Exam 3: The Alimentary Canal: Digestion and Absorption

During peristalsis,doorlike mechanisms called valves or sphincter muscles perform all of the following functions,except one.Which is the exception?

Demineralization is a result of acids produced by fermentable carbohydrates combining with proteins to form prebiotics.Demineralization is caused by a lack of calcium intake or a calcium deficiency.

Missing teeth increase the potential for food obstruction in the airway because an inability to masticate food can result in larger chunks of food being swallowed.

Taste buds,receptors of taste located in the oral cavity,play an important role in the digestive system.Visual sensory perceptions associated with the presentation and color of food are known as gustatory sensations.

Proteolytic enzymes are most likely to break down which food type?

Each is true of carbohydrate digestion,except one.Which is the exception?

Pancreatic enzymes enter the colon through the pancreatic duct.Produced and stored in the pancreas,these enzymes hydrolyze carbohydrates,proteins,and fats.

The accessory organs include the large and small intestines.The role of accessory organs is to store foodstuffs during the digestive process.

Nutrients are absorbed from the small intestine through the mucosa into the portal circulation.Nutrients are transported through the portal vein to the liver where metabolism is initiated.

In a well-functioning alimentary tract,stomach contents do not "back wash" into the esophagus because the pyloric sphincter prevents foodstuff from seeping back into the esophagus.

Each statement describes functions of the small intestine,except one.Which is the exception?

Digestion is accomplished solely through chemical activities on food because peristalsis permits blending of foodstuffs with digestive secretions.

Intestinal digestion of fats and insoluble molecules is enhanced because emulsification by bile salts facilitates breakdown of such substances into smaller particles.

Lactose-intolerant individuals have a deficiency of both lactase and sucrase because breakdown of lactose involves conversion into two monosaccharides.

Hydrolysis of a starch begins with which enzyme?

Gustatory and olfactory disorders can result in the deterioration of a patient's general condition or nutritional status.Potentially adverse compensatory habits can contribute to dental caries and systemic conditions.

Which substance is most essential for hydrolyzing large protein molecules?

Alveolar bone is primarily composed of bony spikes forming a meshwork of spaces within cancellous bone.This spikelike formation is called interdental bone.

Most absorption occurs in the stomach because the gastric juices secreted by the stomach effectively hydrolyze and prepare nutrients for absorption.

Bile is produced and secreted by the liver and stored in the small intestine.Production of bile is stimulated by salivary amylase.