA synthesis. 
E)  metabolism.

Question 11

In DNA molecules,

Accepted Answer

A)  the nucleotides are arranged in a linear, unbranched pattern. 
B)  the nitrogenous bases are found on the outside of the molecule. 
C)  the pentose-phosphate pattern runs the same way on each DNA strand. 
D)  the chains form a globular mass. 
E)  hydrogen bonds join the sugars and phosphates. 
A)  the nucleotides are arranged in a linear, unbranched pattern. 
B)  the nitrogenous bases are found on the outside of the molecule. 
C)  the pentose-phosphate pattern runs the same way on each DNA strand. 
D)  the chains form a globular mass. 
E)  hydrogen bonds join the sugars and phosphates.

Question 12

Thanks to the Human Genome Project, we now know that humans possess approximately how many genes?

Accepted Answer

A)  100,000 
B)  50,000 
C)  21,500 
D)  10,000 
E)  5,000 
A)  100,000 
B)  50,000 
C)  21,500 
D)  10,000 
E)  5,000

Question 13

Small circular molecules of DNA in bacteria are called

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmids. 
B)  desmids. 
C)  pili. 
D)  F particles. 
E)  transferrins. 
A)  plasmids. 
B)  desmids. 
C)  pili. 
D)  F particles. 
E)  transferrins.

Question 14

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below describe changes at the chromosomal level. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  base substitution 
B)  duplication 
C)  translocation 
D)  deletion 
E)  inversion 
A)  base substitution 
B)  duplication 
C)  translocation 
D)  deletion 
E)  inversion

Question 15

Ultraviolet light has a specific effect on the DNA molecule. It causes the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  thymine dimers. 
B)  translocations. 
C)  deletions. 
D)  inversions. 
E)  duplications. 
A)  thymine dimers. 
B)  translocations. 
C)  deletions. 
D)  inversions. 
E)  duplications.

Question 16

The changing of a business letter from shorthand to typewritten copy is analogous to

Accepted Answer

A)  translation of mRNA. 
B)  transcription of DNA. 
C)  protein synthesis. 
D)  deciphering the genetic code. 
E)  replication of DNA. 
A)  translation of mRNA. 
B)  transcription of DNA. 
C)  protein synthesis. 
D)  deciphering the genetic code. 
E)  replication of DNA.

Question 17

Noncoding DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  is "junk" DNA. 
B)  is the cause of many genetic diseases. 
C)  requires more study to determine its roles. 
D)  is used for cloning. 
E)  occurs only in some people. 
A)  is "junk" DNA. 
B)  is the cause of many genetic diseases. 
C)  requires more study to determine its roles. 
D)  is used for cloning. 
E)  occurs only in some people.

Question 18

Enzymes in the ribosome act to

Accepted Answer

A)  digest proteins. 
B)  join amino acids together. 
C)  remove amino acids from proteins. 
D)  form an initiation complex. 
E)  stop translation. 
A)  digest proteins. 
B)  join amino acids together. 
C)  remove amino acids from proteins. 
D)  form an initiation complex. 
E)  stop translation.

Question 19

a(n. ____ taxies foreign DNA into a host cell that can divide rapidly.

Accepted Answer

A)  primer 
B)  intron 
C)  DNA clone 
D)  exon 
E)  codon 
A)  primer 
B)  intron 
C)  DNA clone 
D)  exon 
E)  codon

Question 20

The steps of a spiral staircase would compare to what part of a DNA molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  sugars 
B)  hydrogen bonds 
C)  base pairs 
D)  nucleotides 
E)  phosphates 
A)  sugars 
B)  hydrogen bonds 
C)  base pairs 
D)  nucleotides 
E)  phosphates

Exam 21: DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

In a mutation,

Which of the following statements is false?

A linear stretch of DNA that specifies the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide is called a(n)

If the codon consisted of only two nucleotides, there would be how many different kinds of codons?

Which of the following methods of DNA amplification does NOT require cloning?

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide?

A polysome is

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are different forms of a class of nucleic acids. Select the exception.

The synthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template strand is called

In DNA molecules,

Thanks to the Human Genome Project, we now know that humans possess approximately how many genes?

Small circular molecules of DNA in bacteria are called

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below describe changes at the chromosomal level. Select the exception.

Ultraviolet light has a specific effect on the DNA molecule. It causes the formation of

The changing of a business letter from shorthand to typewritten copy is analogous to

Noncoding DNA

Enzymes in the ribosome act to

a(n. ____ taxies foreign DNA into a host cell that can divide rapidly.

The steps of a spiral staircase would compare to what part of a DNA molecule?

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

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