Question 1

A DNA region that can "jump" from one location to another is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  frameshift mutation. 
B)  transposable element. 
C)  mutagen. 
D)  polysome. 
E)  base-pair substitution. 
A)  frameshift mutation. 
B)  transposable element. 
C)  mutagen. 
D)  polysome. 
E)  base-pair substitution.

Question 2

The concept that a set of three nucleotides specifies a particular amino acid provides the basis for

Accepted Answer

A)  the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis. 
B)  the one gene, one polypeptide hypothesis. 
C)  the genetic code. 
D)  biochemical reactions among nucleic acids. 
E)  Mendelian genetics. 
A)  the one gene, one enzyme hypothesis. 
B)  the one gene, one polypeptide hypothesis. 
C)  the genetic code. 
D)  biochemical reactions among nucleic acids. 
E)  Mendelian genetics.

Question 3

Restriction enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  make staggered cuts. 
B)  function only at "sticky ends." 
C)  produce uniform lengths of DNA. 
D)  function only in genetic laboratories. 
E)  are fragments of DNA. 
A)  make staggered cuts. 
B)  function only at "sticky ends." 
C)  produce uniform lengths of DNA. 
D)  function only in genetic laboratories. 
E)  are fragments of DNA.

Question 4

A microarray of thousands of DNA sequences stamped onto a glass plate is a

Accepted Answer

A)  polysome. 
B)  DNA chip. 
C)  plasmid. 
D)  polygene. 
E)  DNA plate. 
A)  polysome. 
B)  DNA chip. 
C)  plasmid. 
D)  polygene. 
E)  DNA plate.

Question 5

New genetic combinations result from

Accepted Answer

A)  crossing over. 
B)  sexual reproduction. 
C)  mutations. 
D)  exchange of genes between different species. 
E)  all of these 
A)  crossing over. 
B)  sexual reproduction. 
C)  mutations. 
D)  exchange of genes between different species. 
E)  all of these

Question 6

A nucleotide may contain a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  base. 
B)  5-carbon sugar. 
C)  phosphate group. 
D)  adenine. 
E)  all of these 
A)  base. 
B)  5-carbon sugar. 
C)  phosphate group. 
D)  adenine. 
E)  all of these

Question 7

The use of RFLPs for "genetic fingerprinting" is based upon

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of gel used in electrophoresis. 
B)  identical alleles at loci. 
C)  differences of locations where enzymes make their cuts. 
D)  differences between blood and semen DNA. 
E)  bonding of DNA to RNA. 
A)  the type of gel used in electrophoresis. 
B)  identical alleles at loci. 
C)  differences of locations where enzymes make their cuts. 
D)  differences between blood and semen DNA. 
E)  bonding of DNA to RNA.

Question 8

Soy beans and corn have been genetically modified to produce their own ____ and resist ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins; insects. 
B)  weedkillers; viruses. 
C)  pesticides; weedkillers. 
D)  pesticides; viruses. 
E)  vitamins; bacteria. 
A)  vitamins; insects. 
B)  weedkillers; viruses. 
C)  pesticides; weedkillers. 
D)  pesticides; viruses. 
E)  vitamins; bacteria.

Question 9

Uracil can pair with

Accepted Answer

A)  ribose. 
B)  adenine. 
C)  cytosine. 
D)  thymine. 
E)  guanine. 
A)  ribose. 
B)  adenine. 
C)  cytosine. 
D)  thymine. 
E)  guanine.

Question 10

The RNA molecule is made up of how many strands?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  12 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  6 
E)  12

Question 11

The form of RNA that carries the code from the DNA to the site where the protein is assembled is called

Accepted Answer

A)  messenger RNA. 
B)  nuclear RNA. 
C)  ribosomal RNA. 
D)  transfer RNA. 
E)  structural RNA. 
A)  messenger RNA. 
B)  nuclear RNA. 
C)  ribosomal RNA. 
D)  transfer RNA. 
E)  structural RNA.

Question 12

The fragments of chromosomes split by restriction enzymes

Accepted Answer

A)  have fused ends. 
B)  have specific sequences of nucleotides. 
C)  have sticky ends. 
D)  form a circle. 
E)  have specific sequences of nucleotides and sticky ends. 
A)  have fused ends. 
B)  have specific sequences of nucleotides. 
C)  have sticky ends. 
D)  form a circle. 
E)  have specific sequences of nucleotides and sticky ends.

Question 13

DNA polymerase

Accepted Answer

A)  is an enzyme. 
B)  adds new sugars to a strand. 
C)  proofreads RNA strands to see that they are correct. 
D)  unwinds the DNA molecule during repair. 
E)  is made of uracil. 
A)  is an enzyme. 
B)  adds new sugars to a strand. 
C)  proofreads RNA strands to see that they are correct. 
D)  unwinds the DNA molecule during repair. 
E)  is made of uracil.

Question 14

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are steps in translation. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A)  initiation 
B)  replication 
C)  chain elongation 
D)  termination 
E)  anticodon 
A)  initiation 
B)  replication 
C)  chain elongation 
D)  termination 
E)  anticodon

Question 15

The first organisms to be bioengineered were

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  protozoans. 
E)  algae. 
A)  bacteria. 
B)  viruses. 
C)  fungi. 
D)  protozoans. 
E)  algae.

Question 16

Which of the following dominates in the process of transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  phenylketonuria 
D)  tRNA 
E)  rRNA 
A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  DNA polymerase 
C)  phenylketonuria 
D)  tRNA 
E)  rRNA

Question 17

Crop plants with added insect resistance might lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  toxicity in humans. 
B)  development of more resistant insects. 
C)  toxicity in land animals. 
D)  toxicity in birds. 
E)  toxicity in fish. 
A)  toxicity in humans. 
B)  development of more resistant insects. 
C)  toxicity in land animals. 
D)  toxicity in birds. 
E)  toxicity in fish.

Question 18

For polymerase chain reaction to occur,

Accepted Answer

A)  isolated DNA molecules must be primed. 
B)  all DNA fragments must be identical. 
C)  the DNA must be separated into single strands. 
D)  a "sticky end" must be available for the ligase enzyme to function. 
E)  isolated DNA molecules must be primed and the DNA must be separated into single strands. 
A)  isolated DNA molecules must be primed. 
B)  all DNA fragments must be identical. 
C)  the DNA must be separated into single strands. 
D)  a "sticky end" must be available for the ligase enzyme to function. 
E)  isolated DNA molecules must be primed and the DNA must be separated into single strands.

Question 19

Match between columns
                        Premises: These are bacterial populations containing thousands or millions of identical copies of one to several genes.
The sole function of these is to cut apart foreign DNA molecules.
When one uses the techniques of genetic engineering to move a novel or foreign piece of DNA into the DNA of an organism, these new DNA regions are produced.
The pieces of DNA that are moved by a genetic engineer from one organism to another are first incorporated in these.
This is the designation of the specific nucleotide sequences where restriction endonucleases cleave DNA.

Accepted Answer

The Answer of recombinants and plasmids and restriction sites and is...

Question 20

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide?

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  tDNA 
A)  mRNA 
B)  tRNA 
C)  hnRNA 
D)  rRNA 
E)  tDNA

Exam 21: DNA, Genes, and Biotechnology

A DNA region that can "jump" from one location to another is called a

The concept that a set of three nucleotides specifies a particular amino acid provides the basis for

Restriction enzymes

A microarray of thousands of DNA sequences stamped onto a glass plate is a

New genetic combinations result from

A nucleotide may contain a(n)

The use of RFLPs for "genetic fingerprinting" is based upon

Soy beans and corn have been genetically modified to produce their own ____ and resist ____.

Uracil can pair with

The RNA molecule is made up of how many strands?

The form of RNA that carries the code from the DNA to the site where the protein is assembled is called

The fragments of chromosomes split by restriction enzymes

DNA polymerase

Selecting the Exception Four of the five answers listed below are steps in translation. Select the exception.

The first organisms to be bioengineered were

Which of the following dominates in the process of transcription?

Crop plants with added insect resistance might lead to

For polymerase chain reaction to occur,

Which of the following carries amino acids to ribosomes, where amino acids are linked into the primary structure of a polypeptide?

Learning About Human Biology

Chemistry of Life

Cells and How They Work

Tissues, Organs, and Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Circulation: the Heart and Blood Vessels

Blood

Immunity and Disease

The Respiratory System

Digestion and Nutrition

The Urinary System

The Nervous System

Sensory Systems

The Endocrine System

Reproductive Systems

Development and Aging

Cell Reproduction

Introduction to Genetics

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

Genes and Disease: Cancer

Principles of Evolution

Principles of Ecology

Human Impacts on the Biosphere

Filters

Soy beans and corn have been genetically modified to produce their own and resist .